The use of MulTCP for the delivery of equitable quality video

This paper explores data caching as a key factor of edge computing. State-of-the-art research of data caching on edge nodes mainly considers reactive and proactive caching, and machine learning based caching, which could be a heavy task for edge nodes. However, edge nodes usually have relatively lower computing resources than cloud datacenters as those are geo-distributed from the administrator. Therefore, a caching algorithm should be lightweight for saving computing resources on edge nodes. In addition, the data caching should be agile because it has to support high-quality services on edge nodes. Accordingly, this paper proposes a lightweight, agile caching algorithm, EDCrammer (Efficient Data Crammer), which performs agile operations to control caching rate for streaming data by using the enhanced PID (Proportional-Integral-Differential) controller. Experimental results using this lightweight, agile caching algorithm show its significant value in each scenario. In four common scenarios, the desired cache utilization was reached in 1.1 s on average and then maintained within a 4–7% deviation. The cache hit ratio is about 96%, and the optimal cache capacity is around 1.5 MB. Thus, EDCrammer can help distribute the streaming data traffic to the edge nodes, mitigate the uplink load on the central cloud, and ultimately provide users with high-quality video services. We also hope that EDCrammer can improve overall service quality in 5G environment, Augmented Reality/Virtual Reality (AR/VR), Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), Internet of Things (IoT), etc.

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Fuzzy-Based Quality Adaptation Algorithm for Improving QoE from MPEG-DASH Video

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11115270 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 5270

Author(s):

Waqas ur Rahman ◽

Md Delowar Hossain ◽

Eui-Nam Huh

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Video Quality ◽

Buffer Size ◽

Bandwidth Utilization ◽

Adaptation Algorithm ◽

Control Laws ◽

Quality Video ◽

Video Player ◽

High Quality Video ◽

Abr Algorithm

Video clients employ HTTP-based adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to optimize users’ quality of experience (QoE). ABR algorithms adopt video quality based on the network conditions during playback. The existing state-of-the-art ABR algorithms ignore the fact that video streaming services deploy segment durations differently in different services, and HTTP clients offer distinct buffer sizes. The existing ABR algorithms use fixed control laws and are designed with predefined client/server settings. As a result, adaptation algorithms fail to achieve optimal performance across a variety of video client settings and QoE objectives. We propose a buffer- and segment-aware fuzzy-based ABR algorithm that selects video rates for future video segments based on segment duration and the client’s buffer size in addition to throughput and playback buffer level. We demonstrate that the proposed algorithm guarantees high QoE across various video player settings and video content characteristics. The proposed algorithm efficiently utilizes bandwidth in order to download high-quality video segments and to guarantee high QoE. The results from our experiments reveal that the proposed adaptation algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art algorithms, providing improvements in average video rate, QoE, and bandwidth utilization, respectively, of 5% to 18%, about 13% to 30%, and up to 45%.

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Factors Affecting the Popularity of Video Content on Live-Streaming Services: Focusing on V Live, the South Korean Live-Streaming Service

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12051784 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 1784 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Minjeong Ham ◽

Sang Woo Lee

Keyword(s):

Live Streaming ◽

Cumulative Number ◽

Video Content ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

South Korean ◽

Key Characteristics ◽

Quality Video ◽

Streaming Service ◽

High Quality Video ◽

Production Company

Naver V Live, a South Korean live-streaming service, showcases video contents specific to the entertainment industry, such as K-pop and music. On V Live, K-pop stars and their fans can interact directly in a natural way, and V Live provides high-quality video content with novel topics. This study has identified key characteristics of video content that affect its popularity. A total of 620 video contents of five leading Star channels were classified on the basis of production company, type of video content, and whether it was live-streamed or not. The popularity of video content was measured by the number of comments, hearts, and views. To control potential bias, additional variables were set as control variables—such as the number of channel subscribers, mini-album sales, if the video content was previewed, and cumulative number of days since the video content was uploaded. For analysis, a hierarchical linear regression was conducted. The findings suggest future directions in video content planning.

