Seasonal changes in temperature response of photosynthesis and its contribution to annual carbon gain inDaphniphyllum humile, an evergreen understorey shrub

Plant Biology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-I. Katahata ◽  
Q. Han ◽  
M. Naramoto ◽  
Y. Kakubari ◽  
Y. Mukai
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Annual Carbon

scholarly journals Seasonal coordination of leaf hydraulics and gas exchange in a wintergreen fern

AoB Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyra A Prats ◽  
Craig R Brodersen
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Hydraulic Systems ◽  
Leaf Hydraulics ◽  
Maximum Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Polystichum Acrostichoides ◽  
Annual Carbon ◽  
Hinge Zone

Abstract Wintergreen fern Polystichum acrostichoides has fronds that are photosynthetically active year-round, despite diurnal and seasonal changes in soil moisture, air temperature and light availability. This species can fix much of its annual carbon during periods when the deciduous canopy is open. Yet, remaining photosynthetically active year-round requires the maintenance of photosynthetic and hydraulic systems that are vulnerable to freeze–thaw cycles. We aimed to determine the anatomical and physiological strategies P. acrostichoides uses to maintain positive carbon gain, and the coordination between the hydraulic and photosynthetic systems. We found that the first night below 0 °C led to 25 % loss of conductivity (PLC) in stipes, suggesting that winter-induced embolism occurred. Maximum photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll fluorescence declined during winter but recovered by spring, despite PLC remaining high; the remaining hydraulic capacity was sufficient to supply the leaves with water. The onset of colder temperatures coincided with the development of a necrotic hinge zone at the stipe base, allowing fronds to overwinter lying prostrate and maintain a favourable leaf temperature. Our conductivity data show that the hinge zone did not affect leaf hydraulics because of the flexibility of the vasculature. Collectively, these strategies help P. acrostichoides to survive in northeastern forests.

The ecology of Ramalina menziesii. V. Estimation of gross carbon gain and thallus hydration source from diurnal measurements and climatic data

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
pp. 1698-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Matthes-Sears ◽  
T. H. Nash III
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Daily Precipitation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Predictor Variables ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
Annual Carbon ◽  
Total Gain ◽  
Calculated Average

All subsets regression analysis was used to determine the set of meteorological variables that best predicted daily gross carbon fixation of the lichen Ramalina menziesii Tayl. measured on 23 days at Hastings Reservation in central coastal California. The regression equation containing the two best predictor variables, the duration of diurnal atmospheric humidities equal to or above 90% and daily precipitation, was then used in conjunction with weather records to estimate daily, seasonal, and annual gross CO2 gain of R. menziesii at Hastings for the years 1981 – 1983. Calculated average annual gross CO2 fixation for these 3 years was 2756 mg CO2∙g dry weight−1. For 66% of this total gain, the most likely source of thallus hydration was rainfall. Dewfall was responsible for 15%, atmospheric water vapor uptake for 11%, and for the remaining 8% the source was uncertain. Three-fourths of the annual carbon fixation took place during the 6 months of the rainy season.

scholarly journals Needle age and season influence photosynthetic temperature response and total annual carbon uptake in maturePicea marianatrees

2015 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 821-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Jensen ◽  
Jeffrey M. Warren ◽  
Paul J. Hanson ◽  
Joanne Childs ◽  
Stan D. Wullschleger
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Response ◽  
Carbon Uptake ◽  
Needle Age ◽  
Annual Carbon

Estimating photosynthetic rate and annual carbon gain in conifers from specific leaf weight and leaf biomass

Oecologia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Oren ◽  
E. -D. Schulze ◽  
R. Matyssek ◽  
R. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Annual Carbon

Temperature responses of photosynthesis and respiration in a sub-Antarctic megaherb from Heard Island

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Marcus Schortemeyer ◽  
John R. Evans ◽  
Dan Bruhn ◽  
Dana M. Bergstrom ◽  
Marilyn C. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Response ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Heard Island ◽  
Natural Temperature ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rate Limiting ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

Understanding the response of sub-Antarctic plants to a warming climate requires an understanding of the relationship of carbon gain and loss to temperature. In a field study on Heard Island, we investigated the responses of photosynthesis and respiration of the sub-Antarctic megaherb Pringlea antiscorbutica R. Br. to temperature. This was done by instantaneously manipulating leaf temperature in a gas exchange cuvette on plants adapted to natural temperature variation along an altitudinal gradient. There was little altitudinal variation in the temperature response of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis was much less responsive to temperature than electron transport, suggesting that Rubisco activity was generally the rate-limiting process. The temperature response of leaf respiration rates was greater in cold-grown (high altitude) plants compared with warm-grown (low altitude) plants. This thermal acclimation would enable plants to maintain a positive carbon budget over a greater temperature range.

