Hepatitis B vaccination: Half dose recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (B-Hepavac II) is as immunogenic as the full recommended dose in healthy adults

Abstract Background An estimated 5–10 % of healthy vaccinees lack adequate antibody response following receipt of a standard three-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimen. The cellular mechanisms responsible for poor immunological responses to hepatitis B vaccine have not been fully elucidated to date. Methods There were 61 low responders and 56 hyper responders involved in our study. Peripheral blood samples were mainly collected at D7, D14 and D28 after revaccinated with a further dose of 20 µg of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine. Results We found low responders to the hepatitis B vaccine presented lower frequencies of circulating follicular helper T (cTfh) cells, plasmablasts and a profound skewing away from cTfh2 and cTfh17 cells both toward cTfh1 cells. Importantly, the skewing of Tfh cell subsets correlated with IL-21 and protective antibody titers. Based on the key role of microRNAs involved in Tfh cell differentiation, we revealed miR-19b-1 and miR-92a-1 correlated with the cTfh cell subsets distribution and antibody production. Conclusions Our findings highlighted a decrease in cTfh cells and specific subset skewing contribute to reduced antibody responses in low responders.

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Immune response to simultaneous administration of a recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine and multiple compulsory vaccines in infancy

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/0264-410x(91)90291-d ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 747-750 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Giuseppe Giammanco ◽

Salvatore Li Volti ◽

Luisa Mauro ◽

Giuseppe Giammanco Bilancia ◽

Isabella Salemi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Recombinant Dna ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Simultaneous Administration

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Risk of Exposure, Perception and Vaccination Status of Chronic Viral Hepatitis among Health Care Workers in Benue State, North Central Nigeria

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN BASIC AND CLINICAL SCIENCES ◽

10.46912/jrbcs.102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 57-62

Author(s):

A S Obekpa ◽

A O Malu ◽

R Bello ◽

M Duguru

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Care Workers ◽

Risk Of Exposure ◽

Needle Prick ◽

Needle Prick Injury

Health care workers are high-risk group for contracting hepatitis B and C virus infections. Hepatitis B and C can be contracted in the hospital setting by needle prick injury, contact with blood (and body fluids) and during invasive medical procedures. This study aims to assess the risk of exposure, the concern or perception of healthcare workers about getting infected (with HBV and/or HCV) from the workplace and the level of HBV vaccination uptake among them. The study was carried out during a capacity building workshop organized for health care workers from all the Local Government Areas in Benue State. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to 168 participants in attendance, after obtaining verbal consent. One hundred and thirty-eight (138) questionnaires were properly filled and returned, 115 (83.3%) have had needle prick injury, 127 (92%) have had blood spilling on them and 118 (85.5%) have been involved in the management of hepatitis patients. One hundred and nineteen (86.2%) were afraid of contracting hepatitis infection from their place of work, 133 (96.4%) were aware of hepatitis B vaccine for adult, 87 (63%) had received at least one dose of hepatitis B vaccine but only 56 (40.6%) received the complete three doses. Health care workers in Benue State are aware of the risk of contracting viral hepatitis at their workplace and are concerned about this risk. However, the uptake of hepatitis B vaccination among them remains poor.

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Effect of a Community-Based Hepatitis B Virus Infection Detection Combined with Vaccination Program in China

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines10010019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Xinyao Liu ◽

Wuqi Qiu ◽

Yan Liang ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Qian Qiu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Vaccination Rate ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Control Groups ◽

Community Based ◽

B Virus ◽

Series Completion ◽

And Control

Evidence on the effectiveness of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection screening and vaccination programs remains rare in China. We used a quasi-experimental method, propensity score matching, to evaluate the effects of a community-based HBV infection detection combined with vaccination (HBVIDV) program in a pilot. Data were retrieved from the HBVIDV program implemented between July 2019 and June 2020. Outcomes were the difference between the treatment and control groups in hepatitis B vaccination (≥1 dose), hepatitis B vaccine series completion (≥3 doses), and serologic evidence of vaccine-mediated immunity. Altogether, 26,180 individuals were included, where 6160 (23.5%) individuals were assigned to the treatment group, and 20,020 (76.5%) individuals were assigned to the control group. After propensity score matching, 5793 individuals were matched. The rates of hepatitis B vaccination, hepatitis B vaccine series completion, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity in the treatment and control groups were 29.0% vs. 17.8%, 22.1% vs. 13.1%, and 38.2% vs. 27.6%, respectively. The HBVIDV program was significantly associated with increased hepatitis B vaccination rate (OR, 1.884, 95% CI 1.725–2.057), hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate (OR, 1.872, 95% CI 1.696–2.065), and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity (OR, 1.623, 95% CI 1.501–1.755). The greater magnitude of association between HBVIDV program and outcomes was observed among adults aged 35–54 years and adults who live in rural areas. The HBVIDV program was effective in increasing the hepatitis B vaccination rate, hepatitis B vaccine series completion rate, and prevalence of vaccine-mediated immunity among adults in the pilot. Further focusing the program on special populations and regions may produce more effective results.

