Persistent posttraumatic headaches and functioning in veterans: Injury type can matter

In early May, 1-m sections of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) roots in a forest cutblock were carefully exposed and examined for damage. Undamaged roots were subjected to one of three wounding treatments (scrape, sever, or uninjured control) and were then reburied to either the full normal organic layer depth or to one third of the normal depth. Following one growing season, the roots were reexposed and assessed for aspen sucker numbers and growth rates. Results indicate that injured roots produced suckers nearly twice as often as uninjured roots. Further, injured roots produced more suckers per root, and these suckers were taller and had greater leaf area. Roots buried under shallow organic layers also generated more suckers, regardless of injury type. The side of injury (distal or proximal) did not affect any of the measured variables. The present study suggests that moderate wounding of aspen roots increases initial sucker numbers and growth rates.Key words: trembling aspen, root sucker, root injury, regeneration.

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Craniomaxillofacial War Injuries in Misrata, Libya

Journal of Dentistry Open Access ◽

10.31487/j.jdoa.2020.02.05 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Abdulhakim W Zaggut ◽

Muhammad M Rahman ◽

Youssef G ◽

Holmes S ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Civil Conflict ◽

Training Intervention ◽

Blast Injuries ◽

Injury Patterns ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

War Injuries ◽

Injury Type ◽

Intensive Training ◽

Austere Environment ◽

The Impact

Injury to the craniomaxillofacial (CMF) area has major implications for mortality and morbidity depending on many factors that influence the level of treatment. In warzones, the extent of CMF injuries is amplified mainly due to the damage caused by bomb blasts. This study presents CMF injury as the result of war incidents to highlight the differences in injury type as well as the impact that an austere environment has on treatment. The author has unique insight and experience of treating CMF injuries in Misrata, Libya, where there is ongoing civil conflict. Surgeons in Libyan hospitals require intensive training intervention to effectively manage gunshot injuries, blast injuries and disasters and while these cases represent an austere environment, conclusions can be drawn for recent incidents involving terrorism. This study presents an analysis of injury patterns of patients presenting with CMF trauma during the Misrata battle of the Libyan conflict in 2011.

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Average medical cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries by type in the USA

Injury Prevention ◽

10.1136/injuryprev-2019-043544 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. injuryprev-2019-043544 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Cora Peterson ◽

Likang Xu ◽

Curtis Florence

Keyword(s):

Medical Care ◽

Medical Cost ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Medical Care Cost ◽

Body Region ◽

Injury Type ◽

Inpatient Settings ◽

The Usa ◽

Multivariable Regression ◽

Fatal Injuries

ObjectiveTo estimate the average medical care cost of fatal and non-fatal injuries in the USA comprehensively by injury type.MethodsThe attributable cost of injuries was estimated by mechanism (eg, fall), intent (eg, unintentional), body region (eg, head and neck) and nature of injury (eg, fracture) among patients injured from 1 October 2014 to 30 September 2015. The cost of fatal injuries was the multivariable regression-adjusted average among patients who died in hospital emergency departments (EDs) or inpatient settings as reported in the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Emergency Department Sample and National Inpatient Sample, controlling for demographic (eg, age), clinical (eg, comorbidities) and health insurance (eg, Medicaid) factors. The 1-year attributable cost of non-fatal injuries was assessed among patients with ED-treated injuries using MarketScan medical claims data. Multivariable regression models compared total medical payments (inpatient, outpatient, drugs) among non-fatal injury patients versus matched controls during the year following injury patients’ ED visit, controlling for demographic, clinical and insurance factors. All costs are 2015 US dollars.ResultsThe average medical cost of all fatal injuries was approximately $6880 and $41 570 per ED-based and hospital-based patient, respectively (range by injury type: $4764–$10 289 and $31 912–$95 295). The average attributable 1-year cost of all non-fatal injuries per person initially treated in an ED was approximately $6620 (range by injury type: $1698–$80 172).Conclusions and relevanceInjuries are costly and preventable. Accurate estimates of attributable medical care costs are important to monitor the economic burden of injuries and help to prioritise cost-effective public health prevention activities.

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Farm Injuries: Animal Most Common, Machinery Most Lethal: An NTDB Study

The American Surgeon ◽

10.1177/000313481908500737 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 85 (7) ◽

pp. 752-756

Author(s):

Karl Damroth ◽

Rachel Damroth ◽

Asad Chaudhary ◽

Anfin Erickson ◽

Liam Heneghan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Injury Severity ◽

