The 2018 EFP/AAP periodontitis case classification demonstrates high agreement with the 2012 CDC/AAP criteria

Background: The pulp tissue is confined within hard tissue boundaries and cannot be examined directly for health evaluation. Hence, its assessment is usually based on sensibility tests. Accurate diagnosis of the pulpal status requires evaluation with combination of sensibility tests. The objective of this study was to assess the mutual agreement between the electric pulp test and cold test in determining pulp vitality. Methods: Total 106 patients, aged 18 to 30 years, attending the dental OPD of Operative Dentistry/Endodontics department; Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Karachi were selected for the study. The cold and electric pulp tests were used to determine the presence or absence of tingling sensation. Teeth were marked as vital in presence and non-vital in absence of any tingling or painful response. Agreement between these two tests was calculated using SPSS-18. To calculate the mean and standard deviation, descriptive statistics were applied for quantitative variables. For qualitative variables, frequencies and percentages were calculated. Kappa statistics was applied for agreement between electric pulp and cold test. Results: The cold test showed that 70.8% of the teeth were vital and 29.2% were necrotic. The electrical pulp test showed that 74.5% were vital and 25.5% were necrotic. The outcome showed 83.0% agreement between the tests; with kappa value of 0.574 which provided sufficient agreement with p-value=0.000. Conclusion: There was a high agreement found between the cold test and electric pulp test. Assessment of pulp vitality would be more accurate when EPT and Endo frost are used in combination.

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Model Based Assessment of the Reflection Behavior of Tidal Waves at Bathymetric Changes in Estuaries

Water ◽

10.3390/w13040489 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 489

Author(s):

Vanessa Sohrt ◽

Sebastian S.V. Hein ◽

Edgar Nehlsen ◽

Thomas Strotmann ◽

Peter Fröhle

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional ◽

High Agreement ◽

Tidal Waves ◽

Level Data ◽

Water Level Data ◽

Abrupt Changes ◽

Water Effects ◽

Potential Impact ◽

Tidal Constituents ◽

Harmonic Components

Estuaries are often modified by human activities. Adjustments in the morphology of an estuary have a potential impact on the hydrodynamics and on the reflection behavior of the tide. The influence of such system changes on the complex tidal regime with a large number of superimposed tidal constituents is not fully understood yet. The reflection properties of estuaries that are characterized by abrupt changes in geometry are systematically investigated on the basis of simplified estuary model approaches to improve the understanding of the oscillation and reflection behavior of tidal waves in estuaries. The reflection coefficients at abrupt cross-sectional changes are determined by two different methods, i.e., an analytical energy-based approach and a hydrodynamic numerical (HN) model. Comparisons indicate a high agreement of the results of the different methods when evaluating the reflection coefficient. The tidal constituents are reflected at partial and total reflectors and amplified by shoaling depending on the water depths, the height of the bottom step and the horizontal constriction. A harmonic analysis of simulated water level data partly shows the formation and amplification of higher harmonic components as a result of shallow water effects. The interaction with reflectors results in an increasing amplification of the tidal constituents and the tide.

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SOI-Based Multi-Channel AWG with Fiber Bragg Grating Sensing Interrogation System

Photonics ◽

10.3390/photonics8060214 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 214

Author(s):

Siming Weng ◽

Pei Yuan ◽

Wei Zhuang ◽

Dongliang Zhang ◽

Fei Luo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fiber Bragg Grating ◽

Dynamic Range ◽

High Dynamic Range ◽

High Rate ◽

Bragg Grating ◽

Arrayed Waveguide Grating ◽

High Agreement ◽

High Dynamic ◽

Critical Components ◽

Arrayed Waveguide

For the development of minimized and high-rate photonic-integrated fiber Bragg grating interrogation (FBGI) systems, arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) has been widely used as one of the critical components. In this paper, we present an 8-channel SOI-based AWG for a photonic integrated FBG interrogation microsystem. The channel spacing of the AWG is designed to be 3 nm to meet a high-dynamic-range demodulation requirement. The core size of the fabricated AWG is about 335 × 335 μm2. The simulation results and experimental results are in high agreement, showing that AWG has a fine transmission spectrum with crosstalk below −16 dB, nonuniformity below 0.4 dB, insertion loss below −6.35 dB, 3 dB bandwidth about 1.3 nm and 10 dB bandwidth of 2.3 nm. The proposed AWG can be applied perfectly to the SOI-based AWG demodulation microsystem, exhibiting a large dynamic range of 1.2 nm, the resolution for measurements is 1.27 pm and a high accuracy of 20.6 pm.

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Prevalence of Somatic Indicators of Distress in Diabetes Patients: Comparison to Psychiatric Patients and Community Nonpatients

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.2190/rj82-3jkb-ykem-bnu0 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 265-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

James E. Aikens

Keyword(s):

Psychiatric Patients ◽

Screening Methods ◽

Medical Illness ◽

Medically Ill ◽

Somatic Distress ◽

Memory Problems ◽

Insulin Dependent ◽

Patient Groups ◽

Case Classification ◽

Diabetes Patients

Objective: Because psychiatric screening methods are usually developed using psychiatric samples but not medical samples, they often include distress indicators that overlap with medical illness. This potentially inflates psychopathology estimates for medically ill patient groups. The objective of this study was to determine whether somatic distress indicator base rates are elevated in diabetes patients. Method: The occurrence of Symptom Checklist 90-R (SLC-90-R) somatic symptoms was studied in fifty-six diabetes mellitus patients (27 insulin dependent, 29 non-insulin dependent) with non-elevated SLC-90-R profiles, as compared to both community nonpatient and psychiatric patient norms. Results: Of the fifteen SCL-90-R items rated by endocrinologists as most likely to be diabetes-related, nine were endorsed more frequently by diabetes patients than by nonpatients: faintness/dizziness (endorsed by 36% of diabetics), reduced libido (endorsed by 41%), anenergia (68%), memory problems (66%), trembling (18%), numbness (55%), weakness (39%), overeating (59%), and somatic concerns (41%). Anergia and faintness/dizziness were endorsed more frequently by psychiatric patients than diabetes patients, whereas numbness was endorsed more often by diabetes patients. Conclusions: Conservatism is warranted when applying these somatic indicators of distress to diabetes patients. Further studies are needed to determine whether such illness overlap biases case classification.

