A case study of habitat compensation to ameliorate impacts of hydroelectric development: effectiveness of re-watering and habitat enhancement of an intermittent flood overflow channel

2005 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 244-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Scruton ◽  
K. D. Clarke ◽  
M. M. Roberge ◽  
J. F. Kelly ◽  
M. B. Dawe
Keyword(s):  
Hydroelectric Development ◽  
Development Effectiveness ◽  
Habitat Enhancement ◽  
Habitat Compensation ◽  
Overflow Channel

Study on the Variation of Landscape Pattern under the Influence of Hydroelectric Development: A Case Study of Madushan Hydropower Station, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Zi Wen Jin ◽  
He Ping Zeng ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Shi Yi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Pattern ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Hydropower Station ◽  
Hydroelectric Development ◽  
Industrial Land ◽  
3S Technology ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Landscape Types ◽  
Landscape Ecological

Based on 3S Technology, this paper mainly focuses on studying temporal dynamic changes of landscape pattern in the upper reaches of the Madushan of Yunnan Province before and after the construction of Madushan hydropower station. From 2006 to 2011, the woodland area showed a downward trend, while those of some savanna, cropland, bench land, residential land, transportation land and industrial land were in adverse circumstances. The woodland area dropped from 1374.37km 2 to 1230.88 km2 by 10.4% compared to 2006. The water area increased from 6.99 km2 in 2006 to 11.72 km2 in 2011. What's more, some inter-transitions between different landscape types were also frequent, especially for woodland, cropland and savanna. Actually, the integrated variation of landscape degree was 6.2%. And all the landscape types presented a growing trend except for woodland. The fastest trend was 26.3% in industrial land, the slowest trend was 0.4% in cropland. In conclusion, there was an apparent change in the landscape pattern for the study area before and after the hydropower station construction, and this study could be significant for better understanding of the landscape ecological effects of hydropower exploitation.

Stream modifications to enhance system connectivity for fish habitat compensation: a case study in the Barrenlands region of Canada

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 650-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Courtice ◽  
Abul Basar M. Baki ◽  
David Z. Zhu ◽  
Christopher Cahill ◽  
William M. Tonn
Keyword(s):  
Catchment Area ◽  
Rectangular Cross Section ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Fish Passage ◽  
First Year ◽  
Productive Capacity ◽  
Flow Depth ◽  
Lake Catchment ◽  
Habitat Compensation

This study examines stream modification efforts to increase the productive capacity of an isolated system of three small lakes in the Barrenlands region of Arctic Canada by enhancing system connectivity. The lakes’ outlet streams were modified to create conditions favourable for fish passage and thereby promote migration among the lakes and the large lake into which they drain. Gabion step pools (in two streams) and a nature-like choke-and-pool structure (in one stream) were installed. Two years of post-construction hydraulics data were compared to data collected for two years prior to construction to determine the efficacy of the various stream modifications. Initial evaluations indicated unsuccessful performance of gabion step pools, so after the first year, they were retrofitted with boulders to increase flow depth, restrict discharge, improve flow duration, and create unimpeded connections rather than sudden drops. Variation of lake levels and duration, variability, and depth of stream flow indicated that outlet geometry and lake catchment area should be important considerations when enhancing connectivity for fish migration in ephemeral systems. A narrow, rectangular cross-section was deemed effective for increasing flow depth while decreasing discharge, resulting in increased duration of flows. Catchment area was an effective indicator of a headwater lake’s potential response to connectivity enhancements. Smaller catchments may provide inadequate runoff to sustain minimum storage requirements for enhanced connectivity. Our findings should advance the knowledge of headwater system hydraulics in the Barrenlands and assist in designing future fish habitat compensation projects on similar systems.

scholarly journals Decentralised Monitoring in Emerging Local Governments: An Analysis of Benefits and Constraining Factors in the Lawra Municipality, Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-94
Author(s):  
Bernard Afiik Akanpabadai Akanbang ◽  
Cosmas Bekyieriya
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Deviant Behaviour ◽  
Development Interventions ◽  
Building Monitoring ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Development Effectiveness

This paper contributes to the empirical literature on the benefits and constraining factors of monitoring in decentralised governments in emerging democratic governments. Decentralised monitoring has theoretically been recognised as providing comprehensive data for decentralised planning, quality service delivery, enhancing accountability, and assessing development interventions’ effectiveness at the local level. However, empirical evidence on its effectiveness in decentralised governance is still evolving. A case study design encompassing the conduct of 12 key informant interviews was used for the study. Findings show that monitoring supports early identification of problems for their quick resolution; enables shared learning; gives voice to community level stakeholders; checks the deviant behaviour of service providers and enhances efficiency in resource use. Inadequate staffing; scrawny knowledge and skills; derisory logistics; noncompliance to budget and calendar for monitoring and  uncoordinated arrangements in project implementation constrained decentralised monitoring effectiveness. The evidence gathered support thetheoretical arguments for decentralised monitoring and adds to the list of constraining issues in the organisational, human resource and policy factors. The study recommends effervescent advocacy for building monitoring capacity at district level and nurturing political leadership as champions for monitoring in order to get hold of development effectiveness at the local level of governance. Keywords: Decentralised Governments, Monitoring, Decentralised Monitoring, Benefits,Constraints

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

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