Yield response of wheat grown under periodic heat stress imposed by using mini heat tents

Abstract. Agricultural production and food prices are affected by hydroclimatic extremes. There has been a growing amount of literature measuring the impacts of individual extreme events (heat stress or water stress) on agricultural and human systems. Yet, we lack a comprehensive understanding of the significance and the magnitude of the impacts of compound extremes. This study combines a fine-scale weather product with outputs of a hydrological model to construct functional metrics of individual and compound hydroclimatic extremes for agriculture. Then, a yield response function is estimated with individual and compound metrics, focusing on corn in the United States during the 1981–2015 period. Supported by statistical evidence, the findings suggest that metrics of compound hydroclimatic extremes are better predictors of corn yield variations than metrics of individual extremes. The results also confirm that wet heat is more damaging than dry heat for corn. This study shows the average yield damage from heat stress has been up to four times more severe when combined with water stress.

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Global crop yield response to extreme heat stress under multiple climate change futures

Environmental Research Letters ◽

10.1088/1748-9326/9/3/034011 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 034011 ◽

Cited By ~ 261

Author(s):

Delphine Deryng ◽

Declan Conway ◽

Navin Ramankutty ◽

Jeff Price ◽

Rachel Warren

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Extreme Heat ◽

Yield Response ◽

Extreme Heat Stress

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Australian rice varieties vary in grain yield response to heat stress during reproductive and grain filling stages

Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science ◽

10.1111/jac.12312 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 205 (2) ◽

pp. 179-187 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fawad Ali ◽

Daniel L.E. Waters ◽

Ben Ovenden ◽

Peter Bundock ◽

Carolyn A. Raymond ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Grain Filling ◽

Yield Response ◽

Rice Varieties

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The Effect of Water Stress Combined with a Heatwave on Reproduction and Yield of Roma-VF Tomatoes

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019036012 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Amuji

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Water Stress ◽

Heat Waves ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Extreme Weather Events ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Yield Response ◽

High Plasticity

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is one of the most consumed fruits, supplying humanity with both economic and nutritional benefits. However, its production is affected significantly by climatic conditions especially extreme weather events, such as heat waves, flooding and drought. The objective of this study was to evaluate the additively combined effects of heat and water stresses on the reproductive traits and yield of Roma-VF tomato variety. Pollen morphology, number of developed flowers, fruits and aerial biomass were monitored. At five weeks after sowing, the tomato plants were subjected to day/night temperatures of 28/20 °C as a control treatment and 35/23 °C as the heat stress treatment. The water stress was imposed by reducing the water received by plants in each 10-L plastic pot to 70% soil field capacity (moderate stress) and 40% (severe stress). The stress lasted for eight weeks, which was followed by five weeks of recovery period. Our results showed that plants under additively combined heat stress with either moderate or severe water stress produced flowers with no single pollens during the treatment period. We also found that Roma-VF tomato has a high plasticity in response to this particular heat stress for vegetative growth when well irrigated, but when heat and water stresses were additively combined the plants became highly susceptible. This is also the first report of yield response of Roma-VF tomatoes to the additively combined effect of heat and water stressors.

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Periodic Heat Stress Licenses EMSCs Differentiation Into Osteoblasts via YAP Signaling Pathway Activation

10.21203/rs.3.rs-675330/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

wentao shi ◽

zhe wang ◽

Lu Bian ◽

yiqing wu ◽

huiya mei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Osteogenic Differentiation ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Transglutaminase 2 ◽

Direct Effects ◽

Pathway Activation ◽

Periodic Heat ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Large Bone ◽

Large Bone Defects

Abstract BackgroundThe repair and regeneration of large bone defects represent a highly challenging task for bone tissue engineering. Although recent studies have shown that osteogenesis is stimulated by periodic heat stress, the thermal regulation of the osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) is not well studied. Methods and resultsIn this study, the direct effects of periodic heat stress on the differentiation of EMSCs into osteoblasts were investigated. EMSCs derived from rat nasal respiratory mucosa were seeded in culture plates, followed by 1 h of heat stress at 41 °C every 7 days during osteogenic differentiation. Based on the results of the present study, periodic heating increases alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, upregulates osteogenic-related proteins and promotes EMSC mineralization. In particular, increased YAP nuclear translocation and YAP knockdown inhibited osteogenic differentiation induced by heat stress. Furthermore, the expression and activity of transglutaminase 2 (TG2) were significantly increased after YAP nuclear translocation. ConclusionTogether, these results indicate that YAP plays a key role in regulating cellular proteostasis under stressful cellular conditions by modulating the TG2 response.

