scholarly journals Effects of exercise and lifestyle modification on fitness, insulin resistance, skeletal muscle oxidative phosphorylation and intramyocellular lipid content in obese children and adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. McCormack ◽  
M. A. McCarthy ◽  
S. G. Harrington ◽  
L. Farilla ◽  
M. I. Hrovat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

scholarly journals Intramyocellular Lipid Content in Human Skeletal Muscle*

Obesity ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling ◽  
Matthijs K.C. Hesselink ◽  
Patrick Schrauwen ◽  
Marianne Eline Kooi
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

scholarly journals Increased intramyocellular lipid content but normal skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity throughout the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 3947-3955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk M. De Feyter ◽  
Ellen Lenaers ◽  
Sander M. Houten ◽  
Patrick Schrauwen ◽  
Matthijs K. Hesselink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Mitochondrial Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

scholarly journals Effect of Dexamethasone on Glucose Tolerance and Fat Metabolism in a Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 149 (2) ◽  
pp. 758-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Gounarides ◽  
Marion Korach-André ◽  
Karen Killary ◽  
Gregory Argentieri ◽  
Oliver Turner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid Content

Prolonged exposure to elevated glucocorticoid levels is known to produce insulin resistance (IR), a hallmark of diabetes mellitus. Although not fully elucidated, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which glucocorticoids induce IR may provide potential targets for pharmacological interventions. Here we characterized muscle lipid metabolism in a dexamethasone-aggravated diet-induced obesity murine model of IR. Male C57BL/6 mice on a high-fat diet for 2 months when challenged with dexamethasone showed elevated food consumption and weight gain relative to age and diet-matched animals dosed with saline only. Dexamethasone treatment impaired glucose tolerance and significantly increased the intramyocellular lipid content in the tibialis anterior muscle (TA). A good correlation (r = 0.76, P < 0.01) was found between accumulation in intramyocellular lipid content in the TA and visceral adiposity. The linoleic acid (18:2) to polyunsaturated acid ratio was increased in the dexamethasone-treated animals (+29%; P < 0.01), suggesting a possible increase in stearoyl-CoA desaturase 2 activity, as reported in Sertoli cells. The treatment was also accompanied by a reduction in the percent fraction of ω-3 and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in the TA. Analysis of the low-molecular-weight metabolites from muscle extracts showed that there was no dysregulation of muscle amino acids, as has been associated with dexamethasone-induced muscle proteolysis. In conclusion, dexamethasone-induced insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice is associated with a profound perturbation of lipid metabolism. This is particularly true in the muscle, in which an increased uptake of circulating lipids along with a conversion into diabetogenic lipids can be observed.

Abstract P088: Obesity, Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in a Primary Pediatric Setting in Southern Italy

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giampaolo De Filippo ◽  
Domenico Rendina ◽  
Domenico Viggiano ◽  
Antonio Fasolino ◽  
Paola Sabatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Campania Region

Background: Obesity is the main risk factor for essential hypertension (EH) in childhood. The O.Si.Me. study (Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents) evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constitutive traits in a sample of obese children and adolescents living in Campania, southern Italy. Patients and methods: Four hundred and fifteen children and adolescents consecutively referred to the National Health Service participating Outpatient Clinics for minor health problems and found to have a Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score > 2.0 were enrolled in the study. The entire sample was screened for MetS, which was defined as the presence of at least 2 of the following alterations in addition to obesity: fasting hyperglycemia, low levels of high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and EH. The present analysis evaluated the clinical characteristics of the O.Si.Me subgroup of EH participants (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age, gender and height) as compared with normotensive participants. Results: The prevalence of EH in the O.Si.Me population was 23.6 % (98/415, 48M and 50F.) and two-thirds of the EH participants met the MetS diagnostic criteria. The EH participants featured serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels significantly higher compared with normotensive ones (11.6±0.6 vs. 9.5±0.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.014; 2.6±0.1 vs. 2.2±0.1, p = 0.028 for insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively). These differences were common to boys and girls and remained significant after correction for age, pubertal stage, body weight, length, BMI, gestational age at birth, duration of breastfeeding and anthropometric parental parameters. Accordingly, children and adolescents with EH had a a relative risk of being insulin resistant (defined as a HOMA-IR ≥2.5) significantly greater compared to those without. Moreover, they exhibited higher serum creatinine levels (53.8±7.1 vs. 35.4±6.8 μmol/l, p=0.025) accounting for gender and body weight. Conclusions: More than a quarter of obese children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EH in the Campania region in southern Italy. These obese boys and girls have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and apparently an initial reduction in renal function compared with obese children and adolescents with normal BP.

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