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Regional education on endoscopic surgery using a teleconference system with high-quality video via the internet: Saga surgical videoconferences

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-020-02215-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tatsuya Manabe ◽

Mitsuhiro Takasaki ◽

Takao Ide ◽

Kenji Kitahara ◽

Seiji Sato ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endoscopic Surgery ◽

Educational System ◽

High Speed ◽

The Internet ◽

Web Conferencing ◽

High Quality ◽

Anatomical Structures ◽

Quality Video ◽

High Quality Video ◽

Conferencing System

Abstract Background Effective education about endoscopic surgery (ES) is greatly needed for unskilled surgeons, especially at low-volume institutions, to maintain the safety of patients. We have tried to establish the remote educational system using videoconference system through the internet for education about ES to surgeons belonging to affiliate institutions. The aim of this manuscript was to report the potential to establish a comfortable remote educational system and to debate its advantages. Methods We established a local remote educational conference system by combining the use of a general web conferencing system and a synchronized remote video playback system with annotation function through a high-speed internet. Results During 2014–2019, we conducted 14 videoconferences to review and improve surgeons’ skills in performing ES at affiliated institutions. At these conferences, while an uncut video of ES that had been performed at one of the affiliated institutions was shown, the surgical procedure was discussed frankly, and expert surgeons advised improvements. The annotation system is useful for easy, prompt recognition among the audience regarding anatomical structures and procedures that are difficult to explain verbally. Conclusions This system is of low initial cost and offers easy participation and high-quality videos. It would therefore be a useful tool for regional ES education.

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Robust Video Communication over an Urban VANET

Mobile Information Systems ◽

10.1155/2010/190213 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 259-280 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

N. Qadri ◽

M. Altaf ◽

M. Fleury ◽

M. Ghanbari

Keyword(s):

Video Streaming ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Source Coding ◽

Video Quality ◽

Video Communication ◽

Network Resource ◽

Multiple Path ◽

Quality Video ◽

Considerable Benefit ◽

Redundancy Coding

Video communication within a Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) has the potential to be of considerable benefit in an urban emergency, as it allows emergency vehicles approaching the scene to better understand the nature of the emergency. However, the lack of centralized routing and network resource management within a VANET is an impediment to video streaming. To overcome these problems the paper pioneers source-coding techniques for VANET video streaming. The paper firstly investigates two practical multiple-path schemes, Video Redundancy Coding (VRC) and the H.264/AVC codec's redundant frames. The VRC scheme is reinforced by gradual decoder refresh to improve the delivered video quality. Evaluation shows that multiple-path 'redundant frames' achieves acceptable video quality at some destinations, whereas VRC is insufficient. The paper also demonstrates a third source coding scheme, single-path streaming with Flexible Macroblock Ordering, which is also capable of delivery of reasonable quality video. Therefore, video communication between vehicles is indeed shown to be feasible in an urban emergency if the suitable source coding techniques are selected.

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LEVERAGE: Reciprocal peer tutoring over broadband networks

ReCALL ◽

10.1017/s0958344000002172 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 133-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jan Wong ◽

Agnès Fauverge

Keyword(s):

Language Learning ◽

Peer Tutoring ◽

Computer Network ◽

Web Based ◽

Application Sharing ◽

Quality Video ◽

Reciprocal Peer Tutoring ◽

Set Up ◽

High Quality Video ◽

Experimental Use

This paper reports on the experimental use of a broadband computer network hypermedia environment for language learning (French, English and Spanish). Using Web-based resources, students engage in a collaborative task over a network which offers high quality video-conferencing, application sharing and access to authentic multimedia resources. One of the main aims was to establish the practicalities of providing learners of languages with opportunities to engage in reciprocal peer tutoring. After outlining the pedagogical assumptions, and describing the set-up of the network-based learning environment, the trials are analysed, and the effectiveness of network-based language learning in supporting collaborative learning is discussed.

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Implementation of Video Transcoding Client Based on FFMPEG

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.1748 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 756-759 ◽

pp. 1748-1752 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hao Zeng ◽

Yuan Fang

Keyword(s):

Streaming Media ◽

Source Code ◽

Video Codec ◽

Video Transcoding ◽

Stream Media ◽

Quality Video ◽

Media Server ◽

High Quality Video ◽

Video Format ◽

Streaming Media Server

As the increasing applications of streaming media, using the streaming media server to provide high-quality video service for people becomes a trend. Streaming media server for video format requirements has become the bottleneck of its development, In this paper, we give a kind of transcoding method, through compiling FFmpeg source code under the windows OS, adding the x264 video codec and FAAC audio library, we can get ffmpeg.exe which can run directly, and we use MFC to design the the operation interface, which used to convert other video formats into stream media server supported formats.

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