Data Bank ◽

Trauma Patients ◽

Age Group ◽

Fatality Rate ◽

P Values ◽

Injury Type ◽

National Trauma ◽

National Trauma Data Bank ◽

Farm Injuries

To characterize both emergency room (ER) and hospital discharge dispositions of patients presenting with farm-related injuries. The 2012 National Trauma Data Bank was queried in August 2017 for injuries occurring on a farm. Patients were stratified by gender, age group, race, Injury Severity Score (ISS), and injury type. We performed logistic regression analysis to correlate parameters with likelihood of discharge home or death. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Five thousand six hundred thirty-one patients were identified, the majority of whom were male (72%) and white (85%). The most common mechanisms of injury included animal-related (29%), followed by falls, vehicles, and other causes. The highest ISSs were seen in vehicular injuries (11% ISS of 251) and the greatest fatality rate was seen in machinery injuries (4%). Four thousand seven hundred fifty-three (84%) patients were admitted to the hospital, and 4056 (72%) were discharged home from the ER or after hospitalization. One hundred thirty patients (2%) died of their farm-related injury. Most patients presenting to the ER with farm-related injuries survive, are admitted to the hospital, and are ultimately discharged home. Few patients die of their injuries. Animal injury is most common and machinery injury most lethal of farm trauma patients presenting to the ER.

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Six out of ten patients with sinus tarsi syndrome returned to pre-injury type of sport after subtalar arthroscopy

Knee Surgery Sports Traumatology Arthroscopy ◽

10.1007/s00167-020-06385-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kenny Lauf ◽

Jari Dahmen ◽

J. Nienke Altink ◽

Sjoerd A. S. Stufkens ◽

Gino M. M. J. Kerkhoffs

Keyword(s):

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Median Time ◽

Outcome Measures ◽

Return To Sport ◽

Injury Type ◽

Sinus Tarsi ◽

Sinus Tarsi Syndrome ◽

Improved Performance

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine multiple return to sport rates, long-term clinical outcomes and safety for subtalar arthroscopy for sinus tarsi syndrome. Methods Subtalar arthroscopies performed for sinus tarsi syndrome between 2013 and 2018 were analyzed. Twenty-two patients were assessed (median age: 28 (IQR 20–40), median follow-up 60 months (IQR 42–76). All patients were active in sports prior to the injury. The primary outcome was the return to pre-injury type of sport rate. Secondary outcomes were time and rate of return to any type of sports, return to performance and to improved performance. Clinical outcomes consisted of Numerous Rating Scale of pain, Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, 36-item Short Form Survey and complications and re-operations. Results Fifty-five percent of the patients returned to their preoperative type of sport at a median time of 23 weeks post-operatively (IQR 9.0–49), 95% of the patients returned to any type and level sport at a median time of 12 weeks post-operatively (IQR 4.0–39), 18% returned to their preoperative performance level at a median time of 25 weeks post-operatively (IQR 8.0–46) and 5% returned to improved performance postoperatively at 28 weeks postoperatively (one patient). Median NRS in rest was 1.0 (IQR 0.0–4.0), 2.0 during walking (IQR 0.0–5.3) during walking, 3.0 during running (IQR 1.0–8.0) and 2.0 during stair-climbing (IQR 0.0–4.5). The summarized FAOS score was 62 (IQR 50–90). The median SF-36 PCSS and the MCSS were 46 (IQR 41–54) and 55 (IQR 49–58), respectively. No complications and one re-do subtalar arthroscopy were reported. Conclusion Six out of ten patients with sinus tarsi syndrome returned to their pre-injury type of sport after being treated with a subtalar arthroscopy. Subtalar arthroscopy yields effective outcomes at long-term follow-up concerning patient-reported outcome measures in athletic population, with favorable return to sport level, return to sport time, clinical outcomes and safety outcome measures. Level of evidence IV.

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A Retrospective Survey of Injuries Occurring in Dogs and Handlers Participating in Canicross

Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1661390 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (05) ◽

pp. 332-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Caitlin Whyle ◽

Pilar Lafuente

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Survey Design ◽

Injury Rate ◽

Complete Recovery ◽

Ankle Injuries ◽

Retrospective Survey ◽

Injury Type ◽

Cross Country ◽

Insight Into

Objectives Canicross is a popular canine and human cross-country sport. The purpose of this study was to identify the most common injuries, their severity, risk factors and the recovery. Methods An internet-based retrospective survey design was used to examine the characteristics of injuries, demographic and competition information and associations with injury rate. Results A total of 160 surveys were received and indicated that at the time of the survey 21.9% of dogs (35/160) had experienced at least one injury. Lacerations, abrasions and punctures were the most common injury type (22/49), most frequently occurring in the footpads of the forelimb (13/16). The majority of dogs (38/49) recovered from their injuries. Sixty-nine out of 147 of the human handlers experienced injuries while competing; ankle injuries (25/69) and bruises, cuts and grazes (20/69) were the most common injuries. Risk factors for injuries were being a purebred Labrador, dogs running with another dog and additionally competing in agility. Conclusions Labradors, dogs running with another dog and dogs also participating in agility competitions were at higher risk for injury. Injuries of the footpads of the forelimb were the most common injuries in dogs. Most dogs had a complete recovery from their injuries. Clinical Significance This is the first study that gives us insight into injuries occurring in dogs and handlers competing in canicross. This will help making recommendations for this sport as well as enable veterinarians to understand the risks and injuries.

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