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A Hepatitis B Vaccination Program in a Community Teaching Hospital

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s0195941700067266 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 102-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Myron J. Tong ◽

Ann M. Howard ◽

Gary C. Schatz ◽

Mark A. Kane ◽

Deborah A. Roskamp ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Previous History ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Anamnestic Response ◽

Low Level ◽

B Virus ◽

Fourth Dose ◽

Hb Vaccine

AbstractPrior to offering the hepatitis B (HB) vaccine, a prescreen for hepatitis B virus (HBV) antibodies was conducted in a 565 bed hospital in Pasadena, California. Antibodies to the hepatitis B virus were detected in 14.5% of 1,745 employees tested. There was a significantly higher prevalence in those with a previous history of hepatitis, blood transfusions, exposure to nee-dlesticks, number of years in the same occupation, and in the same hospital work area. Employees of Asian extraction (33.3%) and blacks (23.1%) had a higher prevalence of antibodies to the hepatitis B virus than Hispanics (13.7%) and whites (10.2%). Anti-HBs was detected in 92.6% of 865 employees who received three doses of the hepatitis B vaccine. Only 28.6% of nonresponders receiving a fourth dose of hepatitis B vaccine produced anti-HBs. The nonresponders to the HB vaccine were older (average age 64.9 years) when compared to the responders (average age 37.5 years), and more males failed to produce anti-HBs after vaccination than females. Hepatitis B vaccination of the majority of individuals with either “low level” anti-HBs alone or anti-HBc alone did not elicit an anamnestic response after one dose of vaccine, implying that these “low level” antibodies are nonspecific and do not represent antiviral antibodies. Adverse reactions to the hepatitis B vaccine were minor and included a flulike syndrome, sore arm, and rash and swelling at the injection site. The reasons for nonparticipation were obtained from 179 individuals, and the main issue was concern about safety of the hepatitis B vaccine.

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Hepatitis B vaccination of non-responder hemodialysis patients with recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in combination with n-interleukin-2

Hepatology ◽

10.1016/0270-9139(93)92566-i ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. A261

Author(s):

J VANHATTUM

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Interleukin 2 ◽

Hemodialysis Patients ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽

Recombinant Hepatitis

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IMMUNOGENICITY OF LOW-DOSE INTRAMUSCULAR AND INTRADERMAL VACCINATION WITH RECOMBINANT HEPATITIS B VACCINE

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651997000100004 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Marília Dalva TURCHI ◽

Celina Maria Turchi MARTELLI ◽

Maria Lúcia FERRAZ ◽

Antonio Eduardo SILVA ◽

Divina das Dores de Paula CARDOSO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Recombinant Dna ◽

Standard Dose ◽

Seroconversion Rate ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Antibody Concentration ◽

Intradermal Vaccination ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

The study is a randomized trial using recombinant DNA vaccine to determine whether an intramuscular 10 µg dose or intradermal 2 µg induces satisfactory anti-HBs levels compared to the standard dose of intramuscular 20 µg. participants were 359 healthy medical and nurse students randomly allocated to one of the three groups: Group I - IM 20 µg; Group II - IM 10 µg; Group III - ID 2 µg at 0, 1 and 6 months. Anti-HBs titres were measured after complete vaccine schedule by ELISA/Pasteur. Baseline variables were similar among groups and side effects were mild after any dose. Vaccinees in the IM-10 µg group had seroconversion rate and geometric mean titre (GMT 2344 IU L-1), not significant different from the IM-20 µg group (GMT 4570 IU L-1). On the contrary, 21.4% of the ID - 2 µg recipients mount antibody concentration below 10 IU L1 and GMT of 91 IU L-1, a statiscally significant difference compared with the standard schedule IM-20 µg (p < 0.001). A three dose regimen of half dosse IM could be considered an appropriate schedule to prevent hepatitis B in young health adults which is of relevance to the expansion of hepatitis B vaccine programme

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Immunization aganist hepatitis B in children from endemic zone: evaluation of the antibody response against the DNA recombinant vaccine (Engerix B-20 mcg)

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651993000100013 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 89-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

C.R.B. Ferreira ◽

C.F.T. Yoshida ◽

L.A.C. Mercadante ◽

D.F. Gomes ◽

J.M. Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Antibody Response ◽

Recombinant Dna ◽

Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽

Vaccine Dose ◽

Vaccination Schedule ◽

Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽

Recombinant Hepatitis ◽

The Third ◽

Rural Zone

A previous seroepidemiological study in the rural zone of Vargem Alta (ES) SouthEast of Brazil, showed a prevalence of up to 9% of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in some areas. One hundred susceptible children aging 1 to 5 years old were selected and immunized with a recombinant DNA hepatitis B vaccine (Smith-Kline 20 mcg) using the 0-1-6 months vaccination schedule. Blood samples were collected at the time of the first vaccine dose (month 0) in order to confirm susceptible individuals and 1,3,6 and 8 months after the first dose , to evaluate the antibody response. Our results showed that two and five months after the second dose, 79% and 88% of children seroconverted respectively, reaching 97% after the third dose. The levels of anti-HBs were calculated in milli International Units/ml (mIU/ml) and demonstrated the markedly increase of protective levels of antibodies after the third dose. These data showed a good immunogenicity of the DNA recombinant hepatitis B vaccine when administered in children of endemic areas.

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