scholarly journals Tooth loss is a complex measure of oral disease: Determinants and methodological considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Haworth ◽  
Dmitry Shungin ◽  
So Young Kwak ◽  
Hae-Young Kim ◽  
Nicola X. West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Complex Measure ◽  
Methodological Considerations

scholarly journals Flossing Is Associated with Improved Oral Health in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.T. Marchesan ◽  
K.M. Byrd ◽  
K. Moss ◽  
J.S. Preisser ◽  
T. Morelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hygiene Behavior

The effect of preventive oral habits is largely unexplored in older individuals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between home use of flossing and prevalence of periodontal disease and caries in older adults. Five-year incident tooth loss was also evaluated. Data on 686 individuals ≥65 y-old from the Piedmont 65+ Dental Study were examined including: 1) interproximal clinical attachment level (iCAL), 2) interproximal probing depth (iPD), 3) numbers of caries, and 4) missing teeth. Flossing behavior was evaluated according to the Periodontal Profile Class (PPC) system. Five-year follow-up data ( n = 375) was evaluated for incident tooth loss. Dichotomous and categorical variables were analyzed using Pearson chi-square tests as well as covariate-adjusted Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests. Multiple linear regression compared clinical parameters based on flossing behavior. Elderly flossers had lower (mean, SE) %iCAL≥3 mm (38.2, 2.38 vs. 48.8, 1.56) and %iPD≥4 mm (8.70, 1.41 vs. 14.4, 0.93) compared to nonflossers ( P ≤ 0.005). Flossers showed less coronal caries compared to nonflossers ( P = 0.02). Baseline number of missing teeth (mean, SE) was 11.5 (0.35) in nonflossers compared to 8.6 (0.53) in flossers ( P < 0.0001). Regular dental visitors had lower oral disease levels compared to episodic dental users. The majority of flossers classified into PPC-Stage I (health) whereas nonflossers classified as PPC-Stages V, VI, and VII (disease). At the 5-y follow-up visit, the average tooth loss for flossers was ~1 tooth compared to ~4 teeth lost for nonflossers ( P < 0.0001). Among all teeth, molars showed the highest benefit (>40%) for flossing behavior ( P = 0.0005). In conclusion, the extent of oral disease for older individuals was significantly less in flossers than in nonflossers. Flossers showed less periodontal disease, fewer dental caries, and loss of fewer teeth over a 5-y period. These findings further support flossing as an important oral hygiene behavior to prevent oral disease progression in older adults.

scholarly journals Tooth loss in patients undergoing long-term maintenance at a private dental clinic in Japan: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroo Kawahara ◽  
Miho Inoue ◽  
Kazuo Okura ◽  
Masamitsu Oshima ◽  
Yoshizo Matsuka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Maintenance Therapy ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Term Maintenance

Abstract Background: Tooth loss is generally considered the final outcome of oral disease. This retrospective study was performed to identify risk factors for tooth loss in patients undergoing long-term maintenance therapy. Methods: We surveyed 1145 adult patients who underwent maintenance therapy for ≥5 years after they had undergone active treatment from January 2015 to December 2016 and established a baseline status. The study variables were patient compliance, sex, number of teeth lost, cause of tooth loss, age at start of maintenance, number of remaining teeth at start of maintenance, duration of maintenance, smoking status, use of salivary secretion inhibitors, and diabetes mellitus. Additionally, 57 patients who did not undergo maintenance therapy were surveyed to examine and compare the effects of maintenance therapy. Statistical analyses were performed to assess the correlation of each variable with tooth loss. Results: The average number of teeth lost under maintenance therapy was 0.07/year. Significantly fewer teeth were lost in the maintenance than non-maintenance group. Most of the teeth lost were non-vital teeth, and the most common cause of tooth loss was tooth fracture. Patient age, number of remaining teeth at start of maintenance, use of salivary secretion inhibitors, and diabetes mellitus were related to tooth loss. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this is first large-scale study of tooth loss in patients undergoing long-term maintenance therapy within a general dental clinic. Our findings demonstrate that starting maintenance therapy when patients are younger and possess more teeth may prevent future tooth loss.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Partial Edentulousness and Treatment needs in Rural Population of South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish R Jain
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
South India ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Group I

