An Examination Between Single-Parent Family Background and Drunk Driving in Adulthood: Findings From The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort

Chapter 4 examines the ways in which the circumstances and dynamics of a family can affect the decisions and behavior of its members, including decisions leading to jihadism. Regarding Europeans jihadis, in many cases the analysis of their family background sheds light on their radicalization. Some configurations, such as the single-parent family or stepfamily, play a role in young people’s radicalization, particularly broken families, especially among Muslims living in ghettoized neighborhoods. Some people used family as the setting for their violent action: brothers, sisters, cousins, and, more exceptionally, fathers or mothers. For others, coming from broken families, jihadi violence was a continuation of family violence. In some cases, members of crisis-stricken families (brothers, cousins) were reconciled through their joint participation in jihadi action. Three types of families in crisis can be mentioned: the headless patriarchal family, the neo-traditional family, and the stepfamily. All of them are marked by the crisis of authority in the home, which can lead to feelings of guilt (self-blame) or injustice. These feelings, in some cases, can contribute to a person’s involvement in jihadism. One can also distinguish jihadi “fratriarchy” (brotherhood), and “jihadophile” families.

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Parental separation and offspring morbidity in adulthood: a descriptive study of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966

Scandinavian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/14034948211014296 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 140349482110142

Author(s):

Heidi Varis ◽

Maria Hagnäs ◽

Ilona Mikkola ◽

Tanja Nordström ◽

Katri Puukka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Single Parent ◽

Parental Separation ◽

Single Parent Family ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Study Population ◽

Drug Problems ◽

Offspring Health

Aims: Rates of parental separation have increased dramatically in recent decades. We evaluated the association of individuals’ childhood family structure with their somatic health over 46 years of follow-up. Methods: Data were drawn from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort, an ongoing project in which 12,058 participants born in 1966 have been followed from their 24th gestational week. Based on information supplied at age 14 years, family structure was categorised as ‘single-parent family’ and ‘two-parent family’. The anthropometric information, data from blood samples and medical history were collected from postal questionnaires and clinical examinations routinely performed at the ages of 31 and 46 years. Results: The study population comprised a total of 10,895 individuals; 85% ( n=9253) were offspring of two-parent families and 15% ( n=1642) of single-parent families. Type 2 diabetes ( P=0.032) or prediabetes ( P=0.007), psychoactive drug problems ( P<0.001) and sexually transmitted diseases ( P<0.001) were more common in the single-parent family group than in the participants from two-parent families. In addition, among men back diseases ( P=0.002), and among women hypertension ( P=0.003) and ovary infection ( P=0.024) were more frequent in individuals affected by parental death than in those from two-parent families. Conclusions: Our results indicate the association of childhood family structure with offspring morbidity during 46 years’ follow-up. The lifetime morbidity was observed to be higher among offspring from a single-parent family compared to two-parent family offspring. Public and scientific concern about the consequences of parental separation on the offspring’ health exist, therefore support from healthcare professionals and society is warranted.

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Increased risk of violent recidivism among adult males is related to single-parent family during childhood: the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Study

Journal of Forensic Psychiatry ◽

10.1080/09585180127392 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 539-548 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Outi Koskinen ◽

Anu Sauvola ◽

Pauliina Valonen ◽

Helinä Hakko ◽

Marjo-Riitta Järvelin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Single Parent ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Adult Males ◽

Single Parent Family ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Violent Recidivism

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Hospital-Treated Psychiatric Disorders in Adults with a Single-Parent and Two-Parent Family Background: A 28-Year Follow-up of the 1966 Northern Finland Birth Cohort

Family Process ◽

10.1111/j.1545-5300.1998.00335.x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 335-344 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

TARU MAKIKYRO ◽

ANU SAUVOLA ◽

JUHA MORING ◽

JUHA VEIJOLA ◽

PENTTI NIEMINEN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Disorders ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Family Background ◽

Single Parent

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Childhood Family Structure and Personality Disorders in Adulthood

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.11.005 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 205-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

L. Kantojärvi ◽

M. Joukamaa ◽

J. Miettunen ◽

K. Läksy ◽

A. Herva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Personality Disorders ◽

Family Environment ◽

Family Background ◽

Population Sample ◽

Single Parent ◽

Family Type ◽

Only Child ◽

Single Parent Family ◽

The 1960S

AbstractBackground.The association between childhood family structure and sociodemographic characteristics and personality disorders (PDs) in a general population sample was studied.Methods.This study is a substudy of the prospective Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort Project with 1588 young adult subjects. The case-finding methods according to the DSM-III-R criteria for PDs were: (1) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) for 321 cases who participated in a 2-phase field study, (2) Finnish Hospital Discharge Register data, and (3) analysis of the patient records in public outpatient care in 1982–1997. Statistical analyses were performed on the association between PDs and family background factors.Results.Altogether 110 (7.0%) of the subjects had at least one probable or definite PD. After adjusting for confounders (gender, parental social class and parental psychiatric disorder) the results indicated that single-parent family type in childhood was associated with cluster B PDs in adulthood. Being an only child in childhood was associated with cluster A PDs. No special childhood risk factors were found for cluster C PDs.Conclusions.Results suggest that single-parent family type at birth and being an only child in the 1960s are associated with PD in adulthood. Further studies are needed to explore the psychosocial aspects of family environment which may nowadays promote vulnerability to PDs in adulthood.

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Drunk Drivers’ Willingness to Use and to Pay for Designated Drivers

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13105362 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 5362

Author(s):

Rong-Chang Jou ◽

Li-Wun Syu

Keyword(s):

Traffic Safety ◽

Family Background ◽

Drunk Driving ◽

Motor Vehicles ◽

Drinking Habits ◽

Car Accidents ◽

Drunk Drivers ◽

Double Hurdle ◽

The Government ◽

Willingness To Use

While drunk driving accidents, which are a serious problem in Taiwan, have decreased in recent years, cases of drunk driving continue to emerge endlessly, and are a source of traffic risks even when the accidents cause no injuries. In order to prevent drunk driving and reduce car accidents, the government has made laws stricter, and has vigorously promoted “designated drivers”. As the concept of designated drivers is not common in Taiwan, this study mainly explores drunk drivers’ understanding of designated drivers in Nantou County and Taichung City, and investigates the willingness of drunk drivers to use and to pay for designated driving services. This study conducted a questionnaire survey on the drunk drivers of the drunk driving and traffic safety training course held at the Motor Vehicles Office. Double-hurdle and tobit models were applied to investigate the issues mentioned above. According to the test results, the tobit model was superior to the double-hurdle model. The estimation results indicated that distance, age, income, family conditions, and drinking habits influence the willingness to use and to pay for designated drivers. Gender, age, family background, and experience in designated driving cause differences in the willingness to use designated drivers in the two regions. It is expected that the conclusion of this study could provide a direction and reference for the future improvement of designated driving services.

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