Revised diagnostic algorithm of magnifying endoscopy with crystal violet staining for non‐ampullary duodenal epithelial tumors

Abstract Objective Postoperative intrapericardial adhesion increases the risk of complications in patients undergoing reoperation. We investigated the effect of a bioabsorbable dextrin hydrogel (DHG) on the formation of intrapericardial adhesions. Methods Intrapericardial adhesion was surgically induced in Japanese white rabbits with DHG treatment (Adh + DHG) or without DHG treatment (Adh). The sham group was not treated with DHG and intrapericardial adhesion was not induced. The extent of intrapericardial adhesion was assessed by adhesion scoring and crystal violet staining of the pericardial cavity. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake assay was performed to assess the proliferative response to the injury in the tissue beneath the intrapericardial adhesion. Results The Adh + DHG group showed looser intrapericardial adhesions compared to the Adh group. The adhesion area of the Adh + DHG group was 4.6 ± 2.2%, whereas that of the Adh group was 32.6 ± 6.4% at the end of the 28-day observation period (p < 0.01). The induction of intrapericardial adhesion resulted in a proliferative response mainly in the cardiac tissue just beneath the adhesion. There were 48.6 ± 10.7 cells/0.1 mm2 BrdU-positive cells in the Adh + DHG group and 135.7 ± 23.8 cells/0.1 mm2 BrdU-positive cells in the Adh group on day 28 (p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings indicate that DHG effectively prevented intrapericardial adhesion in this model.

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Effect of different periods of preconditioning with saliva on Candida albicans adhesion to a denture base resin by crystal violet staining and XTT assay

Journal of Investigative and Clinical Dentistry ◽

10.1111/j.2041-1626.2010.00013.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 114-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Camila Andrade Zamperini ◽

Patrícia Cristiane dos Santos Schiavinato ◽

Ana Lucia Machado ◽

Eunice Teresinha Giampaolo ◽

Ana Claudia Pavarina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Crystal Violet Staining ◽

Xtt Assay ◽

Denture Base ◽

Base Resin ◽

Denture Base Resin

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Green Tea Polyphenols and Padma Hepaten Inhibit Candida albicans Biofilm Formation

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/1690747 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Yosi Farkash ◽

Mark Feldman ◽

Isaac Ginsburg ◽

Doron Steinberg ◽

Miriam Shalish

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Green Tea ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Host Cells ◽

Green Tea Polyphenols ◽

Crystal Violet Staining ◽

Biofilm Inhibition ◽

Therapeutic Concept ◽

Biofilm Development

Candida albicans (C. albicans) is the most prevalent opportunistic human pathogenic fungus and can cause mucosal membrane infections and invade the blood. In the oral cavity, it can ferment dietary sugars, produce organic acids and therefore has a role in caries development. In this study, we examined whether the polyphenol rich extractions Polyphenon from green tea (PPFGT) and Padma Hepaten (PH) can inhibit the caries-inducing properties of C. albicans. Biofilms of C. albicans were grown in the presence of PPFGT and PH. Formation of biofilms was tested spectrophotometrically after crystal violet staining. Exopolysaccharides (EPS) secretion was quantified using confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM). Treated C. albicans morphology was demonstrated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Expression of virulence-related genes was tested using qRT-PCR. Development of biofilm was also tested on an orthodontic surface (Essix) to assess biofilm inhibition ability on such appliances. Both PPFGT and PH dose-dependently inhibited biofilm formation, with no inhibition on planktonic growth. The strongest inhibition was obtained using the combination of the substances. Crystal violet staining showed a significant reduction of 45% in biofilm formation using a concentration of 2.5mg/ml PPFGT and 0.16mg/ml PH. A concentration of 1.25 mg/ml PPFGT and 0.16 mg/ml PH inhibited candidal growth by 88% and EPS secretion by 74% according to CSLM. A reduction in biofilm formation and in the transition from yeast to hyphal morphotype was observed using SEM. A strong reduction was found in the expression of hwp1, eap1, and als3 virulence associated genes. These results demonstrate the inhibitory effect of natural PPFGT polyphenolic extraction on C. albicans biofilm formation and EPS secretion, alone and together with PH. In an era of increased drug resistance, the use of phytomedicine to constrain biofilm development, without killing host cells, may pave the way to a novel therapeutic concept, especially in children as orthodontic patients.

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Antibacterial activity and mechanism of sanguinarine against Providencia rettgeri in vitro

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.9543 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e9543

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Yansi Lyu ◽

Jingkai Huang ◽

Xiaodong Zhang ◽

Na Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Crystal Violet ◽

Membrane Integrity ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Crystal Violet Staining ◽

Providencia Rettgeri ◽

Intracellular Atp ◽

Atp Concentration

Background Sanguinarine (SAG), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, occurs in Papaveraceas, Berberidaceae and Ranunculaceae families. Studies have found that SAG has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities in several malignancies and that it exhibits robust antibacterial activities. However, information reported on the action of SAG against Providencia rettgeri is limited in the literature. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of SAG against P. rettgeri in vitro. Methods The agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SAG against P. rettgeri. The intracellular ATP concentration, intracellular pH (pHin), and cell membrane integrity and potential were measured. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and crystal violet staining were used to measure the antibiofilm formation of SAG. Results The MIC of SAG against P. rettgeri was 7.8 μg/mL. SAG inhibited the growth of P. rettgeri and destroyed the integrity of P. rettgeri cell membrane, as reflected mainly through the decreases in the intracellular ATP concentration, pHin and cell membrane potential and significant changes in cellular morphology. The findings of CLSM, FESEM and crystal violet staining indicated that SAG exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the biofilm formation of P. rettgeri and led to the inactivity of biofilm-related P. rettgeri cells.

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