Efficacy of reciprocating and ultrasonic activation of 6% sodium hypochlorite in the reduction of microbial content and virulence factors in teeth with primary endodontic infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aveiro ◽  
V. M. Chiarelli‐Neto ◽  
A. de‐Jesus‐Soares ◽  
A. A. Zaia ◽  
C. C. R. Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Endodontic Infection

scholarly journals Root Canal Penetration of a Sodium Hypochlorite Mixture Using Sonic or Ultrasonic Activation

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sáinz-Pardo ◽  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Óliver Valencia de Pablo ◽  
Giampiero Rossi-Fedele ◽  
Rafael Cisneros
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Canal Shaping ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The purpose of this ex vivo study was to determine, in "open" and "closed" systems, whether the design has an influence on the penetration length of sodium hypochlorite mixed with a radiopaque contrast medium, measured in millimeters, when delivered using positive pressure (PP) and using sonic (SI) or passive ultrasonic (PUI) activation. Sixty single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups: open and closed systems (n=30). Root canal shaping was performed to a working length of 17 mm. The samples were divided into three sub-groups (n=10) according to irrigant delivery and activation: PP, and SI or PUI activation. By using radiographs, penetration length was measured, and vapor lock was assessed. For the closed group, the penetration distance means were: PP 15.715 (±0.898) mm, SI 16.299 (±0.738) mm and PUI 16.813 (±0.465) mm, with vapor lock occurring in 53.3% of the specimens. In the open group, penetration to 17 mm occurred in 97.6% of the samples, and no vapor lock occurred. Irrigant penetration and distribution evaluation using open and closed systems provide significantly different results. For closed systems, PUI is the most effective in delivering the irrigant to working length, followed by SI.

Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on Organic Tissue Dissolution from Simulated Grooves in Root Canals Using Sodium Hypochlorite with or without Surfactants and EDTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Antonio J. Conde ◽  
Oliver Valencia de Pablo ◽  
Francisco de la Torre ◽  
Giampiero Rossi-Fedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Organic Tissue

Effect of EDTA, Sonic, and Ultrasonic Activation on the Penetration of Sodium Hypochlorite into Simulated Lateral Canals: An In Vitro Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 891-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar de Gregorio ◽  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Rafael Cisneros ◽  
Carlos Heilborn ◽  
Nestor Cohenca
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation

Sodium hypochlorite penetration into dentinal tubules after manual dynamic agitation and ultrasonic activation: a histochemical evaluation

Odontology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Generali ◽  
Erica Campolongo ◽  
Ugo Consolo ◽  
Carlo Bertoldi ◽  
Luciano Giardino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Dentinal Tubules

Effect of sonic and ultrasonic activation on organic tissue dissolution from simulated grooves in root canals using sodium hypochlorite and EDTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 976-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Conde ◽  
R. Estevez ◽  
G. Loroño ◽  
Ó. Valencia de Pablo ◽  
G. Rossi-Fedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Organic Tissue

scholarly journals Efficacy of EDTA and HEDP Chelators in the Removal of Mature Biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis by PUI and XPF File Activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Alejandro Álvarez-Sagües ◽  
Nerea Herce ◽  
Ulises Amador ◽  
Francisco Llinares-Pinel ◽  
Estanislao Nistal-Villan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Untreated Control Group ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Biofilm Removal ◽  
Proper Comparison ◽  
Antibacterial Capacity

Background: Biofilm removal from the root canal during endodontic treatment is necessary to prevent further complications. Irrigation is essential to success. Several irrigants have been proposed without a proper comparison. The aim of the study is to compare the antibacterial capacity of different activated irrigants using passive ultrasonic activation (PUI) or XP-Endo finisher (XPF). Methods: A total of 100 instrumented teeth were incubated in an Eppendorf tube containing 0.5 McFarland of Enterococcus faecalis and incubated for 2 weeks at 37 °C. Roots were divided into 5 groups (n = 20) according to the irrigant type: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (17%), ethydronic acid (HEDP) (9%) mixed with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), EDTA (17%) mixed with 5.25% NaOCl, PBS, and a control group. Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10): PUI and XPF. Results: As compared to the untreated control group, the irrigators included in the study had a significant effect in bacteria reduction. The obtained results show HEDP to be the most effective irrigant, since no bacteria were recovered after treatment of this group, followed by EDTA mixed with NaOCl and, finally, the EDTA-irrigated group. Conclusions: HEDP is the best irrigating agent in combination with XPF or PUI file activation to eliminate bacteria in our experimental model.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Efficacy of Different Irrigating Solutions on Endodontic Pathogens - An In Vivo Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 789-792
Author(s):  
Suneeth Shetty ◽  
Sunil Tejaswi ◽  
Ambikathanya U.K. ◽  
Akanksha Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Tissue Response ◽  
Endodontic Treatment ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Endodontic Infection ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition

