Miscanthus biomass production for energy in Europe and its potential contribution to decreasing fossil fuel carbon emissions

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Clifton-brown ◽  
Paul F. Stampfl ◽  
Michael B. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Potential Contribution

scholarly journals Natural climate solutions for Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. eabd6034
Author(s):  
C. Ronnie Drever ◽  
Susan C. Cook-Patton ◽  
Fardausi Akhter ◽  
Pascal H. Badiou ◽  
Gail L. Chmura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Natural Climate ◽  
Fossil Fuel Emissions

Alongside the steep reductions needed in fossil fuel emissions, natural climate solutions (NCS) represent readily deployable options that can contribute to Canada’s goals for emission reductions. We estimate the mitigation potential of 24 NCS related to the protection, management, and restoration of natural systems that can also deliver numerous co-benefits, such as enhanced soil productivity, clean air and water, and biodiversity conservation. NCS can provide up to 78.2 (41.0 to 115.1) Tg CO2e/year (95% CI) of mitigation annually in 2030 and 394.4 (173.2 to 612.4) Tg CO2e cumulatively between 2021 and 2030, with 34% available at ≤CAD 50/Mg CO2e. Avoided conversion of grassland, avoided peatland disturbance, cover crops, and improved forest management offer the largest mitigation opportunities. The mitigation identified here represents an important potential contribution to the Paris Agreement, such that NCS combined with existing mitigation plans could help Canada to meet or exceed its climate goals.

scholarly journals Carbon emissions from fossil fuel consumption of Beijing in 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 114028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Shao ◽  
Dabo Guan ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Yuli Shan ◽  
G Q Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuel Consumption

Future Fossil Fuel Carbon Emissions without Policy Intervention: A Review

2000 ◽  
pp. 171-189
Author(s):  
Jae Edmonds ◽  
Richard Richels ◽  
Marshall Wise
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Policy Intervention

Isothermal Splitting of CO2 to CO Using Cobalt-Ferrite Redox Looping

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Burra ◽  
A. K. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Oxygen Storage ◽  
Co2 Conversion ◽  
Reduction Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Carriers ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources

Abstract Rising atmospheric CO2 levels from significant imbalance between carbon emissions from fossil fuel utilization, especially for energy and chemicals, and natural carbon sequestration rates is known to drive-up the global temperatures and associated catastrophic climate changes, such as rising mean sea level, glacial melting, and extinction of ecosystems. Carbon capture and utilization techniques are necessary for transition from fossil fuel infrastructure to renewable energy resources to help delay the dangers of reaching to the point of positive feedback between carbon emissions and climate change which can drive terrestrial conditions to uninhabitable levels. CO2 captured from the atmosphere directly or from flue gases of a power plant can be recycled and transformed to CO and syngas for use as energy and value-added chemicals. Utilizing renewable energy resources to drive CO2 conversion to CO via thermochemical redox looping can provide a carbon negative renewable energy conversion pathway for sustainable energy production as well as value-added products. Substituted ferrites such as Co-ferrite, Mnferrite were found to be promising materials to aid the conversion of CO2 to CO at lower reduction temperatures. Furthermore, the conversion of these materials in the presence of Al2O3 provided hercynite cycling, which further lowered the reduction temperature. In this paper, Co-ferrite and Co-ferrite-alumina prepared via co-precipitation were investigated to understand their potential as oxygen carriers for CO2 conversion under isothermal redox looping. Isothermal reduction looping provided improved feasibility in redox conversion since it avoids the need for temperature swinging which improves thermal efficiency. These efforts alleviates the energy losses in heat recovery while also reducing thermal stresses on both the materials and the reactor. Lab-scale testing was carried out at 1673 K on these materials for extended periods and multiple cycles to gain insights into cyclic performance and the feasibility of sintering, which is a common issue in iron-oxide-based oxygen carriers. Cobalt doping provided with lowering of reduction temperature requirement at the cost of oxidation thermodynamic spontaneity that required increased oxidation temperature. At the concentrations examined, these opposing phenomenon made isothermal redox operation feasible by providing high CO yields comparable to oxygen carriers in the literature, which were operated at different temperatures for reduction and oxidation. Significantly high CO yields (∼ 750 μmol/g) were obtained from Co-ferrite isothermal redox looping. Co-ferrite-alumina provided lower CO yields compared to Co-ferrite. The oxygen storage was similar to those reported in the literature on isothermal H2O splitting, but with improved morphological stability at high temperature, especially compared to ferrite. This pathway of oxygen carrier development is considered suitable with further requirement in optimization for scaling of renewable CO2 conversion into valuable products.

scholarly journals Combustion of available fossil fuel resources sufficient to eliminate the Antarctic Ice Sheet

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. e1500589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricarda Winkelmann ◽  
Anders Levermann ◽  
Andy Ridgwell ◽  
Ken Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
West Antarctic Ice Sheet ◽  
West Antarctic ◽  
Global Sea Level ◽  
The Antarctic

