New species of the genera Synapseudes and Cyclopoapseudes with notes on morphological variation, postmarsupial development, and phylogenetic relationships within the family Metapseudidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea)

There have been a large number of nomenclatural and taxonomic problems within Lechenaultia, and these are resolved here. A total of 24 names are lectotypified, two neotypes are chosen, a series of misapplied names is elucidated, and L. agrostophylla is synonymised under L. filiformis for the first time. As well, L. brevifolia, L. lutescens and L. papillata are described as new species, and the considerable morphological variation within several of the species is reported in detail. The phylogenetic relationships within the genus are also re-appraised, the sectional delimi- tations are re-defined and section Patentes is described as new.

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Hidden diversity of small predators: new thorny lacewings from mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar (Neuroptera: Rhachiberothidae: Paraberothinae)

Geological Magazine ◽

10.1017/s0016756820000205 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 157 (7) ◽

pp. 1149-1175 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hiroshi Nakamine ◽

Shûhei Yamamoto ◽

Yui Takahashi

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Northern Hemisphere ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Fossil Record ◽

Morphological Structure ◽

Burmese Amber ◽

Size Number ◽

Fossil Records

AbstractThorny lacewings (Rhachiberothidae) are currently distributed only within Africa, whereas they are prevalent in the fossil record of various Cretaceous ambers across the Northern Hemisphere, with a handful of the fossil records from some Eocene European ambers. Four rhachiberothid species in four extinct genera are known from the mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Here, we report further examples of the remarkable palaeodiversity of this group from the same amber deposit, adding the four new fossil genera and seven new species: Acanthoberotha cuspis gen. et sp. nov., Astioberotha falcipes gen. et sp. nov., Stygioberotha siculifera gen. et sp. nov., Uranoberotha chariessa gen. et sp. nov., Creagroparaberotha cuneata sp. nov., Micromantispa galeata sp. nov. and M. spicata sp. nov. Based on a series of well-preserved specimens, we discuss the fine details of the raptorial forelegs and genital segments, which may be important for elucidating the phylogenetic relationships among genera. Our findings reveal an unexpectedly diverse assemblage of thorny lacewings in the Cretaceous System, highlighting the morphologically diverse rhachiberothids in Burmese amber. The discovery of seven additional rhachiberothid species in Myanmar amber suggests the potential for much higher diversity and abundance of the Cretaceous rhachiberothids than previously documented. Furthermore, morphological variation in the raptorial forelegs was found to be extremely diverse among the Burmese amber paraberothines, especially in terms of the size, number and shape of spines (or spine-like setae) on the inner edges of protibia, and the morphological structure of the probasitarsus.

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Systematics of Neotropical microteiid lizards (Gymnophthalmidae, Cercosaurinae), with the description of a new genus and species from the Andean montane forests

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.774.25332 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 774 ◽

pp. 105-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jiří Moravec ◽

Jiří Šmíd ◽

Jan Štundl ◽

Edgar Lehr

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

New Genus ◽

The Other ◽

Slender Body ◽

New Genus And Species ◽

Montane Forests ◽

Study Material ◽

The Family ◽

Phylogenetic Affinities

Cercosaurine lizards (subfamily Cercosaurinae of the family Gymnophthalmidae) represent a substantial component of the reptile fauna in the Neotropics. Several attempts have been made to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships within this group, but most studies focused on particular genera or regions and did not cover the subfamily as a whole. In this study, material from the montane forests of Peru was newly sequenced. In combination with all cercosaurine sequences available on GenBank, an updated phylogeny of Cercosaurinae is provided. Monophyly was not supported for three of the currently recognised genera (Echinosaura, Oreosaurus, and Proctoporus). The genus Proctoporus is formed by five monophyletic groups, which should be used in future taxonomic revisions as feasible entities. Recognition of two previously identified undescribed clades (Unnamed clades 2 and 3) was supported and yet another undescribed clade (termed here Unnamed clade 4), which deserves recognition as an independent genus, was identified herein. Selvasaurabrava, a new genus and new species of arboreal gymnophthalmid lizard is described from the montane forests of the Pui Pui Protected Forest, Provincia de Chanchamayo, Región Junín, Peru. The new species is characterised by its small size (SVL 42.1–45.9 mm), slender body, smooth head shields, presence of paired prefrontal shields, fused anteriormost supraocular and anteriormost superciliary shields, transparent not divided lower palpebral disc, slightly rugose subimbricate rectangular dorsal scales in adults (slightly keeled in juveniles), distinctly smaller but non-granular lateral scales, smooth squared to rectangular ventral scales, and hemipenial lobes large, distinct from the hemipenial body. Phylogenetic affinities of the new genus to the other cercosaurine genera, as well as basal phylogenetic relationships between the other cercosaurine genera remain unresolved.

