An efficient treatment technique for TMAH wastewater by catalytic oxidation

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hirano ◽  
J. Okamura ◽  
T. Taira ◽  
K. Sano ◽  
A. Toyoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Efficient Treatment

An efficient treatment technique for TMAH wastewater by catalytic oxidation

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hirano ◽  
J. Okamura ◽  
T. Taira ◽  
K. Sano ◽  
A. Toyoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Efficient Treatment

scholarly journals Removal of Toxic Elements and Microbial Contaminants from Groundwater Using Low-Cost Treatment Options

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana A. Da’ana ◽  
Nabil Zouari ◽  
Mohammad Y. Ashfaq ◽  
Mohammed Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Majeda Khraisheh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Groundwater Treatment ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Cost Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Microbial Contaminants

Abstract Purpose of Review This paper reviews various low-cost treatment techniques such as adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, and biological techniques for the simultaneous removal of chemical and microbial contaminants from groundwater and discusses treatment mechanisms of different treatment techniques. This paper also discusses the challenges of groundwater treatment, how to choose the appropriate treatment technique, and cost analysis of groundwater treatment. Recent Findings Various treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of groundwater: physical, chemical, and biological technologies with different success rates. In the literature, various adsorbents have been successfully synthesized from low-cost and environmentally friendly materials. Adsorption is considered an efficient treatment technique for the removal of both toxic elements and pathogens by utilizing different adsorbents. For example, the nanostructures of MgO with a BET surface area of up to 171 m2/g obtained a very high adsorption capacity of 29,131 mg/g for fluoride ions in water, while the incorporation of iron in activated carbon has improved its adsorption capacity to 51.3 mg/g for arsenic. Moreover, certain adsorbents have shown the capability to remove 99% of the rotavirus and adenovirus from groundwater. Summary Groundwater resources are contaminated with toxic metals and pathogens. Therefore, water treatment technologies should be evaluated for their efficiency to remove such contaminants. Determination of the most cost-effective and efficient treatment technique is not an easy task and requires the understanding of various aspects such as the contaminants present in water, the reuse options considered, and cost analysis of the treatment technique.

scholarly journals The Study on the Active Site Regulated RuOx/Sn0.2Ti0.8O2 Catalysts with Different Ru Precursors for the Catalytic Oxidation of Dichloromethane

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1306
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Zhong Zheng ◽  
Mengyue Kong ◽  
Zhesheng Hua ◽  
Zhengda Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Active Site ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Active Species ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Performance ◽  
Industrial Exhaust

Chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) present in industrial exhaust gas can cause great harm to the human body and the environment. In order to further study the catalytic oxidation of CVOCs, an active site regulated RuOx/Sn0.2Ti0.8O2 catalyst with different Ru precursors was developed. With Dichloromethane as the model molecule, the activity test results showed that the optimization of Ru precursor using Ru colloid significantly increased the activity of the catalyst (T90 was reduced by about 90 °C when the Ru loading was 1 wt%). The analysis of characterization results showed that the improvement of the catalytic performance was mainly due to the improvement of the active species dispersion (the size of Ru cluster was reduced from 3–4 nm to about 1.3 nm) and the enhancement of the interaction between the active species and the support. The utilization efficiency of the active components was improved by nearly doubling TOF value, and the overall oxidation performance of the catalyst was also enhanced. The relationship between the Ru loading and the catalytic activity of the catalyst was also studied to better determine the optimal Ru loading. It could be found that with the increase in Ru loading, the dispersibility of RuOx species on the catalyst surface gradually decreased, despite the increase in their total amount. The combined influence of these two effects led to little change in the catalytic activity of the catalyst at first, and then a significant increase. Therefore, this research is meaningful for the efficient treatment of CVOCs and further reducing the content of active components in the catalysts.

scholarly journals Treatment of textile dyes using advanced oxidative and adsorptive processes individually and combined: study of the operational parameters, kinetic and adsorptive equilibrium

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1327-1338
Author(s):  
Emanuely José de Souza ◽  
Naiana Santos da Cruz Santana Neves ◽  
Rayssa Kelen de Mendonça Gomes ◽  
Sérgio Gonzaga dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Lívia Vieira Carlini Charamba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Chicken Eggshell ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Adsorptive Equilibrium ◽  
Fenton System ◽  
Persistent Contaminants ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract Advanced oxidative processes (AOP) have been consolidated as an efficient treatment technique to degrade persistent contaminants. In addition to them, biosorption also emerges as a technique capable of removing both pollutants and intermediate products generated by other treatments such as AOP. Thus, this work evaluated the degradation and removal of the mixture of dyes Direct Red 23 and Direct Red 227 in aqueous solution (50 mg·L−1 of each). Preliminary tests showed that the photo-Fenton system under sunlight radiation was the most efficient, reaching a degradation ≥93%. For the adsorptive process using chicken eggshell, preliminary tests indicated that the ideal dosage of adsorbent was 8.0 g·L−1. For this process, a factorial design indicated the best working conditions, which demonstrated from the system adjusted well to the Elovich (kinetic) model and to the Freundlich and Sips models (equilibrium). When associating the two processes, AOP followed by adsorption achieved a total degradation/removal of ≈98% (for all λ) in a time of 60 min. Thus, the feasibility of the combined treatment is indicated.

scholarly journals Development of Wastewater Treatment Technique by Catalytic Oxidation in Superheated Steam

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
Atsushi Watanabe ◽  
Idzumi Okajima ◽  
Takeshi Sako ◽  
Makoto Tsukiji ◽  
Takamasa Kato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Flow Reactor ◽  
Plug Flow ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Toc Removal