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Heat Stress Prevented the Biomass and Yield Stimulation Caused by Elevated CO2 in Two Well-Watered Wheat Cultivars

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1174705/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sachin G. Chavan ◽

Remko A. Duursma ◽

Michael Tausz ◽

Oula Ghannoum

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Electron Transport Rate ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Yield Response ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Trade Off ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Grain Nitrogen ◽

High Tillering

Abstract To investigate the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and heat stress (HS), we grew two contrasting wheat cultivars, early-maturing Scout and high-tillering Yitpi, under non-limiting water and nutrients at ambient (aCO2, 450 ppm) or elevated (eCO2, 650 ppm) CO2 and 22°C in the glasshouse. Plants were exposed to two 3-day HS cycles at the vegetative (38.1°C) and/or flowering (33.5°C) stage. At aCO2, both wheat cultivars showed similar responses of photosynthesis and mesophyll conductance to temperature and produced similar grain yield. Relative to aCO2, eCO2 enhanced photosynthesis rate and reduced stomatal conductance and maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax). During HS, high temperature stimulated photosynthesis at eCO2 in both cultivars, while eCO2 stimulated photosynthesis in Scout. Electron transport rate (Jmax) was unaffected by any treatment. eCO2 equally enhanced biomass and grain yield of both cultivars in control, but not HS, plants. HS reduced biomass and yield of Scout at eCO2. Yitpi, the cultivar with higher grain nitrogen, underwent a trade-off between grain yield and nitrogen. In conclusion, eCO2 improved photosynthesis of control and HS wheat, and improved biomass and grain yield of control plants only. Under well-watered conditions, HS was not detrimental to photosynthesis or growth but precluded a yield response to eCO2.

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Use of Real-Time Multisensor Data to Assess the Relationship of Normalized Corn Yield with Monthly Rainfall and Heat Stress across the Central United States

Journal of Applied Meteorology ◽

10.1175/jam2303.1 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (11) ◽

pp. 1667-1676 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nancy E. Westcott ◽

Steven E. Hollinger ◽

Kenneth E. Kunkel

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Heat Stress ◽

Real Time ◽

Monthly Rainfall ◽

Yield Response ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Central United States ◽

Environmental Prediction ◽

The Relationship ◽

Rainfall Estimates

Abstract This study evaluated the suitability of rain estimates based on the National Weather Service (NWS) Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network to estimate yield response to rainfall on a county scale and to provide real-time information related to crop stress resulting from deficient or excessive precipitation throughout the summer. The relationship between normalized corn yield and rainfall was examined for nine states in the central United States for 1997–99 and 2001–02. Monthly rainfall estimates were computed employing multisensor precipitation estimate (MPE) data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and quality-controlled (QC_Coop) and real-time (RT_Coop) NWS cooperative gauge data. In-season MPE rain estimates were found to be of comparable quality to the postseason QC_Coop estimates for predicting county corn yields. Both MPE and QC_Coop estimates were better related to corn yield than were RT_Coop estimates, presumably because of the lower density of RT_Coop gauges. Large corn yields typically resulted when May rain was less than 125 mm and July rain was greater than 50 mm. Low yields often occurred when July rainfall was less than 100 mm. For moderate July rains (50–100 mm), positive and negative normalized yields resulted. Parameterization of heat stress (number of July days > 32.2°C) improved the correlation between rainfall and normalized corn yield, particularly for years with the poorest yield-vs-rain relationship (1998 and 1999). For the combined analysis years, the multiple regression correlation coefficient was 0.56, incorporating May and July rainfall and July heat stress and explaining 31% of the variance of normalized corn yield. Results show that MPE rainfall estimates provide timely yield projections within the growing season.

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Heat stress prevented the biomass and yield stimulation caused by elevated CO2 in two well-watered wheat cultivars

10.1101/2021.11.21.469459 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sachin Gorakshnath Chavan ◽

Remko Duursma ◽

Michael Tausz ◽

Oula Ghannoum

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Elevated Co2 ◽

Electron Transport Rate ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Yield Response ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Early Maturing ◽

Grain Nitrogen ◽

High Tillering

To investigate the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and heat stress (HS), we grew two contrasting wheat cultivars, early-maturing Scout and high-tillering Yitpi, under non-limiting water and nutrients at ambient (aCO2, 450 ppm) or elevated (eCO2, 650 ppm) CO2 and 22°C in the glasshouse. Plants were exposed to two 3-day HS cycles at the vegetative (38.1°C) and/or flowering (33.5°C) stage. At aCO2, both wheat cultivars showed similar responses of photosynthesis and mesophyll conductance to temperature and produced similar grain yield. Relative to aCO2, eCO2 enhanced photosynthesis rate and reduced stomatal conductance and maximal carboxylation rate (Vcmax). During HS, high temperature stimulated photosynthesis at eCO2 in both cultivars, while eCO2 stimulated photosynthesis in Scout. Electron transport rate (Jmax) was unaffected by any treatment. eCO2 equally enhanced biomass and grain yield of both cultivars in control, but not HS, plants. HS reduced biomass and yield of Scout at eCO2. Yitpi, the cultivar with higher grain nitrogen, underwent a trade-off between grain yield and nitrogen. In conclusion, eCO2 improved photosynthesis of control and HS wheat, and improved biomass and grain yield of control plants only. Under well-watered conditions, HS was not detrimental to photosynthesis or growth but precluded a yield response to eCO2.

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Yield response to heat stress as affected by nitrogen availability in maize

Field Crops Research ◽

10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 183 ◽

pp. 184-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Raziel A. Ordóñez ◽

Roxana Savin ◽

C. Mariano Cossani ◽

Gustavo A. Slafer

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Nitrogen Availability ◽

Yield Response

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