Purified β‐glucans from the Shiitake mushroom ameliorates antibiotic‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ‐induced pulmonary sepsis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.H. Masterson ◽  
E.J. Murphy ◽  
H. Gonzalez ◽  
I. Major ◽  
S.D. McCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Shiitake Mushroom ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

scholarly journals Prevalence and Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Ready-to-Eat Street Foods

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Shobha Giri ◽  
Vaishnavi Kudva ◽  
Kalidas Shetty ◽  
Veena Shetty
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum

As the global urban populations increase with rapid migration from rural areas, ready-to-eat (RTE) street foods are posing food safety challenges where street foods are prepared with less structured food safety guidelines in small and roadside outlets. The increased presence of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria in street foods is a significant risk for human health because of its epidemiological significance. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae have become important and dangerous foodborne pathogens globally for their relevance to antibiotic resistance. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential burden of antibiotic-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae contaminating RTE street foods and to assess the microbiological quality of foods in a typical emerging and growing urban suburb of India where RTE street foods are rapidly establishing with public health implications. A total of 100 RTE food samples were collected of which, 22.88% were E. coli and 27.12% K. pneumoniae. The prevalence of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae was 25.42%, isolated mostly from chutneys, salads, paani puri, and chicken. Antimicrobial resistance was observed towards cefepime (72.9%), imipenem (55.9%), cefotaxime (52.5%), and meropenem (16.9%) with 86.44% of the isolates with MAR index above 0.22. Among β-lactamase encoding genes, blaTEM (40.68%) was the most prevalent followed by blaCTX (32.20%) and blaSHV (10.17%). blaNDM gene was detected in 20.34% of the isolates. This study indicated that contaminated RTE street foods present health risks to consumers and there is a high potential of transferring multi-drug-resistant bacteria from foods to humans and from person to person as pathogens or as commensal residents of the human gut leading to challenges for subsequent therapeutic treatments.

scholarly journals 1564. Activity of bacteriophage against multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S782-S782
Author(s):  
Sailaja Puttagunta ◽  
Maya Kahan-Haanum ◽  
Sharon Kredo-Russo ◽  
Eyal Weinstock ◽  
Efrat Khabra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Infection Types

Abstract Background The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and carbapenem resistant (CR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) has significantly risen in all geographic regions. Infections due to these bacteria are associated with high mortality across different infection types. Even with newer options, there remains an unmet need for safe and effective therapeutic options to treat infections caused by ESBL and CR KP. Phage therapy offers a novel approach with an unprecedented and orthogonal mechanism of action for treatment of diseases caused by pathogenic bacterial strains that are insufficiently addressed by available antibiotics. Phage-based therapies confer a high strain-level specificity and have a strong intrinsic safety profile. Here we describe the identification of novel phages that can effectively target antibiotic resistant KP strains. Host range of the 21 phages on 33 strain KP panel via solid culture infectivity assays. Red marks resistance to infection while sensitivity to phage is marked in green Methods KP clinical strains were isolated from human stool specimens preserved in glycerol. Selective culturing was carried, followed by testing of individual colonies for motility, indole and urease production, sequenced and analyzed by Kleborate tool to determine antibiotic resistant genes. Natural phages were isolated from plaques that developed on susceptible bacterial targets, sequenced and characterized. Results Antibiotic-resistant KP strains encoding beta lactamase genes or a carbapenemase (n=33) were isolated from healthy individuals (n=3), and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (n=26) or primary sclerosing cholangitis (n=3). Isolates sequencing revealed bla CTX-M15 and/or bla SHV encoding strains and carbapenamase KPC-2. A panel of 21 phages targeting the beta-lactamase- and carbapenemase-producing KP strains were identified. Phage sequencing revealed that all phages belong to the Caudovirales order and include 6 Siphoviridae, 14 Myoviridae, and 1 Podoviridae. In vitro lytic activity of the phages was tested on the isolated bacteria and revealed a coverage of 70% of the 33 isolated antibiotic resistant strains, >50% of which were targeted by multiple phages. Conclusion Collectively, these results demonstrate the feasibility of identifying phage with potent activity against antibiotic resistant KP strains, and may provide a novel therapeutic approach for treatment of ESBL and CR KP infections. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Horizontal Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance by Extended-Spectrum β Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 037-042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha K Vaidya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Transfer ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Alkaline Lysis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Synergy Test

ABSTRACT Background: The purpose of this work was to study the acquisition of new antibiotic-resistant genes carried by extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae via horizontal transfer to understand their rampant spread in the hospitals and in the community. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 120 ESBL screen-positive isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, was carried out. The Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) and Inhibitor-Potentiation Disc Diffusion Test (IPDD) were employed for confirmation of ESBL activity. The transferability of the associated antibiotic resistance for amoxicillin, amikacin, gentamicin, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was elucidated by intra- and intergenus conjugation in Escherichia coli under laboratory as well as under simulated environmental conditions. Transformation experiments using plasmids isolated by alkaline lysis method were performed to study the transferability of resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Results : ESBL production was indicated in 20% each of the Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. All the ESBL isolates showed co- resistance to various other groups of antibiotics, including 3GC antibiotics, though all the isolates were sensitive to both the carbapenems tested. Conjugation-mediated transfer of resistance under laboratory as well as environmental conditions at a frequency of 3-4 x 10-5 , and transformation-mediated dissemination of cefotaxime and gentamicin resistance shed light on the propensity of ESBL producers for horizontal transfer. Conclusions: The transfer of resistant markers indicated availability of a large pool of resistance genes in the hospital setting as well as in the environment, facilitating long-term persistence of organisms.