Seasonal patterns of light transmission through boreal mixedwood canopies

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1008-1014 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Constabel ◽  
V.J. Lieffers
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
High Light ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Solar Elevation ◽  
Annual Carbon

Measurements of light transmission were made at three heights (ground, 0.5 m, and 1.3 m) in six stands in each of three overstory types: pure young aspen (Populustremuloides Michx.); pure old aspen; and mixed old aspen–white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss). Light transmission was measured in the spring, summer, and autumn. In the summer, the amount of light that reached the forest floor was very low in all overstory types (5.9% of incident light). In the mixed stands, the overstory intercepted 87% of above-canopy light, and the understory intercepted 52% of its above-canopy light. In the old aspen stands, there was more light transmission through the overstory, which led to increased understory cover and light interception at that level. In the autumn, 26% of light reached the forest floor in the pure aspen stands because of the loss of deciduous over- and understory foliage. In the mixed stands only 8% of above-overstory light reached the forest floor in the autumn. The deciduous leaf-off period in the spring with relatively high solar elevation angles showed the greatest light transmission through the overstory, ranging from 22% in the old mixedwood to 59% in the young aspen stand. Findings suggest that white spruce seedlings less than 0.5 m in height may be at or below the photosynthetic light compensation point for much of the summer. High light during the deciduous leaf-off periods in the spring and autumn may account for a large portion of their annual carbon gain.

How to minimize the sampling effort for obtaining reliable estimates of diel and annual CO2 budgets in lichens

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maaike Y. BADER ◽  
Gerhard ZOTZ ◽  
Otto L. LANGE
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Carbon Budgets ◽  
Temporal Sampling ◽  
Annual Budget ◽  
Annual Carbon ◽  
Frequent Sampling

AbstractEstimating carbon budgets for poikilohydric organisms, such as lichens and bryophytes, requires methods other than those for homoiohydric plants due to a strong dependency of carbon gain on fluctuating hydration. This paper provides guidance with respect to optimal sampling strategies for estimating annual carbon budgets of lichens and bryophytes, based on a one-year dataset of half-hourly CO2-exchange readings on the epilithic placodioid lichen Lecanora muralis (syn. Protoparmeliopsis muralis) and tests the effects of reduced sampling frequencies and different temporal sampling schemes on carbon budget estimates. Both fine-scale sampling (measurements within a day) and large-scale sampling (selection of days within a year) are addressed.Lowering the sampling frequency within a day caused large deviations for 24-h (diel) budget estimates. Averaged over a larger number of days, these errors did not necessarily cause a large deviation in the annual budget estimate. However, the occurrence of extreme deviations in diel budgets could strongly offset the annual budget estimate. To avoid this problem, frequent sampling (c. every 1·5 hours) is necessary for estimating annual budgets. For estimating diel budgets and patterns a more frequent sampling (every c. 0·5 hours, balancing data resolution and disturbance) is often needed.Sampling fewer than 365 days in a given year inevitably caused estimates to deviate from the ‘true’ carbon budget, i.e. the annual budget based on half-hourly measurements during 365 days. Accuracy increased with total sample frequency, and blocking days caused larger deviations than sampling randomly or regularly spaced single days. Restricting sampling to only one season led to strongly biased estimates. The sampling effort required for a reliable estimate of the annual carbon balance of lichens based on simple extrapolations of diel carbon budgets is impracticably large. For example, a relatively large sample of 52 random days yielded an estimate within 25% of the true annual budget with only 60% certainty. Supporting approaches are therefore suggested, in particular extrapolating diel budgets using ‘weather response types’, possibly aided by diel activity patterns from chlorophyll fluorescence, or modelling CO2 exchange as a function of climatic conditions.

Temperature and ontogenetic effects on color change in the larval salamander species Ambystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
T S Garcia ◽  
R Straus ◽  
A Sih
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Color Response ◽  
Ambystoma Barbouri ◽  
Ambystoma Texanum

Temperature has been shown to affect body color in several species of amphibians. The interaction between color and temperature may also change over larval ontogeny, perhaps because of age-related or seasonal changes in selection pressures on color. We quantified the effects of temperature on the color of the salamander sister species Ambystoma barbouri and Ambystoma texanum over larval ontogeny. We found that early-stage larvae responded to cold temperatures with a dark color relative to that of the warm temperature response. Both species then exhibited an ontogenetic shift in larval color, with larvae becoming lighter with age. Interestingly, older larvae showed decreased plasticity in color change to temperature when compared with younger stages. Older A. barbouri larvae showed no color response to the two temperature treatments, whereas older A. texanum larvae exhibited a reversal in the direction of color change, with cold temperatures inducing a lighter color relative to warm temperatures. We suggest that the overall pattern of color change (a plastic color response to temperature for young larvae, a progressive lightening of larvae over development, and an apparent loss of color plasticity to temperature over ontogeny) can be plausibly explained by seasonal changes in environmental factors (temperature, ultraviolet radiation) selecting for body color.

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