A comparison of three methods of mounting a linear variable displacement transducer on an instrumented tablet machine

1979 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 471-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ho ◽  
J. F. Barker ◽  
J. Spence ◽  
T. M. Jones
2022 ◽  
Vol 2153 (1) ◽  
pp. 012003
Author(s):  
N Afanador-Garcia ◽  
G Guerrero-Gomez ◽  
R Gallardo-Amaya

Abstract In this research project,the deformations in the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing steel of a reinforced concrete beam with 2ϕ½” were estimated.Additionally,the displacements in thecenter of thespanweremeasuredtogether with theloads, which generatedthecrackingof the beam of dimensions180 mm×240 mm×3100 mm.Displacement were performed using a linear variable displacement transducer, and strain gauges were used to measure deformations. Finally, the applied load’s measurements were obtained with a load cell Pinzuar/Model-100/20T equipment.The physical-mechanical properties of the concreteused were determined through compressive strength tests at 28 days and modulus of elasticity.For this purpose, a load-bearing frame was used to support the beam at three points for load application.The data was collected directly on the Quantum/X2 equipment and analyzed with the help of the Catman/AP software.The maximum deformations found in the bending test at three point since there inforced concrete beam we are not greater than 8483µm/mm,presenting a failure in the center of the beam due to the creep of the tensile steel for a maximum load of 3115 Kg.Finally,the physical behavior of there inforced concrete beam with applying aload allows evaluating and optimizing this kind of systems.


1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 428-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Ribnick

A method employing a linear variable displacement transducer has been adapted to measure the thermal shrinkage of oriented yarns of nylon 66. The thermal shrinkage of this material has been found to be viscoelastic in that nonlinear functions of time, temperature, and stress are required to describe the shrinkage. The activation energy has been estimated to be 40 kcal per mole, which is partly explainable by a dissociation of the hydrogen bonds in the amide groups.


1969 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 742-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Ribnick

Measurements have been made with a linear variable-displacement transducer of the thermal shrinkage of an oriented polyester yarn in dry nitrogen as a function of time, temperature, and stress. The shrinkage of this material has been found to be nonlinear with respect to these three variables. A modified form of the Tobolsky and Eyring creep-rate equation has been found to describe the temperature and stress dependence. The activation energy for the process has been estimated to be 55.6 kcal/mole and the displacement volume to be 810 Å3. Interpretation of these experimental results appears to support a recently proposed model that thermal shrinkage of oriented semicrystalline polymers is a reflection of a structural transformation between extended-chain and folded-chain crystallites.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
Tri Handayani ◽  
Yudi Irawadi

Pada makalah ini disajikan analisis lendutan balok beton dari sebuah gedung. Analisa dilakukan menggunakan software berbasis finite element method (FEM) dan eksperimental dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis tumpuan dan tipe penampang balok terhadap lendutan.Dalam analisis menggunakan software FEM dilakukan perhitungan lendutan menggunakan persamaan lendutan balok pada dua tumpuan dengan asumsi sebagai penampang balok biasa dan penampang balok T. Selain itu, juga diperhitungkan kondisi tumpuan yaitu sebagai tumpuan sederhana dan tumpuan jepit-jepit. Dalam evaluasi secara eksperimental dilakukan uji beban terhadap balok beton yang bersangkutan sesuai SNI 2847 2013. Sebagai beban uji adalah air dan sebagai pengukur lendutan adalah linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT). Perhitungan lendutan di tengah bentang dengan software berbasis FEM dengan asumsi balok T dan tumpuan jepit-jepit menghasilkan lendutan untuk balok C 1-2 sebesar 1,652 mm dan untuk balok 2 A-B sebesar 1,987 mm. Lendutan netto di tengah bentang hasil uji beban untuk balok C 1-2 adalah sebesar 1,263 mm dan untuk balok 2 A-B adalah sebesar 1,625 mm. Dengan demikian pada eksperimen ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa lendutan balok beton hasil evaluasi menggunakan software FEM melalui perhitungan dengan asumsi penampang balok T dengan kondisi tumpuan jepit-jepit adalah yang paling mendekati lendutan hasil evaluasi secara eksperimental melalui uji beban


