Biharmonic spline interpolation for solar radiation mapping using Puerto Rico as a case of study

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa I. Feliciano-Cruz ◽  
Eduardo I. Ortiz-Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Biharmonic Spline Interpolation

Solar Radiation Over the Caribbean Island of Puerto Rico

Solar Energy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramiro L. Rivera ◽  
Karim Altaii
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Caribbean Island ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Energy Conversion System ◽  
The Caribbean

Solar radiation was measured and recorded on a 5-minute, hourly and daily basis at a number of sites on the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico (located from 18° to 18° 30’N latitude and from 65° 30’ to 67° 15’W longitude) over a 24 calendar month time frame. The global solar radiation was measured at four sites (namely: Aguadilla, Ponce, Gurabo, and San Juan). The global solar radiation data was measured by an Eppley Precision Spectral Pyranometer (model PSP) mounted on a horizontal surface. This pyranometer is sensitive to solar radiation in the range of 0.285 ≤ λ ≤ 2.8 μm wavelengths. Statistical analysis such as the daily average, monthly average hourly, monthly average daily, and annual average daily global radiation are presented in this paper. Despite its small size, a 13 percent variation in the global solar radiation has been observed within the island. Reasonable solar radiation values, for solar energy conversion system installation, seem to exist at and possibly around Aguadilla.

scholarly journals Road Tunnel Axial Fan Performance In Situ Test: Taking Qinling Zhongnan Mountain Highway Tunnel as an Example

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yongdong Wang ◽  
Xingbo Han ◽  
Tianyue Zhou ◽  
Zhiwei He ◽  
Feilong Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Axial Fan ◽  
In Situ Test ◽  
The Road ◽  
Highway Tunnel ◽  
Fitting Method ◽  
Axial Fans ◽  
Biharmonic Spline Interpolation

Axial fans play a pivotal role in the road tunnel ventilation system. Qualified performance of the axial fan is important for both safety and air quality maintenance reasons. Axial fans performance in situ test of Qinling Zhongnan Mountain highway tunnel, the second longest road tunnel in the world, is presented in this research. Performance test items and the qualification criterion, as well as a general framework for the road tunnel axial fan assessment, are recommended. Log-Tchebycheff method is suggested to confirm the location for the measuring lines and points. The precision of the log-Tchebycheff method in air flow rate measuring is verified by comparing with the biharmonic spline interpolation fitting result. The research shows that the log-Tchebycheff method has high precision and good efficiency in the air flow rate measurement of the road tunnel air duct. What is more, the biharmonic spline interpolation fitting method can be applied to obtain a more accurate result. The number of interpolation points of the biharmonic spline interpolation fitting method should be bigger than 2000 to provide quality results.

The Impacts of Climate Changes on the Renewable Energy Resources in the Caribbean Region

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Angeles ◽  
J. E. González ◽  
D. J. Erickson ◽  
J. L. Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Caribbean Region ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Surface Solar Radiation ◽  
The Caribbean

Assessment of renewable energy resources such as surface solar radiation and wind current has great relevance in the development of local and regional energy policies. This paper examines the variability and availability of these resources as a function of possible climate changes for the Caribbean region. Global climate changes have been reported in the last decades, causing changes in the atmospheric dynamics, which affects the net solar radiation balance at the surface and the wind strength and direction. For this investigation, the future climate changes for the Caribbean are predicted using the parallel climate model (PCM) and it is coupled with the numerical model regional atmospheric modeling system (RAMS) to simulate the solar and wind energy spatial patterns changes for the specific case of the island of Puerto Rico. Numerical results from PCM indicate that the Caribbean basin from 2041 to 2055 will experience a slight decrease in the net surface solar radiation (with respect to the years 1996–2010), which is more pronounced in the western Caribbean sea. Results also indicate that the easterly winds have a tendency to increase in its magnitude, especially from the years 2070 to 2098. The regional model showed that important areas to collect solar energy are located in the eastern side of Puerto Rico, while the more intense wind speed is placed around the coast. A future climate change is expected in the Caribbean that will result in higher energy demands, but both renewable energy sources will have enough intensity to be used in the future as alternative energy resources to mitigate future climate changes.

An Integrated Method for XRII Image Distortion Correction

2015 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Jin Li ◽  
Hua Zhong Shu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
You Yong Kong
Keyword(s):  
Imaging System ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Distortion Correction ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Biharmonic Spline Interpolation

The distorted X-Ray Image Intensifier (XRII) image can introduce negative effect on following work for C-arm CT imaging system. In this paper, we propose an integrated approach based on least squares and Biharmonic spline interpolation to correct geometric distortions of XRII images. The method first uses morphology operation to extract the coordinate values of control points. Then the least square method fits the extracted coordinate values in every row and computes the more coordinate values by fixing the length in every row. Finally, The Biharmonic spline interpolation is used to interpolate the all coordinate values and correct the distortional XRII image. The experiment shows that the integrated method can effectively correct the distorted XRII image.

scholarly journals Variation in the B-Carotene and Ascorbic Acid Contents of Lettuce and Carrots as Influenced by Seasonal Changes in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
María del C. C. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Synthesis ◽  
Rainy Days

1. Climatic factors such as temperature, number of rainy days, and total rainfall, apparently have no effect on the synthesis of ß-carotene and ascorbic acid in lettuce and carrots, when these are determined during the entire growing period. 2. The ascorbic acid content of lettuce is inversely correlated with the sunlight received by the plant some 10 days prior to harvest. 3. Solar radiation received by lettuce plants during October, January, and February seems to be more favorable to the ß-carotene synthesis than that received during the rest of the year. Days are longer, but solar radiation is milder during this time of the year. 4. Solar radiation in Puerto Rico favors ascorbic acid synthesis in lettuce all year through. 5. Results obtained under the conditions of these studies demonstrate that temperature, number of rainy days, and rainfall have no effect on the ß-carotene and ascorbic acid content of carrots.

scholarly journals Pseudo 3D seismic using biharmonic spline interpolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 012054
Author(s):  
E Yulianto ◽  
F Abdullah ◽  
N Novrizal ◽  
A Riyanto
Keyword(s):  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Biharmonic Spline Interpolation

scholarly journals Potential for year-round forage production in Puerto Rico and St. Croix

1969 ◽  
Vol 89 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-148
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Sinclair ◽  
Yoana C. Newman ◽  
María de L. Lugo ◽  
Elide Valencia ◽  
Ann R. Blount
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Rooting Depth ◽  
Tropical Islands ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Large Yield ◽  
Low Levels

Forage production can vary substantially during the annual cycle in the tropical islands of Puerto Rico and St. Croix. Cool temperatures, low levels of solar radiation, and low rainfall in December and January have been hypothesized to cause decrease in forage growth. A forage growth model was used to simulate yield in different environments in order to examine these hypotheses quantitatively. Weather data were obtained over a period of three to six years from three locations in Puerto Rico and one location in St. Croix. Minimum temperatures were always near or above 20° C and, consequently, did not appear to cause serious losses in forage production. The forage model predicted a decrease in forage production during the winter months due to decreased levels of solar radiation; however, yields were estimated to be approximately 70 to 80% of summer yields. Whereas shallow rooting depth of 45 cm could cause decreased yields in some situations, inadequate rainfall could not explain large yield decreases in winter months. This research indicates that a factor in addition to the ones tested contributes to the loss in winter forage yield. It is speculated that short day lengths directly influence the regulation of plant growth such that forage yield is decreased in winter months. 

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