Factors Associated with Smokeless Tobacco Use and Dual Use among Blue Collar Workers

In this paper, I review the steps our international research team followed in transforming an ethnographic description of drivers of smokeless tobacco use into systems dynamic model with potential for calibration and quantification. In 2010, the Institute for Community Research (ICR) and the National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH) mounted a mixed methods ethnographic study funded by the National Cancer Institute and the United States Fogarty Center to examine factors associated with smokeless tobacco (SLT) among women of reproductive health age (PIs Jean Schensul for ICR and Saritha Nair for NIRRH). Smokeless tobacco in many different forms is very widely used throughout South and Southeast Asia, with negative health consequences including poor birth outcomes and rates among women are increasing.

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PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE AMONG ADOLESCENTS LIVING IN TEA GARDENS OF DIBRUGARH DISTRICT, ASSAM- A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.14260/jemds/2018/53 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (02) ◽

pp. 237-241

Author(s):

Gayotree Gogoi ◽

Rashmi Ahmed ◽

Rupali Baruah ◽

Manjit Boruah

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Transitions to smokeless tobacco use among adult cigarette smokers in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, Waves 3–5 (2015–2019)

Tobacco Control ◽

10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2021-056907 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. tobaccocontrol-2021-056907

Author(s):

Rebecca A Jackson ◽

Chunfeng Ren ◽

Blair Coleman ◽

Hannah R Day ◽

Cindy M Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Health Study ◽

Dual Use ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Population Assessment ◽

Current Cigarette ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Using Data

ObjectiveExamine patterns of dual use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco and complete switching over time among adult current cigarette smokers using data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study Wave 3 (2015–2016), Wave 4 (2016–2018) and Wave 5 (2018–2019).MethodsWe examined four tobacco use states among 6834 exclusive smokers and 372 dual users at Wave 3 with two waves of follow-up data: exclusive cigarette use, exclusive smokeless tobacco use, dual use and use of neither product.ResultsAmong exclusive smokers at Wave 3, only 1.6% (95% CI: 1.3% to 2.1%) transitioned to dual use at Wave 4, and 0.1% (95% CI: 0.07% to 0.2%) switched to exclusive smokeless tobacco use. Among exclusive smokers who switched to dual use, 53.1% (95% CI: 40.9% to 64.9%) returned to exclusive cigarette smoking, 34.3% (95% CI: 23.8% to 46.6%) maintained dual use and 12.6% (95% CI: 7.0% to 21.7%) did not smoke cigarettes after an additional wave of follow-up. Dual users at Wave 3 were likely to maintain their dual use status at Wave 4, 51.2% (95% CI: 46.1% to 56.3%) and Wave 5, 47.9% (95% CI: 40.1% to 55.8%).ConclusionsVery few cigarette smokers transition to smokeless tobacco use, and among those who do, dual use is more common than exclusive smokeless tobacco use. Further, the majority of exclusive cigarette smokers who transition to dual use at Wave 4 continue smoking cigarettes at Wave 5, either as dual users or as exclusive smokers.

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FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMOKELESS TOBACCO USE IN RURAL WOMEN AND HEALTH SYSTEMS READINESS TO ADDRESS IT

CHEST Journal ◽

10.1016/j.chest.2020.05.503 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 157 (6) ◽

pp. A445

Author(s):

I. Muhammad Shahroz ◽

N. Rizvi ◽

R. Iqbal ◽

F. Abrejo ◽

A. Majidulla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Systems ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Rural Women ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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A Sociological Analysis and Exploration of Factors Associated with Commercial Preparations of Smokeless Tobacco Use in Sri Lanka

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention ◽

10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.6.1753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. 1753-1759

Author(s):

Mohomed Mahees ◽

Hemantha Amarasinghe ◽

Udaya Usgodaararachchi ◽

Nilantha Ratnayake ◽

W M Tilakarathne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Sociological Analysis ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Tobacco use and betel quid chewing among adults in Myanmar- estimates and social determinants from demographic and health survey, 2015–16

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10347-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy ◽

Saint Nway Aye ◽

Sunil Pazhayanur Venkateswaran

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Health Survey ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Tobacco Smoking ◽

Demographic Factors ◽

Betel Quid ◽

Dual Use ◽

Betel Quid Chewing ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Abstract Background National-level prevalence of tobacco use and betel quid chewing, and associated socio-demographic factors were estimated using first-ever, Myanmar Demographic Health Survey, 2015–16. Methods Questions about tobacco smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and betel quid chewing were used to create outcome variables such as tobacco smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and ‘dual use’ (tobacco use and betel quid chewing). Sex-stratified weighted prevalence rates, distribution by socio-demographic factors were presented. Association of demographic factors with tobacco and/or betel quid chewing was assessed by multinomial logistic regression. Results Among men, prevalence (%) of tobacco use and betel quid chewing was 40.9 (95% CI 38.1, 42.1) and 58.9 (95% CI 56.3, 61.6) respectively. Among women tobacco use was 3.7 (95% CI 2.0, 4.3) and betel quid chewing 18.2 (95% CI 16.4, 20.0). Among men prevalence of either tobacco or betel quid and ‘dual use’ was 50.4 (95% CI 48.5, 52.3) and 25.0 (95% CI 23.1, 26.8) respectively, whereas among women the corresponding rates were 17.9 (95% CI 16.2, 19.6) and 2.0 (95% CI 1.6, 2.9). Smokeless tobacco use was low (< 5%) in both sexes. Tobacco use and/or betel quid chewing was associated with age, wealth, marital status, and occupation in both sexes. However, the effect sizes were much larger among women for wealth groups. People of older age and lower wealth had a higher odds of being a tobacco user and/or betel quid chewer. Conclusions In Myanmar, prevalence of both tobacco use and betel quid chewing was high particularly among men. Tobacco control interventions should be strictly implemented and ‘dual use’ of both tobacco and betel quid should also be urgently addressed.

