scholarly journals Effect of an exogenous strigolactone GR24 on the antioxidant capacity and quality deterioration in postharvest sweet orange fruit stored at ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma Qiaoli ◽  
Xiong Lin ◽  
Minxuan Zhan ◽  
Zhaoxing Chen ◽  
Hegui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Quality Deterioration ◽  
Orange Fruit

scholarly journals Development of PCR Assays for the Identification of Species and Pathotypes of Elsinoë Causing Scab on Citrus

Plant Disease ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 91 (7) ◽  
pp. 865-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Hyun ◽  
N. A. Peres ◽  
S.-Y. Yi ◽  
L. W. Timmer ◽  
K. S. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Its Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
Specific Primer ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Primer Sets

Two scab pathogens of citrus, Elsinoë fawcettii and E. australis, cause citrus scab and sweet orange scab, respectively, and pathotypes of each species have been described. The two species cannot be readily distinguished by morphological or cultural characteristics and can be distinguished only by host range and the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. In this study, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assays clearly distinguished E. fawcettii and E. australis, and the sweet orange and natsudaidai pathotypes within E. australis also could be differentiated. We developed specific primer sets, Efaw-1 for E. fawcettii; Eaut-1, Eaut-2, Eaut-3, and Eaut-4 for E. australis; and EaNat-1 and EaNat-2 for the natsudaidai pathotype within E. australis using RAPD products unique to each species or pathotype. Other primer sets, Efaw-2 and Eaut-5, which were specific for E. fawcettii and E. australis, respectively, were designed from previously determined ITS sequences. The Efaw-1 and Efaw-2 primer sets successfully identified E. fawcettii isolates from Korea, Australia, and the United States (Florida) and the Eaut-1 to Eaut-5 primer sets identified both the sweet orange pathotype isolates of E. australis from Argentina and the natsudaidai pathotype isolates from Korea. The EaNat-1 and EaNat-2 primer sets were specific for isolates of the natsudaidai pathotype. The Efaw-1 and Efaw-2 primer sets successfully detected E. fawcettii from lesions on diseased leaves and fruit from Korea and primer pairs Eaut-1, Eaut-2, Eaut-3, Eaut-4, and Eaut-5 detected E. australis from lesions on sweet orange fruit from Brazil.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Citrus Canker Lesions Associated with Premature Drop of Sweet Orange Fruit

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrício E. Lanza ◽  
Weber Marti ◽  
Geraldo J. Silva ◽  
Franklin Behlau
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Detachment Force ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
The Relationship

During the development of a citrus fruit, many cycles of infection by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri may occur leading to the development of a range of characteristics of citrus canker lesions scattered across the fruit surface. This study aimed to determine whether the size of the lesions, their distance from the peduncle, and the number and time of appearance of the lesions on fruit of sweet orange were associated with premature fruit drop. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed a negative relationship between the fruit detachment force and the lesion diameter, the proximity of the nearest lesion to the peduncle and the number of lesions. A survival analysis demonstrated that these characteristics significantly influenced the probability and the time that a cankered fruit remained attached to the tree. More than 90% of dropped fruit had large lesions (>5 mm) but not all fruit with large lesions dropped before harvest. Approximately 50% of the harvested fruit had lesions >5 mm. On the harvested fruit remaining on the tree, although large, the lesions had a smaller diameter, were located farther from the peduncle, and were less numerous than those observed on dropped fruit. Small canker lesions neither reduced the detachment force nor the survival of fruit in the tree. The earlier a fruit expressed canker symptoms, the higher the probability the fruit developed large lesions near the peduncle and/or developed lesions in greater numbers. This study provides a better understanding on the relationship between the time of appearance of lesions of citrus canker on fruit and premature fruit drop. This information defines the critical period for fruit protection and may be used to improve disease management.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Balance and Regulation in Tomato Genotypes of Different Color

2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Cristián Vela-Hinojosa ◽  
Héctor B. Escalona-Buendía ◽  
José A. Mendoza-Espinoza ◽  
Juan M. Villa-Hernández ◽  
Ricardo Lobato-Ortíz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Isoprenoid Metabolism ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Lipophilic Antioxidant ◽  
Different Color

