The Appreciative System of Urban ICT Policies: An Analysis of Perceptions of Urban Policy Makers

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
GALIT COHEN-BLANKSHTAIN ◽  
PETER NIJKAMP
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Appreciative System

scholarly journals Is Urban Sprawl Decoupled from the Quality of Economic Growth? Evidence from Chinese Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhai Lu ◽  
Danling Chen ◽  
Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
National Level ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chinese Cities ◽  
Technological Efficiency ◽  
Spatial Differences

This paper investigates how urban sprawl and the quality of economic growth interact and further studies the spatial-temporal decoupling characteristics of both. To achieve this, a framework was developed to better explain both the different dimensional effects urban sprawl exerts on the quality of economic growth and their reverse feedback relation. A sample of 285 Chinese cities (2003 to 2016) were analyzed, employing both a decoupling model and spatial correlation analysis. The findings indicated that urban sprawl and the quality of economic growth are related via scale, structure, technological efficiency, and technological progress effects. In practice, with increasing quality of economic growth, the urban sprawl index decreases at the national level. At prefecture-city level, the types of decoupling between urban sprawl and the quality of economic growth showed clear periodical and unbalanced characteristics. Furthermore, decoupling showed a significant agglomeration effect in Chinese cities, which is mainly mediated by the types High-High and Low-Low. This study provides a significant contribution to the relevant acknowledge system by providing a comprehensive theoretical framework toward an understanding of how urban expansion interacts with the quality of economic growth. Furthermore, their decoupling types and spatial differences that are critical for the urban sustainable development have been identified, thus providing several important insights for both academics and urban policy makers.

scholarly journals CHANGING PERIPHERY OF THE BALTIC CITIES: LITHUANIAN CASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matas Cirtautas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
The Baltic

Urban sprawl is one of the dominant types of urban development in the world. Although outer growth started from the outset of cities, urban researchers, planners and policy makers are highly concerned about its current extent. Recent development of the Baltic cities and especially trends of their suburban growth have been analysed only partly, because of the relative novelty of the phenomenon and well-established dominance of western cities in the field. This paper attempts to fill this gap and presents a research on conditions and consequences of extensive development of Lithuanian cities. Evidences from the recent growth of the Baltic cities show that decline and sprawl take place simultaneously in major urban regions with possible long-term consequences on their spatial structure. Therefore, this article advocates a need to revise urban policy in the Baltic countries and promote coordinated development of urban and suburban areas in the context of prevailing negative demographic trends and limited capacity of central and local governments to interfere in urban development processes.

scholarly journals The Smart City is landing! On the geography of policy mobility

GeoScape ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Lucia Hýllová ◽  
Ondřej Slach
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Spatial Level ◽  
City Policy

Abstract The aim of this paper is to provide a geographical urban policy perspective on the strategy of Smart Cities in the specific context of Czechia. Considering that the implementation of the Smart Cities (SC) concept is still relatively young in Czechia, it is highly relevant to examine the time-space diffusion of this concept in Czechia in the geographical lens: where the first initiative to build a smart city started, when the process was started and by whom; in other words, to provide basic empirical evidence of understanding the policy mobility and implementation of smart city policy into the urban development strategies. In the first of our approach, we evaluate the implementation of the term “smart city” in strategic city documents. The next step is the analysis of the strategic urban (city) and smart city documents by distinguishing conceptually distinct pillars of the SC concept and an overview of actors and policy-makers who initiate and support individual pillars of the concept of SC in Czechia. The results of the analysis highlight the differences between the implemented SC topics into city strategies which are caused by fragmented policy mobility, its modifications and influence of key actors who have found the opportunity to participate in policy-making processes at the certain spatial level.

Urban competitiveness in the knowledge economy

2008 ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem van Winden ◽  
Luis Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Economy ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Urban Competitiveness ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Integrative Framework ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy

The chapter focuses on the growing territorial imbalances between urban regions in the light of the sometimes painful transition towards a knowledge-based economy. Drawing from the vast literature on urban competitiveness, it develops an integrative framework to asses and compare urban regions’ performance and assets in the emerging knowledge-based economy. In a second stage, the framework is applied to the Portuguese metropolis of Porto and Lisbon in order to illustrate how the current tendency toward de-industrialisation and knowledge-based development affects different types of cities. Using the framework concepts, the chapter concludes with policy recommendations to support national and urban policy makers towards urban competitiveness enhancement for our cases, whose rationales may constitute lessons to other similar contexts.

scholarly journals Walkable Urban Environments: An Ergonomic Approach of Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (20) ◽  
pp. 8347
Author(s):  
Letizia Appolloni ◽  
Alberto Giretti ◽  
Maria Vittoria Corazza ◽  
Daniela D’Alessandro
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Definition Of

Background. The salutogenicity of urban environments is significantly affected by their ergonomics, i.e., by the quality of the interactions between citizens and the elements of the built environment. Measuring and modelling urban ergonomics is thus a key issue to provide urban policy makers with planning solutions to increase the well-being, usability and safety of the urban environment. However, this is a difficult task due to the complexity of the interrelations between the urban environment and human activities. The paper contributes to the definition of a generalized model of urban ergonomics and salutogenicity, focusing on walkability, by discussing the relevant parameters from the large and variegated sets proposed in the literature, by discussing the emerging model structure from a data mining process, by considering the background of the relevant functional dependency already established in the literature, and by providing evidence of the solutions’ effectiveness. The methodology is developed for a case study in central Italy, with a focus on the mobility issue, which is a catalyst to generate more salutogenic and sustainable behaviors.