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Descriptions of four new sponge-inhabiting barnacles (Thoracica: Archaeobalanidae: Acastinae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4277.2.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4277 (2) ◽

pp. 151 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

MENG-CHEN YU ◽

GREGORY A. KOLBASOV ◽

ANDREW M. HOSIE ◽

TSE-MIN LEE ◽

BENNY K.K. CHAN

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Species Complex ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Molecular Approach ◽

Morphological Similarity ◽

West Pacific ◽

Barnacle Species ◽

The Family ◽

High Diversity

Within the family Archaeobalanidae, the sponge-inhabiting barnacles include species from the subfamilies Acastinae and Bryozobiinae as well as from the genus Membranobalanus in the subfamily Archaeobalaninae. Members of these groups are obligatory symbionts of poriferans, but the Acastinae can also be found in association with alcyonaceans and antipatharians. Acasta sulcata Lamarck, 1818, is one of the most widely reported sponge-inhabiting barnacle species, with numerous records across the Indo-West Pacific region revealing significant morphological variation. A combined morphological and molecular approach has revealed high diversity in recent collections of sponge-inhabiting barnacles in Taiwan and Australia, and four new species, namely Acasta aspera sp. nov., Acasta huangi sp. nov., Acasta radenta sp. nov., and Acasta undulaterga sp. nov., have been described here. All four species are morphologically close to A. sulcata, and the morphological similarity between these proposed species has led to the proposal of a “sulcata species complex.”

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A New Species of Andean Gymnophthalmid Lizard (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Peruvian Andes, and Resolution of Some Taxonomic Problems

Diversity ◽

10.3390/d12090361 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 361

Author(s):

Luis Mamani ◽

Juan C. Chaparro ◽

Claudio Correa ◽

Consuelo Alarcón ◽

Cinthya Y. Salas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Taxonomic Status ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Likelihood Method ◽

Peruvian Andes ◽

Phylogenetic Studies ◽

The Family ◽

A New Species

The family Gymnophthalmidae is one of the most speciose lineages of lizards in the Neotropical region. Despite recent phylogenetic studies, the species diversity of this family is unknown and thus, its phylogenetic relationships remain unclear and its taxonomy unstable. We analyzed four mitochondrial (12S, 16S, Cytb, ND4) and one nuclear (c-mos) DNA sequences of Pholidobolus anomalus, Cercosaura manicata boliviana and Cercosaura sp., using the maximum likelihood method to give insights into the phylogenetic relationships of these taxa within Cercosaurinae. Our results suggest that Pholidolus anomalus is nested within the clade of Cercosaura spp., that material we collected near Oxapampa belongs to a new species of Cercosaura, and that lizards identified as Cercosaura manicata boliviana belong to a separate lineage, possibly a new genus. We assign Pholidobolus anomalus to Cercosaura, redescribe the species, and designate a neotype to replace the lost holotype. In addition, we describe the new species of Cercosaura, and comment about the taxonomic status of “Cercosaura manicata boliviana”incertae sedis.