BACKGROUND The key to a successful endodontic treatment is to ensure complete eradication of the infection present and to prevent reinfection. This depends on meticulous disinfection using intracanal irrigants. In dentistry the most commonly used irrigant is sodium hypochlorite which has the disadvantages of cytotoxicity and unpleasant taste. The extracts of neem have been used since ages for their medicinal values and used widely for health care. However, the potential use of such an agent for the success of endodontic procedures has not yet been investigated. Hence, if proved effective, such a natural agent will have a dominant hold against the chemical disinfectants in terms of biocompatibility and tissue response. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Q-MIX (2 in 1), 10 % neem (Azadirachta indica), and 2 % sodium hypochlorite on the growth and culture of Enterococcus faecalis and Mutant Streptococcus over a period of 4 weeks. METHODS This is a descriptive study conducted among samples collected from 30 healthy patients who were indicated for pulpectomy. The sample size was taken for convenience. Incisors of these individuals were selected on the basis that they had to undergo endodontic treatment due to primary endodontic infection. The zones of inhibition were measured by agar well diffusion method. Statistical analysis was done using independent T test & chi-square test. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that the mean zones of inhibition in this study were 20.54 mm, 9.65 mm and 4.54 mm for Q-MIX (2 in 1), 10 % neem and 2 % sodium hypochlorite. The significance was greater between Q-MIX (2 in 1) and the other two agents as the P-value was < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS The result indicated Q-MIX (2 in 1) is a more effective root canal irrigant when compared to 10 % neem and 2 % sodium hypochlorite. KEY WORDS Q-MIX (2 in 1), Azadirachta indica, Apical Periodontitis, Enterococcus faecalis

scholarly journals Influence of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid on the Soft Tissue-Dissolving and Gelatinolytic Effect of Ultrasonically Activated Sodium Hypochlorite in Simulated Endodontic Environments

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2531
Author(s):  
Nidambur Vasudev Ballal ◽  
Anja Ivica ◽  
Pamela Meneses ◽  
Raj Kumar Narkedamalli ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Diphosphonic Acid ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Organic Tissue

The addition of Dual Rinse HEDP, an etidronate powder, to a sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution can create a combined single endodontic irrigant with a soft tissue-dissolving and a decalcifying effect, which can replace traditional alternating irrigation with chemically non-compatible solutions. While the short-term compatibility between NaOCl and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) has been shown, it remains unclear whether ultrasonic activation of a combined NaOCl & HEDP solution immediately reduces the available chlorine and/or renders the NaOCl ineffective in dissolving organic tissue remnants. This was tested in three experiments: (1) direct activation in test tubes in an ultrasonic bath and then the activation by an ultrasonically oscillating tip (IrriSafe) in (2) an epoxy resin model containing a simulated isthmus filled with gelatin, and (3) extracted teeth with simulated resorption cavities filled with soft tissue. The control solutions were physiological saline and 2.5% NaOCl without HEDP. In (1), available chlorine after 30 s of ultrasonic activation (37 kHz) of test and control solution was assessed, as well as shrimp tissue weight loss in direct exposure. In (2) and (3), the ultrasonic tip was driven at 1/3 of full power using the respective unit, and areas of removed gelatin from the isthmus and tissue weight loss were used as the outcomes, respectively. Experiment (1) revealed no negative impact by HEDP on available chlorine (1), while all three experiments showed a highly significant (p > 0.001) synergistic effect, which was not hampered by HEDP, between NaOCl and ultrasonic activation regarding tissue weight loss (1, 3) and dissolution of gelatin (2).

scholarly journals ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS CAN SURVIVE EXTREME CHALLENGES - OVERVIEW

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (03) ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
Rahul Halkai ◽  
Mithra N. Hegde ◽  
Kiran Halkai
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Lipoteichoic Acid ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Aggregation Substance ◽  
Endodontic Infection ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Brain Abscesses ◽  
Surface Adhesins

AbstractEnterococcus faecalis is a micro-organism that can survive extreme challenges. Its pathogenicity ranges from life-threatening diseases in compromised individuals to less severe conditions, systemic diseases such as endocarditis, brain abscesses, and septicaemia to infection of obturated root canals with chronic apical periodontitis. This article highlights some of the virulence factors of E. faecalis that may be related to endodontic infections and the periradicular inflammatory response. The most-cited virulence factors are aggregation substance, surface adhesins, sex pheromones, lipoteichoic acid, extracellular superoxide production, the lytic enzymes gelatinase and hyaluronidase, and the toxin cytolysin. Each of them may be associated with various stages of an endodontic infection as well as with periapical inflammation. While some products of the bacterium may be directly linked to damage of the periradicular tissues, a large part of the tissue damage is probably mediated by the host response to the bacterium and its products.

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