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Quantitative and qualitative analysis of nutrition and food safety information in school science textbooks of India

Health Education Journal ◽

10.1177/0017896911422783 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71 (6) ◽

pp. 725-735 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

GM Subba Rao ◽

T Vijayapushapm ◽

K Venkaiah ◽

V Pavarala

Keyword(s):

Food Safety ◽

Nutrition Education ◽

Safety Information ◽

School Science ◽

Urban Bias ◽

High Agreement ◽

Science Textbooks ◽

Nutritional Needs ◽

Central Board

Objective: To assess quantity and quality of nutrition and food safety information in science textbooks prescribed by the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE), India for grades I through X. Design: Content analysis. Methods: A coding scheme was developed for quantitative and qualitative analyses. Two investigators independently coded the data and inter-coder reliability was assessed using Cohen’s Kappa. The inferences were then reviewed by an expert group. Results: There was high agreement (Kappa = 0.89) between coders. Nutrition topics got > 10% pages in textbooks of grades I to VII, while they were omitted in subsequent grades. Food safety got a mere 1% of page allocation only in grades I to III books. Over 25% of biology illustrations related to nutrition in grades I, II and IV but not in others. Nutrition topics in textbooks beyond grade IV were repetitive and inconsistent. Some illustrations depicted uncommon foods and had urban bias. Conclusions: Nutrition and food safety content in science textbooks is low. Important topics such as nutritional needs during adolescence, obesity, unhealthy foods and food labelling are not covered. These findings provide direction for strengthening textbook content to promote nutrition education in schools.

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The Principles and Practices of Case Classification and Counting: Lessons from the Civil and Criminal Jurisdictions of the Jamaican Court System

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3765100 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Denarto Dennis

Keyword(s):

Court System ◽

Case Classification

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Unsupervised Compositionality Prediction of Nominal Compounds

Computational Linguistics ◽

10.1162/coli_a_00341 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 1-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Silvio Cordeiro ◽

Aline Villavicencio ◽

Marco Idiart ◽

Carlos Ramisch

Keyword(s):

Morphological Variation ◽

Red Wine ◽

Data Sets ◽

High Agreement ◽

Semantic Models ◽

Corpus Size ◽

Nominal Compounds ◽

Distributional Semantic Models ◽

The Impact

Nominal compounds such as red wine and nut case display a continuum of compositionality, with varying contributions from the components of the compound to its semantics. This article proposes a framework for compound compositionality prediction using distributional semantic models, evaluating to what extent they capture idiomaticity compared to human judgments. For evaluation, we introduce data sets containing human judgments in three languages: English, French, and Portuguese. The results obtained reveal a high agreement between the models and human predictions, suggesting that they are able to incorporate information about idiomaticity. We also present an in-depth evaluation of various factors that can affect prediction, such as model and corpus parameters and compositionality operations. General crosslingual analyses reveal the impact of morphological variation and corpus size in the ability of the model to predict compositionality, and of a uniform combination of the components for best results.

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3D Simulation of Radiographic Projections to Test and Reduce the Effect of Pelvic Tilt on the Accuracy of Cross-table Lateral Radiography

10.21203/rs.3.rs-39670/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jie Xu ◽

Baohua Su ◽

Wenhui Zhang ◽

Hao Sun ◽

Deng Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Measurement Errors ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Pelvic Tilt ◽

Intra Class Correlation ◽

High Agreement ◽

Mathematical Algorithm ◽

Radiographic Measurements ◽

Pelvic Position ◽

Intra Class Correlation Coefficient ◽

Version Measurement

Abstract Background:Cross-table lateral (CL) radiography is aconvenientandfeasible method toassess cup version angle (VA) after total hip arthroplasty; however, the pelvic tilt (PT) may contribute to its measurement inaccuracy.We sought (1) to determinethe effect of the PT on cup version measurement on CL radiography and (2) to develop a method for reducing measurement errors caused by the PT.Methods: Two groups of VAswere measured respectively on 3D simulatedCL images and CL radiographs. Based on the data, we created a corrective formula to convert the radiographic measurements into values approximating the actual VA under a natural pelvic position. The corrected valueswere compared with computed tomography (CT) measurements to verified the corrective formula. Results:There was a high correlation between the measurements and PTs. For each 1-degree increased in the PT, the VA decreased by 0.76° (R²=0.995, p<0.001). The VA measurements corrected by our equation was in high agreement with the CT-measured valueswithreferenceto the corresponding PT (intra-class correlation coefficient [ICC]=0.988, p<0.001), which was in sharp contrast to that without PT control (ICC=0.454, p=0.203).Conclusions: ThePT may contribute to cup version measurement inaccuracies on CL radiography. Our mathematical algorithm can serve as a reliable method to improve the accuracy of CL radiography.

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A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

Frontiers in Medicine ◽

10.3389/fmed.2021.715640 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Yunru Liao ◽

Zhenlan Yang ◽

Zijing Li ◽

Rui Zeng ◽

Jing Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

High Agreement ◽

Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽

Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽

The Mean

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

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