scholarly journals Estimating the number of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in 2014: a modelling study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e969-e979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Temkin ◽  
Noga Fallach ◽  
Jonatan Almagor ◽  
Beryl Primrose Gladstone ◽  
Evelina Tacconelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Modelling Study

scholarly journals Characterization and Therapeutic Potential of Bacteriophage-Encoded Polysaccharide Depolymerases with β Galactosidase Activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae K57 Capsular Type

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 732
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. Volozhantsev ◽  
Anna M. Shpirt ◽  
Alexander I. Borzilov ◽  
Ekaterina V. Komisarova ◽  
Valentina M. Krasilnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Capsular Type ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Hip Infection ◽  
Immune Attack ◽  
Hydrolytic Mechanism

Bacteriophages and phage enzymes are considered as possible alternatives to antibiotics in the treatment of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Due to the ability to cleave the capsular polysaccharides (CPS), one of the main virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae, phage depolymerases, has potential in the treatment of K. pneumoniae infections. Here, we characterized in vivo two novel phage-encoded polysaccharide depolymerases as therapeutics against clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. The depolymerases Dep_kpv79 and Dep_kpv767 encoded by Klebsiella phages KpV79 (Myoviridae; Jedunavirus) and KpV767 (Autographiviridae, Studiervirinae, Przondovirus), respectively, were identified as specific β-galactosidases that cleave the K. pneumoniae K57 type CPS by the hydrolytic mechanism. They were found to be highly effective at combating sepsis and hip infection caused by K. pneumoniae in lethal mouse models. Here, 80–100% of animals were protected against death by a single dose (e.g., 50 μg/mouse) of the enzyme injected 0.5 h after infection by K. pneumoniae strains of the K57 capsular type. The therapeutic effect of the depolymerases is because they strip the capsule and expose the underlying bacterium to the immune attack such as complement-mediated killing. These data provide one more confirmation that phage polysaccharide depolymerases represent a promising tool for antimicrobial therapy.

scholarly journals Fighting Antibiotic-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with “Sweet” Immune Targets

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Adamo ◽  
Immaculada Margarit
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Surface Polysaccharides ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Murine Monoclonal Antibodies

ABSTRACT Antibiotics and vaccines have greatly impacted human health in the last century by dramatically reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with infectious diseases. The recent challenge posed by the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria could possibly be addressed by novel immune prophylactic and therapeutic approaches. Among the newly threatening pathogens, Klebsiella pneumoniae is particularly worrisome in the nosocomial setting, and its surface polysaccharides are regarded as promising antigen candidates. The majority of Klebsiella carbapenem-resistant strains belong to the sequence type 158 (ST258) lineage, with two main clades expressing capsular polysaccharides CPS1 and CPS2. In a recent article, S. D. Kobayashi and colleagues (mBio 9:e00297-18, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00297-18) show that CPS2-specific IgGs render ST258 clade 2 bacteria more sensitive to human serum and phagocytic killing. E. Diago-Navarro et al. (mBio 9:e00091-18, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00091-18) generated two murine monoclonal antibodies recognizing distinct glycotopes of CPS2 that presented functional activity against multiple ST258 strains. These complementary studies represent a step toward the control of this dangerous pathogen.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Myophage May

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine T. Nguyen ◽  
Rachele Bonasera ◽  
Garret Benson ◽  
Adriana C. Hernandez-Morales ◽  
Jason J. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Strains

May is a newly isolated myophage that infects multidrug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, a pathogen that is associated with antibiotic-resistant infections in humans. The genome of May has been shown to be similar to that of phage Vi01.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence ofKlebsiella pneumoniaeCarbapenemase-ProducingK. pneumoniaeMyophage Miro

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni M. Mijalis ◽  
Lauren E. Lessor ◽  
Jesse L. Cahill ◽  
Eric S. Rasche ◽  
Gabriel F. Kuty Everett
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Bacteriophage Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Key Features

Klebsiella pneumoniaeis a Gram-negative pathogen frequently associated with antibiotic-resistant nosocomial infections. Bacteriophage therapy againstK. pneumoniaemay be possible to combat these infections. The following describes the complete genome sequence and key features of the pseudo-T-evenK. pneumoniaecarbapenemase (KPC)-producingK. pneumoniaemyophage Miro.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council: Dominance of OXA-48 and NDM Producers

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 3085-3090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosam M. Zowawi ◽  
Anna L. Sartor ◽  
Hanan H. Balkhy ◽  
Timothy R. Walsh ◽  
Sameera M. Al Johani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Gulf Cooperation Council ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Resistant Genes ◽  
Gcc Countries

ABSTRACTThe molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of resistance of carbapenem-resistantEnterobacteriaceae(CRE) were determined in hospitals in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), namely, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, and Kuwait. Isolates were subjected to PCR-based detection of antibiotic-resistant genes and repetitive sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) assessments of clonality. Sixty-two isolates which screened positive for potential carbapenemase production were assessed, and 45 were found to produce carbapenemase. The most common carbapenemases were of the OXA-48 (35 isolates) and NDM (16 isolates) types; 6 isolates were found to coproduce the OXA-48 and NDM types. No KPC-type, VIM-type, or IMP-type producers were detected. Multiple clones were detected with seven clusters of clonally relatedKlebsiella pneumoniae. Awareness of CRE in GCC countries has important implications for controlling the spread of CRE in the Middle East and in hospitals accommodating patients transferred from the region.

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