scholarly journals Influence of 1-Hydroxyethylidene-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid on the Soft Tissue-Dissolving and Gelatinolytic Effect of Ultrasonically Activated Sodium Hypochlorite in Simulated Endodontic Environments

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2531
Author(s):  
Nidambur Vasudev Ballal ◽  
Anja Ivica ◽  
Pamela Meneses ◽  
Raj Kumar Narkedamalli ◽  
Thomas Attin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Diphosphonic Acid ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Organic Tissue

The addition of Dual Rinse HEDP, an etidronate powder, to a sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution can create a combined single endodontic irrigant with a soft tissue-dissolving and a decalcifying effect, which can replace traditional alternating irrigation with chemically non-compatible solutions. While the short-term compatibility between NaOCl and 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP) has been shown, it remains unclear whether ultrasonic activation of a combined NaOCl & HEDP solution immediately reduces the available chlorine and/or renders the NaOCl ineffective in dissolving organic tissue remnants. This was tested in three experiments: (1) direct activation in test tubes in an ultrasonic bath and then the activation by an ultrasonically oscillating tip (IrriSafe) in (2) an epoxy resin model containing a simulated isthmus filled with gelatin, and (3) extracted teeth with simulated resorption cavities filled with soft tissue. The control solutions were physiological saline and 2.5% NaOCl without HEDP. In (1), available chlorine after 30 s of ultrasonic activation (37 kHz) of test and control solution was assessed, as well as shrimp tissue weight loss in direct exposure. In (2) and (3), the ultrasonic tip was driven at 1/3 of full power using the respective unit, and areas of removed gelatin from the isthmus and tissue weight loss were used as the outcomes, respectively. Experiment (1) revealed no negative impact by HEDP on available chlorine (1), while all three experiments showed a highly significant (p > 0.001) synergistic effect, which was not hampered by HEDP, between NaOCl and ultrasonic activation regarding tissue weight loss (1, 3) and dissolution of gelatin (2).

Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Activation on Organic Tissue Dissolution from Simulated Grooves in Root Canals Using Sodium Hypochlorite with or without Surfactants and EDTA

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 1161-1165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Antonio J. Conde ◽  
Oliver Valencia de Pablo ◽  
Francisco de la Torre ◽  
Giampiero Rossi-Fedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Organic Tissue

Effect of sonic and ultrasonic activation on organic tissue dissolution from simulated grooves in root canals using sodium hypochlorite and EDTA

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 976-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Conde ◽  
R. Estevez ◽  
G. Loroño ◽  
Ó. Valencia de Pablo ◽  
G. Rossi-Fedele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Organic Tissue

scholarly journals Rapid tissue dissolution efficiency of electrically-activated sodium hypochlorite on bovine muscle

2014 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 464-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Furkan Ertugrul ◽  
Murat Maden ◽  
Ekim Onur Orhan ◽  
Sabriye Percin Ozkorucuklu ◽  
Ali Vasfi Aglarca
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Bovine Muscle ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dissolution Efficiency ◽  
Tissue Specimens

ABSTRACT Objective: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is a common antimicrobial and tissue-dissolving irrigant. The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate and compare dissolution capacities of sodium hypochlorite solutions after electrically activation (E-NaOCl) on bovine muscle specimens at various time periods and concentrations. Materials and Methods: Three sodium hypochlorite solutions of 1.25%, 2.5%, and 5% were tested at 3-min. and 5-min. with and without activation by electrically. Distilled water and NaOCl solutions without electrically activation were used as controls. Pieces of bovine muscle tissue (34 ± 2 mg) were placed in 10 mL of each solution at room temperature. In the group of E-NaOCl, electrically activation was performed through the potentiostat. The tissue specimens were weighed before and after treatment, and the percentage of weight loss was calculated. Results: Weight loss of the tissue increased with the concentration of E-NaOCl and NaOCl. Higher concentration and electrically activation considerably enhanced the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite. The effect of electrically activation on tissue dissolution was much greater than that of same concentrations in the groups of NaOCl (P < 0.001). Tissue weight loss was significantly higher in 2.5% and 5% E-NaOCl at 3 min. than in 2.5% and 5% NaOCl at 5 min. (P < 0.05). There were not any significant differences between the 2.5% E-NaOCl and 5% NaOCl at 5 min. (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Electrically activation can improve the tissue-dissolving effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite.