The Antarctic Ice Sheet stores water equivalent to 58 m in global sea-level rise. We show in simulations using the Parallel Ice Sheet Model that burning the currently attainable fossil fuel resources is sufficient to eliminate the ice sheet. With cumulative fossil fuel emissions of 10,000 gigatonnes of carbon (GtC), Antarctica is projected to become almost ice-free with an average contribution to sea-level rise exceeding 3 m per century during the first millennium. Consistent with recent observations and simulations, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet becomes unstable with 600 to 800 GtC of additional carbon emissions. Beyond this additional carbon release, the destabilization of ice basins in both West and East Antarctica results in a threshold increase in global sea level. Unabated carbon emissions thus threaten the Antarctic Ice Sheet in its entirety with associated sea-level rise that far exceeds that of all other possible sources.

scholarly journals Whose carbon is burnable? Equity considerations in the allocation of a “right to extract”

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 117-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivan Kartha ◽  
Simon Caney ◽  
Navroz K. Dubash ◽  
Greg Muttitt
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
The Political ◽  
Fossil Fuel Combustion ◽  
Energy Services ◽  
Rapid Transition

AbstractCarbon emissions—and hence fossil fuel combustion—must decline rapidly if warming is to be held below 1.5 or 2 °C. Yet fossil fuels are so deeply entrenched in the broader economy that a rapid transition poses the challenge of significant transitional disruption. Fossil fuels must be phased out even as access to energy services for basic needs and for economic development expands, particularly in developing countries. Nations, communities, and workers that are economically dependent on fossil fuel extraction will need to find a new foundation for livelihoods and revenue. These challenges are surmountable. In principle, societies could undertake a decarbonization transition in which they anticipate the transitional disruption, and cooperate and contribute fairly to minimize and alleviate it. Indeed, if societies do not work to avoid that disruption, a decarbonization transition may not be possible at all. Too many people may conclude they will suffer undue hardship, and thus undermine the political consensus required to undertake an ambitious transition. The principles and framework laid out here are offered as a contribution to understanding the nature of the potential impacts of a transition, principles for equitably sharing the costs of avoiding them, and guidance for prioritizing which fossil resources can still be extracted.

scholarly journals Carbon Leakage Along with the Green Paradox Against Carbon Abatement? A Review Based on Carbon Tax

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-44
Author(s):  
Sahin Akkaya ◽  
Ufuk Bakkal
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Carbon Leakage ◽  
Carbon Abatement ◽  
Green Paradox ◽  
Global Carbon

AbstractResearch background: Insufficient global cooperation in carbon pricing against global warming has the risk of global carbon emissions rise because of carbon leakage. The effect of a carbon tax on the present supply of fossil fuels is also valuable in regard to global carbon emissions.Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain more insights into the effects of carbon leakage along with the green paradox on global carbon emissions by reviewing the relevant literature.Research methodology: We provide the problem linked to carbon leakage and the green paradox in the introduction. Then, the effects of carbon leakage and the green paradox on global carbon emissions are elaborated separately. Finally the mutual effects of carbon leakage and the green paradox are reviewed comprehensively.Results: It is seen that various factors like interest rates, fossil fuel extraction costs, the fossil fuel reserves to be discovered in the future and carbon tax incidence are equally important determinants in regard to global carbon emissions.Novelty: This study provides an insight into the mutual effects of carbon leakage and the green paradox on global carbon emissions by reviewing the primary literature in the field.

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Tithonia diversifolia dengan Dosis Pupuk Kandang dan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Lia Desyrakhmawati ◽  
Maya Melati ◽  
Suwarto , ◽  
Wiwik Hartatik
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Organic Farming System ◽  
Planting Distance

Mexican sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) is a invansive weed but it can be used as continuous and on-farm source of nutrient for organic farming system. The objective of this study was to investigate growth and biomass production of T. diversifolia with different rates of chicken manure and plant spacings. The experiment was conducted at Cikarawang, Bogor, on Inceptisol soil type, from October 2011 until January 2012. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The rates of chicken manure were  0, 2.5, 5 and 10 ton ha-1, while the plant spacings were 50 cm x 50 cm and 75 cm x 75 cm. The interaction effect between manure rates and plant spacing was significant on nett assimilation rate at 4-8 weeks after planting, but it was not significant on biomass production. The highest dry weight of biomass (1,129.1 kg ha-1) was obtained from the addition of 10 ton chicken manure ha-1 with the potential contribution as much as 55.47 kg N, 4.54 kg P, 88.54 kg K per hectare. The highest dry weight of biomass produced with planting distance 50 cm x 50 cm (897 kg ha-1). Referring to the results, it can be recommended that the cultivation of T. diversifolia at the first planting needs 10 ton chicken manure ha-1 and the planting distance of 50 cm x 50 cm.<br />Keywords: biomass production, Mexican sun flower, nett assimilation ratio, nutrient contributio, weed

scholarly journals Dematerialization Through Services: Evaluating the Evidence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Fix
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Fossil Fuel Consumption ◽  
Provision Of Services ◽  
Sustainability Policy ◽  
Service Transition

Dematerialization through services is a popular proposal for reducing environmental impact. The idea is that by shifting from the production of goods to the provision of services, a society can reduce its material demands. But do societies with a larger service sector actually dematerialize? I test the `dematerialization through services' hypothesis with a focus on fossil fuel consumption and carbon emissions --- the primary drivers of climate change. I find no evidence that a service transition leads to carbon dematerialization. Instead, a larger service sector is associated with greater use of fossil fuels and greater carbon emissions per person. This suggests that `dematerialization through services' is not a valid sustainability policy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document