scholarly journals Physical activity and parents of very young children: The role of beliefs and social‐cognitive factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 782-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloise Cowie ◽  
Katherine White ◽  
Kyra Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Very Young Children

scholarly journals To sext or not to sext. The role of social-cognitive processes in the decision to engage in sexting

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1410-1429
Author(s):  
Claire Wilson ◽  
Tommy van Steen ◽  
Christabel Akinyode ◽  
Zara P. Brodie ◽  
Graham G. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Relationship Status ◽  
Injunctive Norm ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Insight Into

Technology has given rise to online behaviors such as sexting. It is important that we examine predictors of such behavior in order to understand who is more likely to sext and thus inform intervention aimed at sexting awareness. We used the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to examine sexting beliefs and behavior. Participants (n = 418; 70.3% women) completed questionnaires assessing attitudes (instrumental and affective), subjective norms (injunctive and descriptive), control perceptions (self-efficacy and controllability) and intentions toward sexting. Specific sexting beliefs (fun/carefree beliefs, perceived risks and relational expectations) were also measured and sexting behavior reported. Relationship status, instrumental attitude, injunctive norm, descriptive norm and self-efficacy were associated with sexting intentions. Relationship status, intentions and self-efficacy related to sexting behavior. Results provide insight into the social-cognitive factors related to individuals’ sexting behavior and bring us closer to understanding what beliefs predict the behavior.

Supporting Students' Intentions to Persist in STEM Disciplines: The Role of Living-Learning Programs Among Other Social-Cognitive Factors

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Soldner ◽  
Heather Rowan-Kenyon ◽  
Karen Kurotsuchi Inkelas ◽  
Jason Garvey ◽  
Claire Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Factors ◽  
Stem Disciplines ◽  
Learning Programs

scholarly journals The Development of Causal Reasoning

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Muentener ◽  
Elizabeth Bonawitz
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Causal Reasoning ◽  
Causal Structure ◽  
Statistical Evidence ◽  
Causal Learning ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
The World

Research on the development of causal reasoning has broadly focused on accomplishing two goals: understanding the origins of causal reasoning, and examining how causal reasoning changes with development. This chapter reviews evidence and theory that aim to fulfill both of these objectives. In the first section, it focuses on the research that explores the possible precedents for recognizing causal events in the world, reviewing evidence for three distinct mechanisms in early causal reasoning: physical launching events, agents and their actions, and covariation information. The second portion of the chapter examines the question of how older children learn about specific causal relationships. It focuses on the role of patterns of statistical evidence in guiding learning about causal structure, suggesting that even very young children leverage strong inductive biases with patterns of data to inform their inferences about causal events, and discussing ways in which children’s spontaneous play supports causal learning.

Enteropathogenic Viruses and Bacteria

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1958 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 606-606
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Double Infection ◽  
Serologic Tests ◽  
Enteropathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Infancy And Childhood ◽  
Enteropathogenic Viruses

This is a revealing and definitive study of the role of enteropathogenic viruses and bacteria in summer diarrhea in infancy and childhood. Seventy-five per cent of the 153 patients studied during the summers of 1955-56 were under 1 year of age. It was possible to associate one of the enteropathogenic viruses or bacteria, or both, in 80% of 97 cases studied in 1956. The large variety of organisms isolated and the serologic tests indicate that summer diarrheal disease in very young children is not an entity but rather a consequence of infections with a large variety of organisms, capable of producing diarrhea and vomiting as clinical manifestations. Enteropathogenic bacteria were incriminated in 22%, viruses in 44% and double infection in 15%.

Coparenting across the Deployment Cycle: Observations from Military Families with Young Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 1447-1469
Author(s):  
Ellen R. DeVoe ◽  
Abigail M. Ross ◽  
Renee Spencer ◽  
Alison Drew ◽  
Michelle Acker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Service Member ◽  
Home Front ◽  
Family Roles ◽  
Very Young Children ◽  
Deployment Cycle ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
Wartime Deployment

Contemporary service members and their partners have adapted their coparenting to respond to the specific transitions and disruptions associated with wartime deployment cycles and evolving child development. This qualitative study draws upon interviews with service member and home front parents of very young children to characterize their coparenting experiences throughout the deployment cycle. Parents described varied approaches as they considered their children’s developmental capacities, the fluidity of demands throughout deployment, and the service member’s well-being during reintegration. A common theme was the key role of home front parents in facilitating the service member–child relationship through communication and maintaining the presence of the deployed parent in the child’s everyday life. Reintegration challenges included redistribution of coparenting roles, the pacing of the service member into family roles, and concerns related to the returning parent’s distress. Study findings highlight areas of coparenting throughout the deployment cycle that can be supported though prevention and intervention efforts.

scholarly journals Neighborhood and Parental Influences on Diet and Physical Activity Behaviors in Young Low-Income Pediatric Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (13) ◽  
pp. 1235-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakiya N. Showell ◽  
Katie Washington Cole ◽  
Katherine Johnson ◽  
Lisa Ross DeCamp ◽  
Megan Bair-Merritt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Racial Ethnic

This study explores the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and caregiver preferences for establishing diet and physical activity behaviors among low-income African American and Hispanic young children (2-5 years). Primary caregivers of young children were recruited from 2 urban pediatric clinics to participate in focus groups (n = 33). Thematic analysis of transcripts identified 3 themes: neighborhood constraints on desired behaviors, caregivers’ strategies in response to neighborhoods, and caregivers’ sense of agency in the face of neighborhood constraints. This study elucidates the dynamic relationship between neighborhoods and caregiver preferences, their interrelated impacts on establishment of diet and physical activity behaviors among young children, and the important role of caregiver agency in establishing behaviors among young children. To effectively address obesity disparities among young children, primary care behavioral interventions must leverage and support such resilient caregiver responses to neighborhood constraints in order to optimally address racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in obesity among young children.

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