scholarly journals Impact of Experimentally Induced Cognitive Dietary Restraint on Eating Behavior Traits, Appetite Sensations, and Markers of Stress during Energy Restriction in Overweight/Obese Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Morin ◽  
Catherine Bégin ◽  
Julie Maltais-Giguère ◽  
Alexandra Bédard ◽  
André Tchernof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Weight loss has been associated with changes in eating behaviors and appetite sensations that favor a regain in body weight. Since traditional weight loss approaches emphasize the importance of increasing cognitive dietary restraint (CDR) to achieve negative energy imbalance, it is difficult to untangle the respective contributions of energy restriction and increases in CDR on factors that can eventually lead to body weight regain. The present study aimed at comparing the effects of energy restriction alone or in combination with experimentally induced CDR on eating behavior traits, appetite sensations, and markers of stress in overweight and obese women. We hypothesized that the combination of energy restriction and induced CDR would lead to more prevalent food cravings, increased appetite sensations, and higher cortisol concentrations than when energy restriction is not coupled with induced CDR. A total of 60 premenopausal women (mean BMI: 32.0 kg/m2; mean age: 39.4 y) were provided with a low energy density diet corresponding to 85% of their energy needs during a 4-week fully controlled period. At the same time, women were randomized to either a condition inducing an increase in CDR (CDR+ group) or a condition in which CDR was not induced (CRD− group). Eating behavior traits (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and Food Craving Questionnaire), appetite sensations (after standardized breakfast), and markers of stress (Perceived Stress Scale; postawakening salivary cortisol) were measured before (T = 0 week) and after (T = 4 weeks) the 4-week energy restriction, as well as 3 months later. There was an increase in CDR in the CDR+ group while no such change was observed in the CDR− group (p=0.0037). No between-group differences were observed for disinhibition, hunger, cravings, appetite sensations, perceived stress, and cortisol concentrations. These results suggest that a slight increase in CDR has no negative impact on factors regulating energy balance in the context of energy restriction.

scholarly journals Root Canal Penetration of a Sodium Hypochlorite Mixture Using Sonic or Ultrasonic Activation

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sáinz-Pardo ◽  
Roberto Estevez ◽  
Óliver Valencia de Pablo ◽  
Giampiero Rossi-Fedele ◽  
Rafael Cisneros
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
Canal Shaping ◽  
Ex Vivo Study

The purpose of this ex vivo study was to determine, in "open" and "closed" systems, whether the design has an influence on the penetration length of sodium hypochlorite mixed with a radiopaque contrast medium, measured in millimeters, when delivered using positive pressure (PP) and using sonic (SI) or passive ultrasonic (PUI) activation. Sixty single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups: open and closed systems (n=30). Root canal shaping was performed to a working length of 17 mm. The samples were divided into three sub-groups (n=10) according to irrigant delivery and activation: PP, and SI or PUI activation. By using radiographs, penetration length was measured, and vapor lock was assessed. For the closed group, the penetration distance means were: PP 15.715 (±0.898) mm, SI 16.299 (±0.738) mm and PUI 16.813 (±0.465) mm, with vapor lock occurring in 53.3% of the specimens. In the open group, penetration to 17 mm occurred in 97.6% of the samples, and no vapor lock occurred. Irrigant penetration and distribution evaluation using open and closed systems provide significantly different results. For closed systems, PUI is the most effective in delivering the irrigant to working length, followed by SI.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial effect of 2% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine tested by different methods

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Estrela ◽  
Rosane Galhardo Ribeiro ◽  
Cyntia R.A. Estrela ◽  
Jesus Djalma Pécora ◽  
Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Exposure Test ◽  
Agar Diffusion ◽  
Direct Exposure ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test

