Measuring the Impact of Friends on the Internal Attributes of Software Systems

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. English ◽  
J. Buckley ◽  
T. Cahill ◽  
K. Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Software Systems ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals NECESSITY TO IMPROVE THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FREIGHT CARS TO STUDY CASES OF ITS DERAILMENTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 442-451
Author(s):  
А.V. Batig ◽  
A. Ya. Kuzyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computer Experiment ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Freight Car ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

One of the most important problems that pose a serious threat to the functioning of railways is the problem of freight cars derailment. However, according to statistics, the number of cases of the derailments of freight cars in trains annually grows. Тo prevent such cases, the necessary preventive measures are developed, and to study the causes of their occurrence, a significant number of mathematical models, programs and software systems created by leading domestic and foreign scientists. Studies of such mathematical models by the authors of this work have led to the conclusion that they are not sufficiently detailed to the extent that it is necessary for analyze the reasons of its derailment. At the same time, an analysis of the causes of the rolling stock derailments on the railways of Ukraine over the past five years showed that in about 20 % of cases they are obvious, and in 7 % of cases they are not obvious and implicitly expressed. The study of such cases of rolling stock derailment during an official investigation by the railway and during forensic railway transport expertises requires the use of an improved mathematical model of a freight car, which would allow a quantitative assessment of the impact of its parameters and rail track on the conditions of railway accidents. Therefore, taking into account the main reasons that caused the occurrence of such railroad accidents over the last five years on the railways of Ukraine, the article selected the main directions for improving the mathematical model of a freight car, allowing to cover all the many factors (explicit and hidden) and identify the most significant ones regarding the circumstances of the derailment rolling stock off the track, established on the basis of a computer experiment. It is proposed in the mathematical model of a freight car to take into account the guiding force, the value of which is one of the main indicators of the stability of the rolling stock. The authors of the article noted that not taking into account the influence of the guiding forces on the dynamics of the freight car can lead to an erroneous determination of the reasons for the rolling stock derailment or even to the impossibility of establishing them.

scholarly journals An analysis of software aging in cloud environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 5985
Author(s):  
Shruthi P. ◽  
Nagaraj G. Cholli
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Virtual Machines ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
System Failure ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Software Aging ◽  
Software Rejuvenation ◽  
The Impact

Cloud Computing is the environment in which several virtual machines (VM) run concurrently on physical machines. The cloud computing infrastructure hosts multiple cloud service segments that communicate with each other using the interfaces. This creates distributed computing environment. During operation, the software systems accumulate errors or garbage that leads to system failure and other hazardous consequences. This status is called software aging. Software aging happens because of memory fragmentation, resource consumption in large scale and accumulation of numerical error. Software aging degrads the performance that may result in system failure. This happens because of premature resource exhaustion. This issue cannot be determined during software testing phase because of the dynamic nature of operation. The errors that cause software aging are of special types. These errors do not disturb the software functionality but target the response time and its environment. This issue is to be resolved only during run time as it occurs because of the dynamic nature of the problem. To alleviate the impact of software aging, software rejuvenation technique is being used. Rejuvenation process reboots the system or re-initiates the softwares. This avoids faults or failure. Software rejuvenation removes accumulated error conditions, frees up deadlocks and defragments operating system resources like memory. Hence, it avoids future failures of system that may happen due to software aging. As service availability is crucial, software rejuvenation is to be carried out at defined schedules without disrupting the service. The presence of Software rejuvenation techniques can make software systems more trustworthy. Software designers are using this concept to improve the quality and reliability of the software. Software aging and rejuvenation has generated a lot of research interest in recent years. This work reviews some of the research works related to detection of software aging and identifies research gaps.

Software Components

2010 ◽  
pp. 351-363
Author(s):  
Adnan Bader ◽  
Sita Ramakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Trust Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software Components ◽  
Object Oriented Design ◽  
Development Lifecycle ◽  
Software Development Lifecycle ◽  
Component Based Software Engineering ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Component-based software engineering (CBSE) has rapidly gained currency over recent years. Software developed as components and as assemblies of components has realised the reuse slogan originally associated with object-oriented design. In this chapter we define what software components are along with their different characteristics and classifications. We also cover the widely debated definitions of software components to emphasise the fact that components possess different properties that can mean different things to different people. We discuss the impact of using components on the software development lifecycle and review a number of different approaches developed to procure and integrate components in software systems. Finally, the risks associated with using software components are discussed in detail with along with a trust model. Trends in CBSE research are discussed towards the end to explore some potential areas of future research.

Sustainability in Information and Communication Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 375-396
Author(s):  
Clara Silveira ◽  
Leonilde Reis
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Organizational Strategies ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact

Information and communication technologies (ICT) can provide added value in an organizational context in order to enhance the definition of business support strategies. The purpose of the chapter is to focus on the contribution of ICT to implement a sustainability policy in the organizations, in the context of the sustainable development goals to improve cooperation and promote development. In this context, the principles of the Karlskrona Manifesto are applied to the development of software systems. The methodology focused on the literature review of the domain and on a case study, in order to analyze the impact of ICT as an engine of sustainability in organizations. The main conclusions focus on the analysis of the impact of established practices in organizations to design and develop sustainable software systems. The results point to a greater consciousness of the potential effects of software systems on sustainability, which will improve management practices, reducing the quantity of material to be recycled, and aligning organizational strategies with Green IT.