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Description of a new species of Aplectana (Nematoda: Ascaridomorpha: Cosmocercidae) using an integrative approach and preliminary phylogenetic study of Cosmocercidae and related taxa

Parasites & Vectors ◽

10.1186/s13071-021-04667-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hui-Xia Chen ◽

Xiao-Hong Gu ◽

Xue-Feng Ni ◽

Liang Li

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Ribosomal Dna ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Systematic Position ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

The Family ◽

A New Species

Abstract Background Nematodes of the family Cosmocercidae (Ascaridomorpha: Cosmocercoidea) are mainly parasitic in the digestive tract of various amphibians and reptiles worldwide. However, our knowledge of the molecular phylogeny of the Cosmocercidae is still far from comprehensive. The phylogenetic relationships between Cosmocercidae and the other two families, Atractidae and Kathlaniidae, in the superfamily Cosmocercoidea are still under debate. Moreover, the systematic position of some genera within Cosmocercidae remains unclear. Methods Nematodes collected from Polypedates megacephalus (Hallowell) (Anura: Rhacophoridae) were identified using morphological (light and scanning electron microscopy) and molecular methods [sequencing the small ribosomal DNA (18S), internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1), large ribosomal DNA (28S) and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) target regions]. Phylogenetic analyses of cosmocercoid nematodes using 18S + 28S sequence data were performed to clarify the phylogenetic relationships of the Cosmocercidae, Atractidae and Kathlaniidae in the Cosmocercoidea and the systematic position of the genus Aplectana in Cosmocercidae. Results Morphological and genetic evidence supported the hypothesis that the nematode specimens collected from P. megacephalus represent a new species of Aplectana (Cosmocercoidea: Cosmocercidae). Our phylogenetic results revealed that the Cosmocercidae is a monophyletic group, but not the basal group in Cosmocercoidea as in the traditional classification. The Kathlaniidae is a paraphyletic group because the subfamily Cruziinae within Kathlaniidae (including only the genus Cruzia) formed a seperate lineage. Phylogenetic analyses also showed that the genus Aplectana has a closer relationship to the genus Cosmocerca in Cosmocercidae. Conclusions Our phylogenetic results suggested that the subfamily Cruziinae should be moved from the hitherto-defined family Kathlaniidae and elevated as a separate family, and the genus Cosmocerca is closely related to the genus Aplectana in the family Cosmocercidae. The present study provided a basic molecular phylogenetic framework for the superfamily Cosmocercoidea based on 18S + 28S sequence data for the first time to our knowledge. Moreover, a new species, A. xishuangbannaensis n. sp., was described using integrative approach. Graphical abstract

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Description of Basiria khouzestanensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Tylenchidae) from Iran and its phylogenetic relationships with other species in the family

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4563 (3) ◽

pp. 482 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

PAYAM EISVAND ◽

REZA FARROKHI NEJAD ◽

SEDIGHE AZIMI

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Body Contour ◽

The Family ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Basal Bulb ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

Tail Tip ◽

Short Body

Basiria khouzestanensis n. sp., recovered from the rhizosphere of orange in Khouzestan Province, south-western Iran, is described and illustrated based on morphological, morphometric and molecular data. The new species is characterized by having short body length (430–635 µm), lateral fields composed of four incisures, with non areolated bands, cephalic region smooth and continuous with body contour, stylet 9–12.5 µm long, basal bulb short and pyriform to slightly cylindrical, V = 63.3 (58–65.5), spermatheca non-offset, tail elongate-conoid, tail tip with various shapes and males with 16.5 (15–18) μm long spicules. Morphologically, the new species is similar to five known species of the genus: B. babhi, B. brevia, B. graminophila, B. lauta and B. shahidi. Morphological comparisons with these species are discussed. The sequence of the D2–D3 expansion segments of 28S rDNA gene for the new species was also used for molecular phylogenetic analysis. The phylogenetic relationships of the new species in relation to representatives of the family Tylenchidae, obtained from Bayesian inference (BI) analysis of the D2–D3 sequences, are presented and discussed. The new species clusters in a subclade containing three unidentiﬁed species of the genus Basiria from Iran with high support.