The objective of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial effect of 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) by agar diffusion test and by direct exposure test. Five microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans, and one mixture of these were used. These strains were inoculated in brain heart infusion (BHI) and incubated at 37ºC for 24 h. For the agar diffusion test (ADT), 18 Petri plates with 20 ml of BHI agar were inoculated with 0.1 ml of the microbial suspensions, using sterile swabs that were spread on the medium, obtaining growth in junction. Fifty-four paper disks (9 mm in diameter) were immersed in the experimental solutions for 1 min. Subsequently, three papers disks containing one of the substances were placed on the BHI agar surface in each agar plate. The plates were maintained for 1 h at room temperature, and then incubated at 37ºC for 48 h. The diameter of microbial inhibition was measured around the papers disks containing the substances. For the direct exposure test, 162 #50 sterile absorbent paper points were immersed in the experimental suspensions for 5 min, and were then placed on Petri plates and covered with one of the irrigant solutions, or with sterile distilled water (control group). After intervals of 5, 10 and 30 min, the paper points were removed from contact with the solutions and individually immersed in 7 ml of Letheen Broth, followed by incubation at 37ºC for 48 h. Microbial growth was evaluated by turbidity of the culture medium. A 0.1 ml inoculum obtained from the Letheen Broth was transferred to 7 ml of BHI, and incubated at 37ºC for 48 h. Bacterial growth was again evaluated by turbidity of the culture medium. Gram stain of BHI cultures was used for verification of contamination and growth was determined by macroscopic and microscopic examination. The best performance of antimicrobial effectiveness of NaOCl was observed in the direct exposure test, and of CHX was observed in the agar diffusion test. The magnitude of antimicrobial effect was influenced by the experimental methods, biological indicators and exposure time.

scholarly journals A literature review on complications and management of use sodium hypochlorite in endodontics

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-193
Author(s):  
Sunny Sharma ◽  
Sonali ◽  
Asusa ◽  
Chander Udhey ◽  
Puneet Kour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Direct Contact ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Root Canal Therapy ◽  
Other Hand

The most commonly used irrigant in the field of endodontics is sodium hypochlorite in the procedure of root canal therapy. Although the use of sodium hypochlorite is quite safe but on the other hand when it comes in to direct contact with the soft tissue, it can result in soft tissue injury.

Are soft tissue composition of bone and non-bone pixels in spinal bone mineral measurements by DXA similar? Impact of weight loss

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Ole Lander Svendsen ◽  
Helle W. Hendel ◽  
Anders Gotfredsen ◽  
Birthe Hojlund Pedersen ◽  
Teis Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Tissue Composition ◽  
Soft Tissue Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral Measurements

Efficacy of reciprocating and ultrasonic activation of 6% sodium hypochlorite in the reduction of microbial content and virulence factors in teeth with primary endodontic infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 604-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aveiro ◽  
V. M. Chiarelli‐Neto ◽  
A. de‐Jesus‐Soares ◽  
A. A. Zaia ◽  
C. C. R. Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Ultrasonic Activation ◽  
Endodontic Infection

Durability of untreated Norway spruce (Picea abies) exposed outdoors above ground for nine years

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bergström ◽  
Å. Rydell ◽  
T. Elowson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Moisture Dynamics

Abstract Moisture dynamics and durability during weather exposure as affected by origin and production method were studied for nine years on 113 untreated spruce samples. The moisture content was measured on 67 occasions. The weight loss was determined for each sample at the end of the sampling period. The most important factors, affecting both moisture content and weight loss, were origin and drying technique. The samples originating from central Sweden had the best durability, followed by the southern stand, while the northern stand had the lowest durability in terms of weight loss. Air-drying had a negative impact on the performance of samples from all three stands, but to different degrees. Samples from the northern stand were most sensitive to air-drying, in terms of both weight loss and moisture content, followed by the southern stand, while the central stand was least sensitive. Why the samples from the northern stand were more sensitive to air-drying and showed the largest weight losses is unknown; it can only be suggested that the origin of the wood can be of importance for the durability.

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