scholarly journals Seascape genomics reveals candidate molecular targets of heat stress adaptation in three coral species

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1892-1906
Author(s):  
Oliver Selmoni ◽  
Gaël Lecellier ◽  
Hélène Magalon ◽  
Laurent Vigliola ◽  
Nicolas Oury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Stress Adaptation

scholarly journals Seascape genomics reveals candidate molecular targets of heat stress adaptation in three coral species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Selmoni ◽  
Gaël Lecellier ◽  
Hélène Magalon ◽  
Laurent Vigliola ◽  
Francesca Benzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways

AbstractAnomalous heat waves are causing a major decline of hard corals around the world and threatening the persistence of coral reefs. There are, however, reefs that had been exposed to recurrent thermal stress over the years and whose corals appeared tolerant against heat. One of the mechanisms that could explain this phenomenon is local adaptation, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly known.In this work, we applied a seascape genomics approach to study heat stress adaptation in three coral species of New Caledonia (southwestern Pacific) and to uncover molecular actors potentially involved. We used remote sensing data to characterize the environmental trends across the reef system, and sampled corals living at the most contrasted sites. These samples underwent next generation sequencing to reveal single-nucleotide-polymorphisms (SNPs) of which frequencies associated with heat stress gradients. As these SNPs might underpin an adaptive role, we characterized the functional roles of the genes located in their genomic neighborhood.In each of the studied species, we found heat stress associated SNPs notably located in proximity of genes coding for well-established actors of the cellular responses against heat. Among these, we can mention proteins involved in DNA damage-repair, protein folding, oxidative stress homeostasis, inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. In some cases, the same putative molecular targets of heat stress adaptation recurred among species.Together, these results underscore the relevance and the power of the seascape genomics approach for the discovery of adaptive traits that could allow corals to persist across wider thermal ranges.

scholarly journals Heat stress adaptation of Escherichia coli under dynamic conditions: effect of inoculum size*

2010 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Cornet ◽  
E. Van Derlinden ◽  
A.M. Cappuyns ◽  
J.F. Van Impe
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Stress Adaptation ◽  
Dynamic Conditions

scholarly journals Variation in susceptibility among three Caribbean coral species and their algal symbionts indicates the threatened staghorn coral, Acropora cervicornis, is particularly susceptible to elevated nutrients and heat stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. Palacio-Castro ◽  
Caroline E. Dennison ◽  
Stephanie M. Rosales ◽  
Andrew C. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Coral Cover ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Acropora Cervicornis ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Algal Symbionts ◽  
Algal Symbiont ◽  
Orbicella Faveolata ◽  
Significant Mortality

Coral cover is declining worldwide due to multiple interacting threats. We compared the effects of elevated nutrients and temperature on three Caribbean corals: Acropora cervicornis, Orbicella faveolata, and Siderastrea siderea. Colonies hosting different algal types were exposed to either ambient nutrients (A), elevated NH4 (N), or elevated NH4 + PO4 (N+P) at control temperatures (26 °C) for > 2 months, followed by a 3-week thermal challenge (31.5 °C). A. cervicornis hosted Symbiodinium (S. fitti) and was highly susceptible to the combination of elevated nutrients and temperature. During heat stress, A. cervicornis pre-exposed to elevated nutrients experienced 84%-100% mortality and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) declines of 41-50%. In comparison, no mortality and lower Fv/Fm declines (11-20%) occurred in A. cervicornis that were heat-stressed but not pre-exposed to nutrients. O. faveolata and S. siderea response to heat stress was determined by their algal symbiont community and was not affected by nutrients. O. faveolata predominantly hosted Durusdinium trenchii or Breviolum, but only corals hosting Breviolum were susceptible to heat, experiencing 100% mortality, regardless of nutrient treatment. S. siderea colonies predominantly hosted Cladocopium C1 (C. goreaui), Cladocopium C3, D. trenchii, or variable proportions of Cladocopium C1 and D. trenchii. This species was resilient to elevated nutrients and temperature, with no significant mortality in any of the treatments. However, during heat stress, S. siderea hosting Cladocopium C3 suffered higher reductions in Fv/Fm (41-56%) compared to S. siderea hosting Cladocopium C1 and D. trenchii (17-26% and 10-16%, respectively). These differences in holobiont susceptibility to elevated nutrients and heat may help explain historical declines in A. cervicornis starting decades earlier than other Caribbean corals. Our results suggest that tackling only warming temperatures may be insufficient to ensure the continued persistence of Caribbean corals, especially A. cervicornis. Reducing nutrient inputs to reefs may also be necessary for these iconic coral species to survive.

