The impact of intermittent exercise on mouse ethanol drinking and abstinence‐associated affective behavior and physiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel W. Centanni ◽  
Sara Y. Conley ◽  
Joseph R. Luchsinger ◽  
Louise Lantier ◽  
Danny G. Winder
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Affective Behavior ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Kappa-opioid receptor-dependent changes in dopamine and affective behavior occur differentially across the nucleus accumbens shell rostro-caudal axis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Breanne E. Pirino ◽  
Mary B. Spodnick ◽  
Andrew T. Gargiulo ◽  
Genevieve R. Curtis ◽  
Jessica R. Barson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleus Accumbens ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Dopamine Release ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Kappa Opioid Receptor ◽  
Affective Behavior ◽  
Kappa Opioid ◽  
Affective Behaviors ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTNeural circuit engagement within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell is implicated in the regulation of both negative and positive affect. Classically, the dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system in the NAc was believed to promote dysphoric behavior, while dopamine was viewed as interacting with reward behavior, and KOR activation was known to inhibit dopamine release. Recently, however, both the KOR and dopamine systems have, separately, been shown to have differential effects across the rostro-caudal axis of the NAc shell on hedonic responses. Whether or not this is due to interactions between KORs and dopamine, and if it extends to other affective behaviors, remains to be determined. In this study, we examined in rats the relationship between the KOR and dopamine systems in both the rostral and caudal NAc shell using ex vivo fast scan cyclic voltammetry and the impact of KOR activation on affective behavior using approach-avoidance assays. We report here that activation of KORs in the caudal NAc shell significantly inhibits dopamine release, stimulates novelty-induced rearing behavior, increases avoidance behavior, and reduces locomotor activity. In contrast, activation of KORs in the rostral NAc shell inhibits dopamine release to a lesser extent and instead increases approach behavior. Taken together, these results indicate that there is heterogeneity across the rostro-caudal axis of the NAc shell in the effects of KOR stimulation on affective behaviors, and they suggest that this might be due to differences in KOR control over dopamine release.

scholarly journals Exercise-related T-wave oversensing: an underestimated cause of reduced exercise capacity in a pacemaker-dependent patient—a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Albert Topf ◽  
Lukas J. Motloch ◽  
Johannes Kraus ◽  
Franz Danmayr ◽  
Moritz Mirna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Ecg Monitoring ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
T Wave ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Abnormal Rate ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dependent Patient

Abstract A 62-year-old pacemaker-dependent patient presented to our department with a sudden onset of reduced physical capacity. While initial physical and pacemaker evaluations remained without specific findings, Holter-ECG monitoring revealed an abnormal rate response with unusual pauses during physical exercise. Consequently, closer evaluation of the pacemaker system revealed intermittent, exercise-related T-wave oversensing (TWOS). While TWOS remains a significant burden in ICD-patients, it might be an underestimated but clinically significant event in pacemaker patients. Further studies should evaluate the impact of TWOS in this patient population.

scholarly journals The Impact of Aerobic Exercise and Badminton on HDL Cholesterol Levels in Taiwanese Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204
Author(s):  
Yasser Nassef ◽  
Kuan-Jung Lee ◽  
Oswald Ndi Nfor ◽  
Disline Manli Tantoh ◽  
Ming-Chih Chou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
The Impact

Elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been associated with a decreased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). An active lifestyle is necessary to improve HDL-C, including (but not limited to) physical exercise. Research on the association between badminton, an intermittent exercise, and HDL-C is limited. We investigated the impact of aerobic exercise and badminton on HDL-C levels in Taiwanese adults. The sociodemographic data of 7543 participants, comprising 3472 men and 4071 women aged between 30 and 70 years, were retrieved from the Taiwan Biobank. The participants were grouped into three exercise categories—no exercise, aerobic exercise, and badminton exercise. The HDL-C levels were compared using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multivariate linear regression models were used to determine the associations between HDL and exercise. Comparing the other two groups to the no-exercise group, the individuals who were engaged in aerobic and badminton exercise were significantly associated with higher HDL-C levels (β = 1.4077; p < 0.0001 and β = 5.6052; p = 0.0079, respectively). Aerobic exercise and badminton were also associated with higher HDL-C levels among carriers of the lipoprotein lipase (LPL) rs328 genotypes. Aerobic exercise and regular badminton were associated with higher levels of HDL-C, with the badminton group being more significant.

Skeletal muscle ammonia production and repeated, intense exercise in humans

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 484-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Graham ◽  
J. Bangsbo ◽  
B. Saltin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Lactate Production ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Creatine Phosphate ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Phosphates ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Exercise Fatigue ◽  
The Impact

We investigated the impact of repeated, high-intensity exercise on NH3 metabolism using the single-leg knee extensor model. The muscle glycogen level would be lowered by the initial exercise and low glycogen may stimulate NH3 production independent of any other effects of previous exercise. Therefore a high muscle glycogen condition was included in the protocol so that the pre-exercise glycogen concentration would be at least at a normal resting level for the second exercise. The subjects (n = 6) used previous exercise and (or) diet to begin the exercise with either normal (87.0 ± 14.4 mmol/kg wet weight) or high (176.8 ± 22.9 mmol/kg wet weight) glycogen (C and HG, respectively) in the quadriceps. They exercised (Ex1) one leg to exhaustion (140% leg [Formula: see text]), rested 1 h, repeated the exercise (Ex2), and then repeated the protocol with the opposite leg. The exercise durations of Ex1 and Ex2, respectively, for C were 2.82 ± 0.51 and 2.47 ± 0.47 min (p < 0.05) and for HG were 2.92 ± 0.57 and 2.77 ± 0.50 min. The NH3 efflux was reduced (p < 0.05) from Ex1 to Ex2 in both C (516 ± 159 and 250 ± 69 μmol, respectively) and HG (618 ± 233 and 275 ± 124 μmol, respectively). While NH3 efflux was virtually identical between C and HG in both Ex1 and Ex 2, HG consistently had a greater arterial NH3 concentration (p < 0.05). The decreased efflux in Ex2 compared with Ex1 was not due to greater accumulation of muscle NH3. The changes in creatine phosphate and ATP were very similar in all four exercises; however, the reduced NH3 response in Ex2 was associated with less net lactate production and presumably less muscle acidosis.Key words: AMP deaminase, lactate, purine nucleotide cycle, high energy phosphates, intermittent exercise, fatigue, glycogen.

scholarly journals The impact of high-intensity intermittent exercise on resting metabolic rate in healthy males

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (12) ◽  
pp. 3039-3047 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Kelly ◽  
James A. King ◽  
Jonas Goerlach ◽  
Myra A. Nimmo
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Healthy Males

scholarly journals Girls gone wild: Social isolation induces hyperactivity and exploration in aged female mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gregory Sullens ◽  
Kayla Gilley ◽  
Kendall Jensen ◽  
Melanie J. Sekeres
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Elevated Plus Maze ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Affective Behavior ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Plus Maze ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTThe likelihood of experiencing social isolation increases later in life, particularly for females. It remains unknown how late-life social isolation impacts cognition and affective behavior in aged mice. We assessed the impact of late-life social isolation in 18-month old female mice. One month of single-housing did not lead to robust depressive-like symptomology, altered social interaction behavior, or sensitivity to context fear acquisition or memory. Rather, isolation increased hyperactivity and exploration, and reduced anxiety-like behavior in the open field and elevated plus maze, findings that have been similarly observed in young female and male mice following early-life isolation. These findings suggest that hyperactivity is a robust behavior following social isolation across the lifespan.

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