Antioxidants, antioxidant capacity, and the expression of isoprenoid metabolism–related genes and two pigmentation-related transcription factors were studied in four native and four hybrid tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) genotypes with different-colored fruit. Red fruit genotypes were associated with greater lycopene, β-carotene, lipophilic antioxidant capacity, and greater chromoplast-specific lycopene β-cyclase (CYC-B) transcript levels. Orange fruit genotypes had greater concentrations of tocopherols and greater transcript levels of homogentisate phytyl transferase (VTE-2), 1-deoxy-D-xylulose phosphate synthase (DXS), and 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). The yellow fruit genotype was greater in total polyphenol and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity with greater expression of geranylgeranyl reductase (GGDR), phytol kinase (VTE-5), phytoene synthase (PSY) 2, lycopene β-cyclase (LCY-B), SlNAC1, and SINAC4. Greater levels of individual antioxidants were associated with specific coloration of tomato fruit. Moreover, the negative correlations between the expression of PSY1 and VTE-5, and between lycopene and chlorophyll, suggest a balance between carotenoids, tocopherols, and chlorophylls. The results of this study support either the direct commercialization of tomatoes with different color fruit or use of their genotypes in breeding programs to increase antioxidant levels among existing cultivars.

scholarly journals Volatile Profile Comparison of USDA Sweet Orange-like Hybrids versus ‘Hamlin’ and ‘Ambersweet’

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1262-1267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhe Bai ◽  
Elizabeth Baldwin ◽  
Jack Hearn ◽  
Randy Driggers ◽  
Ed Stover
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Volatile Analysis ◽  
Volatile Profiles ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Hybrid Lines ◽  
Very High

Six ‘Ambersweet’-derived hybrids, similar to sweet orange fruit size, color, and taste and potential as new sweet orange cultivars, were selected to determine their fruit categorization by comparison of their volatile profiles with the parent and ‘Hamlin’, a typical sweet orange. All hybrids are at least ½ sweet orange and varying amounts of mandarin, grapefruit, Poncirus trifoliata, and sour orange in each pedigree. In total, 135 volatiles were detected in the eight hybrid lines/commercial cultivars over two harvests, and 20 compounds were detected in all samples, including terpenes (limonene, β-myrcene, α-pinene, α-terpinene, α-terpineol, and linalool), esters (ethyl butanote, ethyl pentanoate, and ethyl acetate), aldehydes (acetaldehyde, hexanal, and nonanal), and alcohols (ethanol and hexanol). Total abundance of volatiles in January-harvested fruits averaged 30% higher than for fruits of the same trees harvested in November. ‘Ambersweet’ contained the highest total amount of volatiles (mainly as a result of very high levels of monoterpenes), and of them, nootkatone and six other compounds were not detected in any of the hybrids, and some of them were also not detected in ‘Hamlin’. On the other hand, 12 compounds, including pentanal, ethyl 2-butenoate, and ethyl nonanoate, were not detected in ‘Ambersweet’ but were found in ‘Hamlin’ and some of the hybrids. Cluster analysis separated the cultivar/hybrid and harvest time combinations into three clusters. FF-1-76-50, FF-1-76-52 and January FF-1-75-55, all with the same parents (‘Ambersweet’ × FF-1-30-52), were close to FF-1-65-55, but they were separated from ‘Hamlin’ and further separated from ‘Ambersweet’. The cluster containing ‘Hamlin’ has three subclusters: January ‘Hamlin’ and November FF-1-74-14, a hybrid with one-eighth P. trifoliata, which includes a slight off-flavor frequently found in P. trifoliata hybrids, independent of each other, and both were separated from a group of November ‘Hamlin’, FF-1-64-97, and FF-1-75-55. The cluster containing ‘Ambersweet’ included January FF-1-64-97. A principle component analysis (PCA) separated ‘Ambersweet’ from all hybrids and ‘Hamlin’ along the PC1 axis and separated November harvests from January harvests along PC2. This volatile analysis supports the classification of the hybrids as sweet orange.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal treatment favors peeling of 'Pera' sweet orange fruit and does not alter quality

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecília de Arruda ◽  
Angelo Pedro Jacomino ◽  
Ana Luíza Pinheiro ◽  
Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro ◽  
Michelle Antonio Lochoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Treatment ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Fruit Flavor

Consumer demand for ready-to-eat-products has stimulated the development of new processing techniques to prepare fresh-cut fruit and vegetables. The aim of this study was to propose a peeling method for 'Pera' oranges (Citrus sinensis [L.] Osb.) by using a hydrothermal treatment and to determine its influence on the respiratory activity, physicochemical and sensorial characteristics, as well as on the peeling time. Cooled oranges (6ºC) were immersed in heated water (50ºC) for eight minutes and then, peeled and stored at 6ºC. The internal fruit temperatures taken at 1 and 3 cm depths (from fruit surface) were 15ºC and 10ºC, respectively, at the end of the hydrothermal treatment. Non-hydrothermally-treated peeled oranges were used as control. The peeling time for treated oranges was 3.2 times as short as the time used for the control. The yield of marketable oranges was 95% for hydrothermally-treated oranges versus 60% for control. The respiratory activity of hydrothermally-treated oranges was greater than that of control oranges only during the first hour after peeling. The hydrothermal treatment influenced neither the physicochemical quality (given by soluble solids, titratable acidity and ascorbic acid content) nor fruit flavor. Oranges peeled with the aid of the hydrothermal treatment had better appearance. The hydrothermal treatment makes the peeling of oranges easier and does not affect their respiratory activity or their physicochemical and sensorial qualities.