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Risk factors associated with smokeless tobacco use and cigarette smoking among teenagers in a sub-urban area of south west Nigeria

Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1007/s10389-012-0506-y ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 631-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Adebola Emmanuel Orimadegun ◽

Omolayo Omolabake Ola

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Urban Area ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Factors Associated ◽

South West ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

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Socioeconomic Gradients in Different Types of Tobacco Use in India: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009-10

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2015/837804 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ankur Singh ◽

Monika Arora ◽

Dallas R. English ◽

Manu R. Mathur

Keyword(s):

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Positive Association ◽

Socioeconomic Differences ◽

Dual Use ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Logistic Regressions ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

Socioeconomic differences in tobacco use have been reported, but there is a lack of evidence on how they vary according to types of tobacco use. This study explored socioeconomic differences associated with cigarette, bidi, smokeless tobacco (SLT), and dual use (smoking and smokeless tobacco use) in India and tested whether these differences vary by gender and residential area. Secondary analysis of Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) 2009-10 (n=69,296) was conducted. The primary outcomes were self-reported cigarette, bidi smoking, SLT, and dual use. The main explanatory variables were wealth, education, and occupation. Associations were assessed using multinomial logistic regressions. 69,030 adults participated in the study. Positive association was observed between wealth and prevalence of cigarette smoking while inverse associations were observed for bidi smoking, SLT, and dual use after adjustment for potential confounders. Inverse associations with education were observed for all four types after adjusting for confounders. Significant interactions were observed for gender and area in the association between cigarette, bidi, and smokeless tobacco use with wealth and education. The probability of cigarette smoking was higher for wealthier individuals while the probability of bidi smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and dual use was higher for those with lesser wealth and education.

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Geographic variation in tobacco use in India: a population-based multilevel cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. e033178

Author(s):

Ankur Singh ◽

Monika Arora ◽

Rebecca Bentley ◽

Matthew J Spittal ◽

Loc G Do ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Dual Use ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tobacco Products ◽

Local Areas ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use

ObjectiveThis study aims to quantify the extent to which people’s use of tobacco products varies by local areas (city ward and village) across India and the variation in this clustering by tobacco products.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and participantsData on 73 954 adults across 2547 city wards and villages were available for analysis from 30 states and 2 union territories in India.Primary and secondary outcome measuresWe included as primary outcomes self-reported any tobacco use, current cigarette smoking, current bidi smoking, current smokeless tobacco use and a derived variable for dual use describing respondents who engaged in both smoking and smokeless tobacco use.ResultsThe median risk of an individual using tobacco was 1.64 times greater if a person hypothetically moved from an area of low to high risk of tobacco use (95% CI: 1.60 to 1.69). Area-level partitioning of variation differed by tobacco product used. Median ORs ranged from 1.77 for smokeless tobacco use to 2.53 for dual use.ConclusionsTobacco use is highly clustered geographically in India. To be effective in India, policy interventions should be directed to influence specific local contextual factors on adult tobacco use. Where people live in India influences their use of tobacco, and this association may be greater than has been observed in other settings. Tailoring tobacco control policies for local areas in India may, therefore, provide substantial public health benefits.

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The Prevalence and Correlates of Fissured Tongue Among Outpatients in A Regional Area of Afghanistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-136464/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hassan Hamrah ◽

Ali Baghalian ◽

sara Ghadimi ◽

saeedeh Mokhtari ◽

Mojgan Kargar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Smokeless Tobacco ◽

Outpatient Clinic ◽

High Rate ◽

Local Health ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽

Fissured Tongue

Abstract Background: Fissured tongue is a common manifestation of the tongue, marked by the presence of multiple prominent grooves or fissures on the dorsal surface of the tongue. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue among patients attending an outpatient clinic living in regional areas of Afghanistan. Aims: The purpose of the current study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with fissured tongue among adult outpatients in Afghanistan in regional areas of Afghanistan. Methods: The cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatient populations in Andkhoy, Afghanistan, between September 2019 and December 2019. Socio-economic status, smoking, nass use (smokeless tobacco use) and medical data were also assessed. We used the logistic regression models to identify factors associated with fissured tongue. Results: The studied population consisted of 1182 participants, of whom 573 (48.5%) were male and 609 (51.5%) female. The prevalence of fissured tongue was 27.2% (95% CI: 24.7-29.9%) with male having significantly higher prevalence than female (47.5%, 95% CI: 43.3-51.6% versus 8.2%, 95% CI: 6.2-10.7%, p<0.001). Male participants (OR=7.1, 95% CI: 4.8-10.3), Diabetes mellitus (OR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.3) and smokeless tobacco use (OR, 12.0 95% CI: 8.1-17.6) were the only variables independently associated with fissured tongue. Conclusions: This study suggested that there was a high rate of fissured tongue among an outpatient clinic in Andkhoy, Afghanistan. Male gender, diabetes mellitus, and nass consumption were associated with fissured tongue. Therefore, these factors might usefully be targeted in local health promotion, prevention and early intervention programs.

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