Molecular targets of dietary phytochemicals for the alleviation of heat stress in poultry

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Sahin ◽  
C. Orhan ◽  
M.O. Smith ◽  
N. Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Dietary Phytochemicals

scholarly journals Metabolome shift associated with thermal stress in coral holobionts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Williams ◽  
Eric N. Chiles ◽  
Dennis Conetta ◽  
Jananan S. Pathmanathan ◽  
Phillip A. Cleves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Related Function ◽  
Montipora Capitata ◽  
Algal Symbiont ◽  
Coral Holobiont ◽  
Algal Symbiosis ◽  
Coral Health ◽  
Global Threat

SummaryCoral reef systems are under global threat due to warming and acidifying oceans1. Understanding the response of the coral holobiont to environmental change is crucial to aid conservation efforts. The most pressing problem is “coral bleaching”, usually precipitated by prolonged thermal stress that disrupts the algal symbiosis sustaining the holobiont2,3. We used metabolomics to understand how the coral holobiont metabolome responds to heat stress with the goal of identifying diagnostic markers prior to bleaching onset. We studied the heat tolerant Montipora capitata and heat sensitive Pocillopora acuta coral species from the Hawaiian reef system in Kāne’ohe Bay, O’ahu. Untargeted LC-MS analysis uncovered both known and novel metabolites that accumulate during heat stress. Among those showing the highest differential accumulation were a variety of co-regulated dipeptides present in both species. The structures of four of these compounds were determined (Arginine-Glutamine, Lysine-Glutamine, Arginine-Valine, and Arginine-Alanine). These dipeptides also showed differential accumulation in symbiotic and aposymbiotic (alga free) individuals of the sea anemone model Aiptasia4, suggesting their animal provenance and algal symbiont related function. Our results identify a suite of metabolites associated with thermal stress that can be used to diagnose coral health in wild samples.

scholarly journals Interactive effects of microplastic pollution and heat stress on reef-building corals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Reichert ◽  
Vanessa Tirpitz ◽  
Rajshree Anand ◽  
Katharina Bach ◽  
Jonas Knopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Coral Species ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Plastic Pollution ◽  
Porites Lutea ◽  
Stylophora Pistillata ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Industrial Sectors

Plastic pollution is an emerging stressor that increases pressure on ecosystems such as coral reefs that are already challenged by climate change. However, the effect of plastic pollution in combination with global warming is largely unknown. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine the cumulative effect of microplastic pollution with that of global warming on reef-building coral species and to compare the severity of both stressors. For this, we conducted a series of three controlled laboratory experiments and exposed a broad range of coral species (Acropora muricata, Montipora digitata, Porites lutea, Pocillopora verrucosa, and Stylophora pistillata) to microplastic particles in a range of concentrations (2.5-2,500 particles L-1) and mixtures (from different industrial sectors) at ambient temperatures and in combination with heat stress. We show that microplastic can occasionally have a negative effect on the corals' thermal tolerance. In comparison to heat stress, however, microplastic constitutes a minor stressor. While heat stress led to decreased photosynthetic efficiency of algal symbionts, and increased bleaching, tissue necrosis, and mortality, treatment with microplastic particles had only minor effects on the physiology and health of the tested coral species at ambient temperatures. These findings underline that while efforts to reduce plastic pollution should continue, they should not replace more urgent efforts to halt global warming, which are immediately needed to preserve remaining coral reef ecosystems.

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