Current status of microRNA ‐mediated regulation of drought stress responses in cereals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garima Singroha ◽  
Pradeep Sharma ◽  
Ramanjulu Sunkur
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Current Status

scholarly journals Spermine: Its Emerging Role in Regulating Drought Stress Responses in Plants

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 261
Author(s):  
Md. Mahadi Hasan ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohammad Shah Jahan ◽  
Md. Nazmul Hossain ◽  
Zunaira Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
New Information ◽  
Effects Of Drought

In recent years, research on spermine (Spm) has turned up a lot of new information about this essential polyamine, especially as it is able to counteract damage from abiotic stresses. Spm has been shown to protect plants from a variety of environmental insults, but whether it can prevent the adverse effects of drought has not yet been reported. Drought stress increases endogenous Spm in plants and exogenous application of Spm improves the plants’ ability to tolerate drought stress. Spm’s role in enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, glyoxalase systems, methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification, and creating tolerance for drought-induced oxidative stress is well documented in plants. However, the influences of enzyme activity and osmoregulation on Spm biosynthesis and metabolism are variable. Spm interacts with other molecules like nitric oxide (NO) and phytohormones such as abscisic acid, salicylic acid, brassinosteroids, and ethylene, to coordinate the reactions necessary for developing drought tolerance. This review focuses on the role of Spm in plants under severe drought stress. We have proposed models to explain how Spm interacts with existing defense mechanisms in plants to improve drought tolerance.

scholarly journals A Novel WRKY Transcription Factor from Ipomoea trifida, ItfWRKY70, Confers Drought Tolerance in Sweet Potato

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 686
Author(s):  
Sifan Sun ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Shaopei Gao ◽  
Nan Nie ◽  
Huan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Stomatal Aperture ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ipomoea Trifida ◽  
Positive Role

WRKY transcription factors are one of the important families in plants, and have important roles in plant growth, abiotic stress responses, and defense regulation. In this study, we isolated a WRKY gene, ItfWRKY70, from the wild relative of sweet potato Ipomoea trifida (H.B.K.) G. Don. This gene was highly expressed in leaf tissue and strongly induced by 20% PEG6000 and 100 μM abscisic acid (ABA). Subcellar localization analyses indicated that ItfWRKY70 was localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of ItfWRKY70 significantly increased drought tolerance in transgenic sweet potato plants. The content of ABA and proline, and the activity of SOD and POD were significantly increased, whereas the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and H2O2 were decreased in transgenic plants under drought stress. Overexpression of ItfWRKY70 up-regulated the genes involved in ABA biosynthesis, stress-response, ROS-scavenging system, and stomatal aperture in transgenic plants under drought stress. Taken together, these results demonstrated that ItfWRKY70 plays a positive role in drought tolerance by accumulating the content of ABA, regulating stomatal aperture and activating the ROS scavenging system in sweet potato.

scholarly journals Cumulative growth and stress responses to the 2018-2019 drought in a European floodplain forest

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Schnabel ◽  
Sarah Purrucker ◽  
Lara Schmitt ◽  
Rolf A. Engelmann ◽  
Anja Kahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Central European ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change

Droughts increasingly threaten the worlds forests and their potential to mitigate climate change. In 2018-2019, Central European forests were hit by two consecutive hotter drought years, an unprecedented phenomenon that is likely to occur more frequently with climate change. Here, we examine trees growth resistance and physiological stress responses (increase in carbon isotope composition; Δδ13C) to this consecutive drought based on tree-rings of dominant tree species in a Central European floodplain forest. Tree growth was not reduced for most species in 2018, indicating that water supply in floodplain forests can partly buffer meteorological water deficits. Drought stress in 2018 was comparable to former single drought years, but the cumulative drought stress in 2019 induced drastic decreases in growth resistance and increases in Δδ13C across all species. Consecutive hotter droughts pose a novel threat to forests under climate change, even in forest ecosystems with high levels of water supply.

scholarly journals Histone Deacetylase Gene SlHDA3 Involves in ABA, Drought and Salt Response in Tomato 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-E Guo
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Histone Deacetylase ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Histone Deacetylation ◽  
New Members ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Mda Content

Abstract Histone deacetylation, one of vital modifying factors of post-translation modifications, which is catalyzed by histone deacetylase. The genes of histone deacetylase(HDACs) play critical roles in various stress responses. However, detailed functions for most SlHDAC members in tomato still unknown. In this work, we found that a histone deacetylase, SlHDA3, involved in response to NaCl and drought abiotic stresses. The expression of SlHDA3 was also induced significantly by NaCl, drought stress and endogenous hormone treatments. Silencing of SlHDA3 in tomato, the RNAi transgenic plants presented depressed tolerance to drought and salt stresses compared with WT tomato. The results of sensitivity analysis indicated that the length of hypocotyl and roots in RNAi plants were more inhibited by ABA and salt stress than that of WT at post-germination stage. Worse growth status were exhibited in SlHDA3 transgenic plants under salt and drought stress as are evaluated by a series of physiological parameters related to stress responses, such as decreased RWC, survival rate, ABA content, chlorophyll content and CAT activity, and increased MDA content and proline content. Besides, the expressions analysis of transgenic plants showed that the transcripts of genes which associated with responses to abiotic stress were down-regulated under salt-stressed conditions. To sum up, SlHDA3 acts as a stress-responsive gene, plays a role in the positive regulation of abiotic stress tolerance, and may be one of the new members in the engineering breeding of salt- and drought-tolerant tomato.

Polyamines and brassinosteroids in drought stress responses and tolerance in plants

2016 ◽  
pp. 608-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dessislava Todorova ◽  
Neveen B. Talaat ◽  
Zornitsa Katerova ◽  
Vera Alexieva ◽  
Bahaa T. Shawky
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses

The F-box E3 ubiquitin ligase AtSDR is involved in salt and drought stress responses in Arabidopsis

Gene ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146011
Author(s):  
Bowen Li ◽  
Shuai Gao ◽  
Zhimin Yang ◽  
Jianbo Song
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
E3 Ubiquitin Ligase ◽  
Salt And Drought Stress

Genome-wide identification of citrus calmodulin-like genes and their expression in response to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi colonization and drought

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Shu ◽  
YaChao Xie ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Dejian Zhang ◽  
Chunyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome

Calmodulin-like (CML) proteins represent a diverse family of protein in plants, and play significant roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, the involvement of citrus CMLs in plant responses to drought stress (abiotic stress) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization remain relatively unknown. We characterized the citrus CML genes by analyzing the EF-hand domains and a genome-wide search, and identified a total of 38 such genes, distributed across at least nine chromosomes. Six tandem duplication clusters were observed in the CsCMLs, and 12 CsCMLs exhibited syntenic relationships with Arabidopsis thaliana CMLs. Gene expression analysis showed that 29 CsCMLs were expressed in the roots, and exhibited differential expression patterns. The regulation of CsCMLs expression was not consistent with the cis-elements identified in their promoters. CsCML2, 3, and 5 were upregulated in response to drought stress, and AMF colonization repressed the expression of CsCML7, 9, 12, 13,20, 27, 28, and 35,and induced that of CsCML1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 18, 25, 30, 33, and 37. Furthermore, AMF colonization and drought stress exerted a synergistic effect, evident from the enhanced repression of CsCML7, 9, 12, 13, 27, 28, and 35 and enhanced expression of CsCML2, 3, and 5 under AMF colonization and drought stress. The present study provides valuable insights into the CsCML gene family and its responses to AMF colonization and drought stress.

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