The purpose of this research was the development of a wastewater treatment technique using catalytic oxidation in superheated steam. The target substance was isopropyl alcohol (IPA). The experiment was carried out using a plug-flow reactor filled with MnO2 catalyst. The optimum decomposition condition was determined, and the kinetics of the catalytic oxidation reaction were analyzed. The experimental results were expressed as total organic carbon (TOC) removal. The dependences of the TOC removal on the reaction temperature and residence time were investigated. The TOC removal increased with the reaction temperature and residence time. It was 99.8% at 300°C, 0.9 MPa, 11 s, and oxidant ratio of 1.2. On the other hand, the TOC removal was constant for a long residence time at low reaction temperatures of 200 and 230°C. This was because acetone and acetic acid were produced via the oxidation of IPA, and they were detected as TOC. The reaction kinetics were examined using the pseudo-first-order reaction model; the TOC removal correlated well with this model. Based on the results of the kinetics, the activation energy (Ea) for TOC decomposition was determined from the Arrhenius equation; it was 56.1 kJ/mol. These results indicate that catalytic oxidation in superheated steam is useful for wastewater treatment.

Electro-coagulation treatment of oily wastewater with sludge analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2533-2538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhorgham Skban Ibrahim ◽  
N. Sakthipriya ◽  
N. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Electro Coagulation

Experiments were carried out in a batch reactor to treat the oily effluent by electro-coagulation. The influence of operating parameters such as applied current, type of electrode and electrolysis time on electro-coagulation efficiency has been critically examined. The maximum percentage removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was 94% under optimum experimental conditions of pH 6.7, current density 6 mA/cm2, electrolysis time 40 min, and using mild steel as anode. The remaining sludge in the reactor was analyzed by energy disperse analysis of X-rays (EDAX) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. The analysis confirms that the oily pollutant was removed by electroflotation and adsorption of the oily particles of precipitate during the electro-coagulation process. Electro-coagulation can be used as an efficient treatment technique for oily wastewater.

scholarly journals Training and teaching applications for Autistic Children based on C# standalone application

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-79
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Children With Special Needs ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Autistic Children ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Mutual Relations

  Autism is a disease, which affects the child's ability to communicate with those around them and develop mutual relations with them and hence it needs to have a quick and efficient treatment technique. The earliest age of ASD diagnosis is between 4.5 and 5.5 years. Approximately 6 per 1000 children under eight years suffer from ASD. Statistics show an annual increase of the disease about 3,500 cases of children with autism in the Sultanate of Oman. The aim of this work is to design an Interactive Learning System based Windows Application for teaching the children with Autism. The Windows Application is developed using C# which will be useful to teach the children different things such as Alphabets, Numbers, Fruits, Vegetables and many more. The application is a bi-lingual application (English and Arabic). The application can be used also to test the progress of the children. Also, develop interactive materials that help children with special needs for enhancing their communicating and thinking. In addition develop interactive materials that help children with special needs for enhancing their communication and rational skills which could help them to integrate into the society.

Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of acute and subacute occlusions of the peripheral arteries and bypasses

VASA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frantisek Stanek ◽  
Radoslava Ouhrabkova ◽  
David Prochazka
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Major Amputation ◽  
Peripheral Arteries ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Percutaneous Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Crural Arteries

Abstract. Background: The aim of this prospective single-centre study was to analyse the immediate results, failures and complications of percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy using the Rotarex catheter in the treatment of acute and subacute occlusions of peripheral arteries and bypasses, as well as to evaluate long-term outcomes of this method. Patients and methods: Patients with acute (duration of symptoms < 14 days) or subacute (duration of symptoms > 14 days and < 3 months) occlusions of peripheral arteries and bypasses were selected consecutively for treatment. The cohort consisted of 113 patients, aged 18 - 92 years (median 72 years). In all, 128 procedures were performed. Results: Angiographic success was obtained in 120 interventions (93.8 %). Reasons for failures were rethrombosis of a partially recanalised segment in six procedures, and embolism into crural arteries in one intervention - percutaneous aspiration thromboembolectomy (PAT) and/or thrombolysis were ineffective in all these cases. Breakage of the Rotarex catheter happened in one procedure. Embolisation into crural arteries as a transitory complication solvable with PAT and/or thrombolysis occurred in four cases. Rethrombosis was more frequent in bypasses than in native arteries (p = 0.0069), in patients with longer occlusions (p = 0.026) and those with poorer distal runoff (p = 0.048). Embolisation happened more often in patients with a shorter duration of symptoms (p = 0.0001). Clinical success was achieved in 82.5 %. Major amputation was performed in 10 % of cases. Cumulative patency rates were 75 % after one month, 71 % after six months, 38 % after 12 months, 33 % after 18 months and 30 % after 24, 30, 36 and 42 months. Conclusions: Rotarex thrombectomy has excellent immediate results with a low rate of failures and complications. In comparison to thrombolysis, it enables the fast and efficient treatment of acute and subacute occlusions of peripheral arteries in one session.

Efficient Treatment of Fixed and Induced Dipolar Interactions

2000 ◽  
Vol 653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Sagui ◽  
Thoma Darden
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Md Simulations ◽  
Lagrangian Formalism ◽  
Dipolar Interactions ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Particle Mesh Ewald ◽  
Fixed Charges ◽  
Self Consistency ◽  
Induced Dipoles

AbstractFixed and induced point dipoles have been implemented in the Ewald and Particle-Mesh Ewald (PME) formalisms. During molecular dynamics (MD) the induced dipoles can be propagated along with the atomic positions either by interation to self-consistency at each time step, or by a Car-Parrinello (CP) technique using an extended Lagrangian formalism. The use of PME for electrostatics of fixed charges and induced dipoles together with a CP treatment of dipole propagation in MD simulations leads to a cost overhead of only 33% above that of MD simulations using standard PME with fixed charges, allowing the study of polarizability in largemacromolecular systems.

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