2008 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
Ranjan Rajoo ◽  
Erich H. Kisi ◽  
D.J. O'Connor

This paper presents data obtained from a newly-developed instrument to test the quality of solder interconnections at high strain rate – the ‘micro-impactor’. This shear test of the interconnection at high strain rate mimics the stress experienced by the solder joint when undergoing shock due to drop-impact. Instrumented with a load cell and linear variable displacement transducer (LVDT), it also has the ability to provide dynamic impact force and displacement data. Earlier concepts to characterise the solder joint at high strain rates such as the miniature pendulum impact tester [1] lacked this capability. This micro-impactor was used to study the effect of increasing silver (Ag) and copper (Cu) concentration in solder alloys on the shear strength of the solder joint. The performance of these lead-free alloys was also compared to that of the well-established leaded solder. It was found that increasing the silver content increases the yield strength of the solder, causing the failure to occur at the brittle intermetallic layer instead of in the bulk of the solder.


2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 1540-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiana Kashefi ◽  
Abdul Hamid Sheikh ◽  
Michael C Griffith ◽  
MS Mohamed Ali ◽  
Kazuo Tateishi

Static and vibration characteristics of thin-walled straight and curved box beams were investigated experimentally. Three different beam configurations were considered for the tests: one straight and two curved box beams. The load was applied at the centroid of the box section for the straight and one curved beam specimens. However, for the other curved specimen, the load was applied eccentrically to investigate its behavior under the additional torsion induced by the eccentricity. Displacements and strains were obtained using linear variable displacement transducer, one-directional and rosette strain gages. The specimens were excited using an impact at their free ends. The time history of strains was obtained to calculate natural frequencies and damping ratios. The experiment results were compared with those obtained from three-dimensional finite element analysis for all cases. The results obtained from implementing tests on the straight specimen were also used to validate an efficient numerical method recently developed by the authors.


1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Mabuchi ◽  
Kazunori Hayatsu ◽  
Hiromichi Fujie ◽  
Makoto Yamamoto

A falling-weight impact tester was developed specifically to evaluate the tensile characteristics of animal joints at high elongation rates. The tensile force and elongation in the ligaments of the canine stifle joint were measured using a force transducer, a linear variable displacement transducer, and a digital storage oscilloscope. Stiffness and elongation rates were determined at 1 mm and at 2 mm elongation. The stiffness was calculated as the slope of the force-elongation curve, and the elongation rate was calculated as the slope of the elongation-time curve. Results demonstrated that stiffness in the canine stifle joints was not affected by the rate of elongation in the 0.1 to 1.0 m/s range.


Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros K. Nikolaidis ◽  
Elisabeth A. Koulaouzidou ◽  
Christos Gogos ◽  
Dimitris S. Achilias

Nanotechnology comprises a promising approach towards the update of dental materials.The present study focuses on the reinforcement ofdental nanocomposite resins with diverse organomodified montmorillonite (OMMT) nanofillers. The aim is to investigate whether the presence of functional groups in the chemical structure of the nanoclay organic modifier may virtually influence the physicochemical and/or the mechanical attitude of the dental resin nanocomposites. The structure and morphology of the prepared materials were investigated by means of wide angle X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the variation of the degree of conversion over time. Measurements of polymerization shrinkage and mechanical properties were conducted with a linear variable displacement transducer apparatus and a dynamometer, respectively. All the obtained nanocomposites revealed intercalated structures and most of them had an extensive filler distribution into the polymer matrix. Polymerization kinetics werefound to be influenced by the variance of the clay organomodifier, whilenanoclays with vinyl groups considerably increased the degree of conversion. Polymerization shrinkage was almost limited up to 50% by incorporating nanoclays. The absence of reactive groups in the OMMT structure may retain setting contraction atlow levels. An enhancement of the flexural modulus was observed, mainly by using clay nanoparticles decorated with methacrylated groups, along with a decrease in the flexural strength at a high filler loading. The overall best performance was found for the nanocomposites with OMMTs containing double bonds. The significance of the current work relies on providing novel information about chemical interactions phenomena between nanofillers and the organic matrix towards the improvement of dental restorative materials.


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