Cybersecurity Risks, Vulnerabilities, and Countermeasures to Prevent Social Engineering Attacks

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Nabie Y. Conteh ◽  
Paul J. Schmick
Keyword(s):  
Social Engineering ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Information Technology Infrastructure ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Broad Objective ◽  
The Impact

The broad objective of this study is to evaluate the vulnerabilities of an organization's information technology infrastructure, which include hardware and software systems, transmission media, local area networks, wide area networks, enterprise networks, intranets, and its use of the internet to cyber intrusions. To achieve this objective, the chapter explains the importance of social engineering in network intrusions and cyber-theft and the reasons for the rapid expansion of cybercrime. The chapter also includes a complete description and definition of social engineering, the role it plays in network intrusion and cyber identity theft, a discussion of the reasons for the rise in cybercrimes, and their impact on organizations. In closing the authors recommend some preventive measures and possible solutions to the threats and vulnerabilities of social engineering. The chapter concludes that while technology has a role to play in reducing the impact of social engineering attacks, the vulnerability resides with human behavior, human impulses, and psychological predispositions.

scholarly journals On the impact of service-oriented patterns on software evolvability: a controlled experiment and metric-based analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e213
Author(s):  
Justus Bogner ◽  
Stefan Wagner ◽  
Alfred Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Design Patterns ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Controlled Experiment ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Evidence ◽  
Metric Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Background Design patterns are supposed to improve various quality attributes of software systems. However, there is controversial quantitative evidence of this impact. Especially for younger paradigms such as service- and Microservice-based systems, there is a lack of empirical studies. Objective In this study, we focused on the effect of four service-based patterns—namely Process Abstraction, Service Façade, Decomposed Capability, and Event-Driven Messaging—on the evolvability of a system from the viewpoint of inexperienced developers. Method We conducted a controlled experiment with Bachelor students (N = 69). Two functionally equivalent versions of a service-based web shop—one with patterns (treatment group), one without (control group)—had to be changed and extended in three tasks. We measured evolvability by the effectiveness and efficiency of the participants in these tasks. Additionally, we compared both system versions with nine structural maintainability metrics for size, granularity, complexity, cohesion, and coupling. Results Both experiment groups were able to complete a similar number of tasks within the allowed 90 min. Median effectiveness was 1/3. Mean efficiency was 12% higher in the treatment group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Only for the third task, we found statistical support for accepting the alternative hypothesis that the pattern version led to higher efficiency. In the metric analysis, the pattern version had worse measurements for size and granularity while simultaneously having slightly better values for coupling metrics. Complexity and cohesion were not impacted. Interpretation For the experiment, our analysis suggests that the difference in efficiency is stronger with more experienced participants and increased from task to task. With respect to the metrics, the patterns introduce additional volume in the system, but also seem to decrease coupling in some areas. Conclusions Overall, there was no clear evidence for a decisive positive effect of using service-based patterns, neither for the student experiment nor for the metric analysis. This effect might only be visible in an experiment setting with higher initial effort to understand the system or with more experienced developers.

Extracting Social Relationships from Social Software

2012 ◽  
pp. 405-417
Author(s):  
Jürgen Dorn ◽  
Stefan Labitzke
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software System ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

We present an analytical approach to detect relationships between persons in the real world, such as friendship, rivalry, or others, out of the behavior of members in a social software system. In social software systems, users often evaluate submissions of other users. If these actions are somehow biased, we assume a personal relationship between these users. If we know about the relationship between two users, the validity of the evaluation, and with that, the trust into the social software, can be improved. For example, if a rival evaluates a submission unfairly, we should decrease the impact of this evaluation. We apply the approach in TechScreen, a social software system that supports the exchange of knowledge about Internet technologies. Since we try to mine competencies of its users, the validity of evaluations is very important. In this chapter we show results of experiments with about 50 users.

Extracting Social Relationships from Social Software

2014 ◽  
pp. 902-914
Author(s):  
Jürgen Dorn ◽  
Stefan Labitzke
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Social Software ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Software System ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

We present an analytical approach to detect relationships between persons in the real world, such as friendship, rivalry, or others, out of the behavior of members in a social software system. In social software systems, users often evaluate submissions of other users. If these actions are somehow biased, we assume a personal relationship between these users. If we know about the relationship between two users, the validity of the evaluation, and with that, the trust into the social software, can be improved. For example, if a rival evaluates a submission unfairly, we should decrease the impact of this evaluation. We apply the approach in TechScreen, a social software system that supports the exchange of knowledge about Internet technologies. Since we try to mine competencies of its users, the validity of evaluations is very important. In this chapter we show results of experiments with about 50 users.

The Role of the Web Technologies in Connection to the Communication’s Streamlining and Diversification between the Actors of a Learning System

2013 ◽  
pp. 216-236
Author(s):  
Dorin Bocu ◽  
Razvan Bocu ◽  
Bogdan Patrut
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Web Technologies ◽  
Main Ideas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Near Future ◽  
The Web

In this chapter, the authors systematically relate to the question: “What are the main ideas that should be considered when elaborating software Systems for the communication’s streamlining and diversification (CSD) between the actors of a learning system?” The broader perspective within which these ideas are debated is represented by the context that is created through the inception of what, in the specialized literature, is called social media (as a problematic universe) and Web 2.0 (as a fundamental technological universe). Naturally, the authors will not miss some considerations that highlight the impact of the phenomenon “social media” on the information systems of the near future.

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