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Molecular characterisation and phylogenetic relationships of cystoid nematodes of the family Heteroderidae (Nematoda: Tylenchida)

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003107 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 1065-1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Sergei A. Subbotin ◽

Jerry Akanwari ◽

Chau N. Nguyen ◽

Ignacio Cid del Prado Vera ◽

John J. Chitambar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

North America ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Valid Species ◽

28S Rrna ◽

Molecular Characterisation ◽

The Family ◽

The Usa ◽

Unidentified Species ◽

Its Rrna

The cystoid sedentary nematodes of the Heteroderidae include more than 30 recognised species belonging to from nine to 11 genera, depending on the opinion of the authority. In the present study, we collected nematode populations of species belonging to some of these genera, as well as other cyst-forming species from different locations in the USA, Vietnam, Germany and Russia. The populations of cystoid nematodes represent seven valid species, Atalodera carolynae, Cryphodera sinensis, Meloidodera astonei, M. floridensis, M. mexicana, M. sikhotealiniensis, Rhizonemella sequoiae, two unidentified species of Atalodera, six unidentified species of Cryphodera, and three putative new species of Rhizonemella. We also obtained samples of cyst-forming nematodes that include an unidentified species of Betulodera from California, and Heterodera guangdongensis from Vietnam. A population of Rotylenchulus sp. from Arizona, intercepted in Florida, and a population of an unidentified species of Verutus from Germany were also added to this study. All of these populations were characterised using sequences of the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA or mitochondrial COI genes. A total of 89 new sequences were obtained from these analyses. Phylogenetic relationships within the family Heteroderidae were reconstructed based on the D2-D3 of 28S rRNA, ITS rRNA and mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Results revealed that the subfamily Ataloderinae was paraphyletic. Ekphymatodera thomasoni, a non-cyst-forming species, clustered with the cyst-forming nematodes. Representatives of the subfamily Verutinae formed clades within Heteroderidae. The genus Meloidodera was non-monophyletic and distributed within two clades: i) M. sikhotealiniensis and Cryphodera spp. from Asia and Europe; and ii) M. astonei, M. floridensis and M. mexicana from North America. Based on comparative molecular analysis Meloidodera alni syn. n. is proposed as a junior synonym of M. sikhotealiniensis. Problems of taxonomy and phylogeography of cystoid nematodes are also discussed.

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Curiosimusca, gen. nov., and three new species in the family Aulacigastridae from the Oriental Region (Diptera: Opomyzoidea)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.1009.1.3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 1009 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ALESSANDRA RUNG ◽

WAYNE N. MATHIS ◽

LÁSZLÓ PAPP

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

New Genus ◽

Sister Group ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Oriental Region ◽

The Family ◽

Three New Species

A new genus, Curiosimusca, and three new species (C. khooi, C. orientalis, C. maefangensis) are described from specimens collected in the Oriental Region (Malaysia, Thailand). Curiosimusca is postulated to be the sister group of Aulacigaster Macquart and for the present is the only other genus included in the family Aulacigastridae (Opomyzoidea). Morphological evidence is presented to document our preliminary hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships.

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Taxonomic revision of the moss salamander Nototriton barbouri (Schmidt (Caudata: Plethodontidae), with description of two new species from the Cordillera Nombre de Dios, Honduras

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4196.4.3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4196 (4) ◽

pp. 511

Author(s):

JOSIAH H. TOWNSEND

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Central America ◽

Cytochrome B ◽

Morphological Variation ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Putative Species ◽

Two New Species

Moss salamanders (genus Nototriton) are represented in northern Central America by nine putative species: N. barbouri, N. brodiei, N. lignicola, N. limnospectator, N. mime, N. picucha, N. saslaya, N. stuarti, and N. tomamorum. I estimate the phylogenetic relationships for these species based on data from three mitochondrial gene fragments (16S, cytochrome b, and COI), and compare morphological variation among putative taxa. As evidenced here and in previous studies, the taxon N. barbouri is paraphyletic with respect to populations from the Cordillera Nombre de Dios in northern Honduras. I restrict this taxon to populations from the Sierra de Sulaco in central Yoro, Honduras, and describe two new species from the Cordillera Nombre de Dios.

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