Interpretations of sustainability beyond the middle class

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Beasy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Practical Guidance ◽  
Critical Discourses ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractCritical discourses of sustainability challenge modern rhetoric of economic growth and challenge current modes of social development. Yet sustainability discourses are shaped predominantly by the perspectives and interests of middle-class, tertiary-educated urban policy makers or environmentalists, and have insufficiently engaged people beyond these cohorts, even in the advanced capitalist societies where they have originated. This article shares findings from a study that investigated how people who are not strongly engaged with sustainability discourses understand and engage with many of the underlying concerns that animate these discourses from the context of their situated, everyday experiences. This is important information for sustainability educators, because it challenges dominant ideas of what sustainability is and offers new and alternate ways of engaging different groups of people in actions for sustainability. Bourdieu’s concepts of habitus, field and capital were used to inform the research design that employed focus groups and interviews with people from a range of socio-economic and cultural backgrounds and life stages in Tasmania, Australia. The findings provide insight into the ways in which people who are disengaged from discourses of sustainability may be actively engaged in practices of sustainability that may provide practical guidance for environmentalists and policy makers concerning how current discourses of sustainability reflect specific social contexts and experiences.

An Analysis of an Urban Thoroughfare

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P G Hartwick ◽  
J M Hartwick
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Urban Transportation ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Residential Development ◽  
Microeconomic Theory ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Business District

This paper considers the economic impact of an urban transportation thoroughfare emanating from the central business district of a city to agricultural land. Utilizing the elements of microeconomic theory, namely the models of the producer and of the consumer, we have made an analysis of how a residential area develops around a thoroughfare under different assumptions including transportation costs along the thoroughfare, and the technology of producing residential dwellings in the surrounding area. This contribution can be looked upon as the analysis of residential development in a star-shaped city; the focus is on one branch of the star. With the aid of computer graphics, alternative economic landscapes surrounding the thoroughfare are simulated. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the nature of city-forming forces which are generated by the decision making of producers and consumers in spatially defined areas. By demonstrating in the particular case of an urban thoroughfare the powerful city-forming influences of decision making of city dwellers, it is hoped that urban policy makers may be alerted to some different aspects of the ongoing processes of urban change.

Toronto and the ‘Paris problem’: community policing in ‘immigrant neighbourhoods’

Race & Class ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parastou Saberi
Keyword(s):  
Working Class ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Community Policing ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
State Control ◽  
Race Riots ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Police Agencies

Since 2005, references to the ‘Paris problem’ have become increasingly frequent among media pundits, urban policy-makers and police agencies to warn about the malaise of Toronto’s low-income, majority non-White neighbourhoods (referred to as ‘immigrant neighbourhoods’). A reference to the rebellion of the French banlieues against state power in France, the ‘Paris problem’ is code for the spectre of ‘race riots’ in Toronto. Here the author looks at the birth of the ‘Paris problem’ and examines the community policing strategies that were rolled out in its aftermath in Toronto. The article demonstrates how these were intertwined with urban policies of social development to which policing was integral. In this, policing needs to be understood holistically as not just coercive in function, but also as ‘productive’; that is, aimed at the manufacture of consent and ultimately of pacification of unruly populations. Underpinning these processes, and also engendered by them, is a racialised and territorialised security ideology crystallised around the figure of ‘the immigrant’ and the conception of ‘immigrant neighbourhoods’. At the heart of such policy-making is a corralling and containing of poor, working-class, ethnically defined communities – youth in particular – that serves to entrench division while maintaining heavy-handed state control.

scholarly journals EXPLAINING SPATIAL VARIATION IN HOUSING CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY IN TURKEY

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif ALKAY ◽  
Craig WATKINS ◽  
Berna KESKIN
Keyword(s):  
Urban Policy ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Housing Construction ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Central State ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
History Of ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
The Relationship

In Turkey, there has been a strong policy narrative that has emphasized the importance of construction activity as a driver of economic growth. This has given shape to a central state-led policy regime that has sought to ensure that planners and other urban policy makers develop plans and strategies that support construction activity. Against this backdrop, and a recent history of uneven spatial development, this paper seeks to understand what this policy imperative might mean for housing construction activity in different provinces. It seeks to reflect on both the relationship between the state and the market, and the interaction between state policies, economic drivers and levels of construction activity. The evidence presented in the paper suggests that uneven spatial development might be explained in different ways in different provinces. Although, in many cases, patterns of construction activity are consistent with economic fundamentals, there are important exceptions in some regions where arguably activity levels are at odds with prior expectations.

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