ABSTRACT Introduction Oral disease creates a major public health burden worldwide and receives inadequate attention in many low- and middle-income countries (WHO 2003). Aim The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of tooth loss and treatment needs of a rural adult population in South India. Materials and methods A descriptive point prevalence survey was conducted in three rural districts of Tamil Nadu, South India. A total of 3,000 subjects with a mean age of 36.2 (standard deviation 13.02) years participated in a clinical examination and interview. They were divided into three groups based on age: Group I — 18 to 30 years, group II — 31 to 50 years, and group III — 51 to 80 years. Results The overall prevalence of tooth loss was 48.7%. The most commonly occurring type of partial edentulousness was Kennedy's class III in maxilla comprising 23.3% followed by mandible 22.1%. Mandibular first molar was the most common missing tooth. The prevalence of tooth loss was more in males (58.2%) than females (41.8%). Group III subjects had the highest incidence of tooth loss. Conclusion The prevalence of tooth loss in South Indian rural population was 48.7%. The most common reason for tooth loss was dental caries which accounted for 50% followed by periodontal reasons 30% and others 10%. Fixed type of prosthesis was the preferred type of restoration for all the individuals with tooth loss, but affordability was the major factor that determined the treatment of the patients. How to cite this article Ashraf J, Jain AR, Ariga P, Nallaswamy D. Prevalence of Partial Edentulousness and Treatment needs in Rural Population of South India. World J Dent 2017;8(3):213-217.

scholarly journals Oral Disease in Relation to Future Risk of Dementia and Cognitive Decline: Prospective Cohort Study Based on the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified-Release Controlled Evaluation (Advance) Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.-D. Batty ◽  
Q. Li ◽  
R. Huxley ◽  
S. Zoungas ◽  
B.-A. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Modified Release ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Controlled Evaluation

AbstractObjectiveExamine the association of oral disease with future dementia/cognitive decline in a cohort of people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsA total of 11,140 men and women aged 55–88 years at study induction with type 2 diabetes participated in a baseline medical examination when they reported the number of natural teeth and days of bleeding gums. Dementia and cognitive decline were ascertained periodically during a 5-year follow-up.ResultsRelative to the group with the greatest number of teeth (more than or equal to 22), having no teeth was associated with the highest risk of both dementia (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.48; 1.24, 1.78) and cognitive decline (1.39; 1.21, 1.59). Number of days of bleeding gums was unrelated to these outcomes.ConclusionsTooth loss was associated with an increased risk of both dementia and cognitive decline.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Literature on Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease in Socio-Economically Disadvantaged Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12360
Author(s):  
Stefano Cianetti ◽  
Chiara Valenti ◽  
Massimiliano Orso ◽  
Giuseppe Lomurno ◽  
Michele Nardone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Tooth Decay ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Socially Disadvantaged

Dental caries and periodontal disease represent a health problem and a social cost for the entire population, and in particular for socio-economically disadvantaged individuals who are less resistant to disease. The aim of this review is to estimate the prevalence and severity of the two dental pathologies, caries and periodontal disease, in the different classes of socio-economically disadvantaged subjects and to understand which of them are most affected. A systematic search of the literature was performed in MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and Web of Science after establishing a suitable search strategy for each database, using keywords related to socio-economically vulnerable classes and health outcomes. Socio-economically disadvantaged individuals are more susceptible to tooth decay and periodontal disease (with relative tooth loss) than non-vulnerable people. Additionally, when multiple vulnerabilities are combined in the same subject, these oral diseases worsen. There is no type of vulnerability more affected by caries and periodontitis than others, since overall they all have severe disease indices. The data from this systematic literature review might be useful for health policy makers looking to allocate more resources and services to socially disadvantaged individuals, resulting in making them more resilient to oral disease due to their social marginalization.

scholarly journals Impacts of Tooth Loss on OHRQoL in an Adult Population in Cape Town, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4989
Author(s):  
Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay ◽  
Carla Cruvinel Pontes ◽  
Usuf M. E. Chikte ◽  
Albert Chinhenzva ◽  
Rajiv T. Erasmus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
The Impact

(1) Background: Tooth loss is an important component of the global burden of oral disease, greatly reducing the quality of life of those affected. Tooth loss can also affect diet and subsequent incidences of lifestyle diseases, such as hypertension and metabolic syndromes. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) score using the oral impacts on daily performance (OIDP) index in relation to tooth loss patterns among adults. (2) Methods: From 2014 to 2016, a cross-sectional study was conducted on adults living in Bellville South, Cape Town, South Africa. The OHRQoL measure was used to evaluate the impact of tooth loss. (3) Results: A total of 1615 participants were included, and 143 (8.85%) had at least one impact (OIDP > 0). Males were less likely to experience at least one impact compared to the females, OR=0.6, 95% C.I.: 0.385 to 0.942, p = 0.026. Those participants who did not seek dental help due to financial constraints were 6.54 (4.49 to 9.54) times more likely to experience at least one impact, p < 0.001. (4) Conclusions: Tooth loss did not impact the OHRQoL of these subjects. There was no difference in the reported odds for participants experiencing at least one oral impact with the loss of their four anterior teeth, the loss of their posterior occlusal pairs, or the loss of their other teeth.

THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN FLOSSING TEETH AND ORAL HEALTH IN ADULTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habit ◽  
The Impact

Background: In older people, the impact of oral habits is largely unknown. The goal of this study was to see if there was a link between flossing at home and the prevalence of periodontal disease in older people. Methodology: The incidence of tooth loss over a five-year period was also examined. Pearson chi-square tests and covariate-adjusted Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel tests were used to evaluate dichotomous and categorical variables. Clinical factors were compared using multiple linear regression depending on flossing practice. Molars exhibited the greatest benefit (>40%) for flossing practice (P = 0.0005) among all teeth. In conclusion, flossers had much less oral illness than non flossers when it came to older people. Over a 5-year period, flossers had decreased periodontal disease, dental caries, and tooth loss. These findings add to the growing body of evidence that flossing is an important oral hygiene habit for older persons who want to avoid the progression of oral disease. Keywords: OHI, interdental cleaning, elderly, prevention, periodontal disease, caries.

Exploring an Association of Demographic, Oral, and Systemic Health Factors Among Patients Attending a Teaching Dental Center

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Farrukh Imran Mian ◽  
Syed Ameer Hamza ◽  
Syed Akhtar Hussain Bokhari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Mobility ◽  
Systemic Health

Background: Updated information on oral health status could be used to monitor oral disease patterns, as widespread variations in oral health outcomes within and between different countries are reported. Aim: The objective was to examine the status of oral and systemic health and their association with demographic characteristics of the population attending a public dental center. Methods: A cross-sectional secondary analysis of the patients’ record was conducted during June 2017 attending the dental center of Madina Teaching hospital Faisalabad, Pakistan. Study variables were analyzed using the t test and the c2 test with a significance level of P ≤ .050. Results: The mean age of the study sample was 31.9 ± 14.5 years; 56% were females; 48% had primary or higher education; 9% were hypertensive; 5% had hepatitis; and 5% diabetes mellitus; 52% were with poor oral hygiene, 68% had dental caries, 84% had no fillings, 27% had tooth loss, and 99% functional dentition; 74% patients had calculus, 67% had gingivitis, and 5% had periodontitis. Age was the strongest risk indicator. Dental caries, tooth loss, poor oral hygiene, gingivitis, periodontitis, and tooth mobility were significantly associated with diabetes mellitus; tooth loss and tooth mobility were associated with cardiac disease; tooth loss, periodontitis, and tooth mobility were associated with hypertension, whereas tooth loss and calculus were associated with hepatitis. Higher age and lower income were positively associated with poor oral hygiene. Conclusion: Age and gender remain to be the strongest predictors for both oral and systemic conditions. Poor oral health and tooth loss showed a strong relationship with chronic systemic conditions.

Maternal Perception of Infants’ Expressions of Emotion

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Krippl ◽  
Stephanie Ast-Scheitenberger ◽  
Ina Bovenschen ◽  
Gottfried Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Response Pattern ◽  
Electrodermal Activity ◽  
Startle Amplitude ◽  
Caregiving System ◽  
Parental Caregiving ◽  
Opponent Process ◽  
Opponent Process Theory ◽  
Valence And Arousal ◽  
Methodological Considerations

In light of Lang’s differentiation of the aversive and the approach system – and assumptions stemming from attachment theory – this study investigates the role of the approach or caregiving system for processing infant emotional stimuli by comparing IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and videos. IAPS pictures, infant pictures, and infant videos of positive, neutral, or negative content were presented to 69 mothers, accompanied by randomized startle probes. The assessment of emotional responses included subjective ratings of valence and arousal, corrugator activity, the startle amplitude, and electrodermal activity. In line with Lang’s original conception, the typical startle response pattern was found for IAPS pictures, whereas no startle modulation was observed for infant pictures. Moreover, the startle amplitudes during negative video scenes depicting crying infants were reduced. The results are discussed with respect to several theoretical and methodological considerations, including Lang’s theory, emotion regulation, opponent process theory, and the parental caregiving system.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document