Dietary addition of lysophospholipids and vitamin C affects growth performance, serum metabolites, antioxidant capacity and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens reared under low ambient temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1557
Author(s):  
Samira Zangeneh ◽  
Mehran Torki ◽  
Alireza Abdolmohammadi ◽  
Aliasghar Saki
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Blood Concentration ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Low Ambient Temperature

Context Evaluating performance of broilers fed diet included feed additives in stress conditions. Aims This study was conducted to investigate the effects of adding lysophospholipids (LPLs) and vitamin C (VC) to diet on growth performance, blood metabolites, antioxidant capacity and carcass traits in broiler chickens reared under low ambient temperature Methods A total of 288 male chicks (Ross 308) were allotted to four treatments with six replicates (n = 12) when they were 1-day-old. Based on a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, four diets including dietary LPLs (0 or 1000 mg/kg) and VC (0 or 500 mg/kg) were formulated. According to the catalogue of LPL product, 100000 kcal/Kg metabolisable energy was considered for LPLs. The house temperature was 32°C during the first week and 30°C for a second week. To induce cold stress, house temperature was decreased to 14°C by the step-down temperature program during the third week and maintained between 12 and 14°C for the rest of the study. Key results Increased feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in chickens fed the LPL-supplemented diet during the first 2 weeks, but there was no significant difference in growth performance between the birds fed LPL-supplemented diet with control during cold stress condition. Decreased feed intake and bodyweight gain were observed in chickens fed VC-supplemented diet compared with control in cold stress condition. Dietary VC decreased blood concentration of triglyceride (TG) and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Decreased activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in breast muscle was observed in chickens fed VC-supplemented diet. A significant interaction between dietary LPLs and VC on relative weight and length of jejunum and ileum were detected. Comparable effects of LPLs and VC on inhibiting lipid peroxidation were observed. The free radical scavenging assay showed higher antioxidant activity of VC compared with LPLs. Conclusions Overall, dietary LPL supplementation did not improve broiler performance in cold stress condition, while the utilisation of 500 mg/kg VC in the ration reduced performance of broilers in low ambient temperature. Implications In low ambient temperature, adding 500 mg/kg VC to diet of broilers can be an effective to reduce blood concentration of TG and VLDL, with no adverse effect on FCR.

A standard area diagram set to aid estimation of the severity of Asiatic citrus canker on ripe sweet orange fruit

2014 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Braido ◽  
Aline M. O. Gonçalves-Zuliani ◽  
Paula T. R. Nocchi ◽  
José Belasque Junior ◽  
Vanderly Janeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Citrus Canker ◽  
Orange Fruit

scholarly journals Transmission of Citrus leprosis virus C by Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) to Alternative Host Plants Found in Citrus Orchards

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 968-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Nunes ◽  
C. A. L. de Oliveira ◽  
M. L. de Oliveira ◽  
E. W. Kitajima ◽  
M. E. Hilf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Brevipalpus Phoenicis ◽  
Orange Fruit ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Citrus Orchards ◽  
Citrus Leprosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Virus C

The equivalent of US$75 million is spent each year in Brazil to control Brevipalpus phoenicis, a mite vector of Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C). In this study, we investigated the possibility that hedgerows and windbreaks normally found in citrus orchards could host CiLV-C. Mites confined by an adhesive barrier were reared on sweet orange fruit with leprosis symptoms then were transferred to leaves of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis, Malvaviscus arboreus, Grevilea robusta, Bixa orellana, and Citrus sinensis. Ninety days post infestation, the descendant mites were transferred to Pera sweet orange plants to verify the transmissibility of the virus back to citrus. Nonviruliferous mites which had no feeding access to diseased tissue were used as controls. Local chlorotic or necrotic spots and ringspots, symptoms of leprosis disease, appeared in most plants tested. Results generated by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for CiLV-C and by electron microscope analyses confirmed the susceptibility of these plants to CiLV-C.

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