Hybrid Directional Modulation and Beamforming for Physical Layer Security Improvement Through 4-D Antenna Arrays

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Kejin Chen ◽  
Shiwen Yang ◽  
Yikai Chen ◽  
Shi-Wei Qu ◽  
Jun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Directional Modulation

scholarly journals Directional Modulation Technique Using a Polarization Sensitive Array for Physical Layer Security Enhancement

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (24) ◽  
pp. 5396
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mingnan Le ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jinye Peng
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Polarization Sensitive Array ◽  
Directional Modulation

Directional modulation (DM), as an emerging promising physical layer security (PLS) technique at the transmitter side with the help of an antenna array, has developed rapidly over decades. In this study, a DM technique using a polarization sensitive array (PSA) to produce the modulation with different polarization states (PSs) at different directions is investigated. A PSA, as a vector sensor, can be employed for more effective DM for an additional degree of freedom (DOF) provided in the polarization domain. The polarization information can be exploited to transmit different data streams simultaneously at the same directions, same frequency, but with different PSs in the desired directions to increase the channel capacity, and with random PSs off the desired directions to enhance PLS. The proposed method has the capability of concurrently projecting independent signals into different specified spatial directions while simultaneously distorting signal constellation in all other directions. The symbol error rate (SER), secrecy rate, and the robustness of the proposed DM scheme are analyzed. Design examples for single- and multi-beam DM systems are also presented. Simulations corroborate that (1) the proposed method is more effective for PLS; (2) the proposed DM scheme is more power-efficient than the traditional artificial noise aided DM schemes; and (3) the channel capacity is significantly improved compared with conventional scalar antenna arrays.

scholarly journals Directional Modulation Technique Using a Polarization Sensitive Array for Physical Layer Security Enhancement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mingnan Le ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jinye Peng
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Polarization Sensitive Array ◽  
Directional Modulation

Directional modulation (DM), as an emerging promising physical layer security (PLS) technique at the transmitter side with the help of an antenna array, has developed rapidly over decades. In this study, a DM technique using a polarization sensitive array (PSA) to produce the modulation with different polarization states (PSs) at different directions is investigated. A PSA, as a vector sensor, can be employed for more effective DM for an additional degree of freedom (DOF) provided in the polarization domain. The polarization information can be exploited to transmit different data streams simultaneously at the same directions, same frequency, but with different PSs in the desired directions to increase the channel capacity, and with random PSs off the desired directions to enhance PLS. The proposed method has the capability of concurrently projecting independent signals into different specified spatial directions while simultaneously distorting signal constellation in all other directions. The symbol error rate (SER), secrecy rate, and the robustness of the proposed DM scheme are analyzed. Design examples for single- and multi-beam DM systems are also presented. Simulations corroborate that 1) the proposed method is more effective for PLS; 2) the proposed DM scheme is more power-efficient than the traditional artificial noise aided DM schemes; and 3) the channel capacity is significantly improved compared with conventional scalar antenna arrays.

scholarly journals Directional Modulation Technique Using a Polarization Sensitive Array for Physical Layer Security Enhancement

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Mingnan Le ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jinye Peng
Keyword(s):  
Channel Capacity ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Additional Degree ◽  
Single Beam ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Security Enhancement ◽  
Polarization Sensitive Array ◽  
Directional Modulation

Directional modulation (DM), as an emerging promising physical layer security (PLS) technique at the transmitter side with the help of an antenna array, has developed rapidly over decades. In this study, a DM technique using a polarization sensitive array (PSA) to produce the modulation with different polarization states (PSs) at different directions is investigated. PSA can be employed for more effective DM for an additional degree of freedom provided in the polarization domain. The polarization information can be exploited to transmit different data streams simultaneously at the same directions, same frequency, but with fixed different PSs in the desired directions to increase the channel capacity, and with random PSs off the desired directions to enhance PLS. The proposed method has the capability of concurrently projecting independent signals into different specified spatial directions while simultaneously distorting signal constellation in all other directions. Mathematical analysis and design examples for single-beam and multi-beam DM systems are presented. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method is more effective for PLS and the channel capacity is significantly improved compared with conventional antenna arrays.

scholarly journals Accurate and Efficient Evaluation of Bit Error Rate for Dynamic Directional Modulation for Standard Modulation Schemes

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Josep Parrón ◽  
Edith Cabrera-Hernandez ◽  
Alan Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Bit Error Rate ◽  
Error Rate ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Observation Angle ◽  
Transmitted Power ◽  
Modulation Schemes ◽  
Wireless Transmissions ◽  
Directional Modulation

Directional modulation (DM) has been proposed as a technique to enhance physical layer security of wireless transmissions. In DM, the improvement of security is achieved by increasing the transmitted power in such a way that the bit error rate (BER) is degraded in the observation angles out of the desired secure direction. The performance of DM in terms of BER is typically evaluated by transmitting a stream of symbols for every observation angle, but this approach can be time consuming. In this communication, we propose an approach to evaluate, accurately and efficiently, the BER of dynamic DM (DDM) for standard modulation schemes. Several DDM configurations will be tested to illustrate the benefits and limitations of the evaluation method. The proposed approach is also used to present a non-iterative DDM synthesis with restrictions in the BER response.

scholarly journals On the Implementation of a Dynamic Direction Modulation System with Vector Modulators

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Annette Cabrera-Hernández ◽  
Josep Parron ◽  
Alan Tennant
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Efficient Technique ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Flexible Framework ◽  
Communications System ◽  
Nonideal Behavior ◽  
Directional Modulation

Dynamic directional modulation (DDM) has already proven to be an efficient technique to achieve physical layer security in wireless communications. System architectures based on vector modulators provide a flexible framework to implement synthesis methods that allow us to obtain increased security and/or independent multichannel transmissions. However, the implementation of DDM with vector modulators requires an accurate calibration (amplitude and phase) of every component in the RF path. In this contribution, we study the sensitivity of the response of a DDM system based on commercial vector modulators showing how to correct the nonideal behavior of all the components thanks to the flexibility provided by the vector modulator.

scholarly journals Split Antenna Array in Millimeter Wave for Secure Vehicular Communication

2018 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 02024
Author(s):  
Shah Marjan ◽  
Lin Bai ◽  
Chao Han
Keyword(s):  
Millimeter Wave ◽  
Antenna Arrays ◽  
Physical Layer Security ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Physical Layer ◽  
Directional Antennas ◽  
Phase Shifters ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Artificial Noise ◽  
Vehicular Communication

The small carrier wavelength at millimeter wave (mm-wave) frequencies features a large number of co-located antennas. Wireless networks with directional antennas using beamforming at mm-wave also have potential to provide an enhanced security in the vehicular communication system. Large bandwidth of mm-wave can provide auto drive and safety linked functionalities, However, safety and efficiency of the vehicular transportation system can be jeopardized by many kinds of attacks by eavesdroppers, physical layer security can work as an extra layer of security for wireless communication systems. To secure communication in-between Vehicles, an Analog precoding based physical Layer technique for mm-wave vehicular communication systems is presented in the paper. The proposed technique works by exploiting large Antenna arrays at millimeter waves and provide a secure directional transmission with low power consuming phase shifters and single Radio Frequency Chain. Larger antennas arrays are split into two subsets, one for transmission of data and another for generating noise. The proposed technique offers improved coherent transmission at the legitimate receiver and by introducing artificial noise to the eavesdroppers at random directions. This outcome in low SNR for the eavesdroppers, hence hacking information becomes extremely difficult. Numerical and Simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed technique compared to traditional physical layer security technique and conventional array technique.

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