scholarly journals Diversified sources for human infections by Salmonella enterica serovar newport

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 1044-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Pan ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Wenqin Chai ◽  
Narayan Paudyal ◽  
Shuning Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Human Infections

scholarly journals Genome analysis of Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae isolates from invasive human infections reveals enrichment of virulence-related functions in lineage ST1256

BMC Genomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquín Giner-Lamia ◽  
◽  
Pablo Vinuesa ◽  
Laura Betancor ◽  
Claudia Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Analysis ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Human Infections

scholarly journals PCR Detection of Salmonella entericaSerotype Montevideo in and on Raw Tomatoes Using Primers Derived from hilA

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 5248-5252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Guo ◽  
Jinru Chen ◽  
Larry R. Beuchat ◽  
Robert E. Brackett
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Fresh Produce ◽  
Detection Limits ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Positive Regulators ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Etiological Agents ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT Salmonellae have been some of the most frequently reported etiological agents in fresh-produce-associated outbreaks of human infections in recent years. PCR assays using four innovative pairs of primers derived from hilA and sirA, positive regulators of Salmonella invasive genes, were developed to identify Salmonella enterica serotype Montevideo on and in tomatoes. Based on examination of 83 Salmonella strains and 22 non-Salmonella strains, we concluded that a pair ofhilA primers detects Salmonella specifically. The detection limits of the PCR assay were 101 and 100 CFU/ml after enrichment at 37�C for 6 and 9 h, respectively. When the assay was validated by detecting S. enterica serotype Montevideo in and on artificially inoculated tomatoes, 102 and 101 CFU/g were detected, respectively, after enrichment for 6 h at 37�C. Our results suggest that the hilA-based PCR assay is sensitive and specific, and can be used for rapid detection of Salmonellae in or on fresh produce.

scholarly journals Persistent Asymptomatic Human Infections by Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport in China

mSphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Narayan Paudyal ◽  
Hang Pan ◽  
Beibei Wu ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Persistent Diarrhea ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Resistance Determinants ◽  
Asymptomatic Patients ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica serovar Newport (S. Newport) infections are gradually on the rise in China from the last decade. For humans’ infections, S. Newport has been ranked among the top five serovars responsible for persistent infections, globally. A total of 290 S. Newport strains with their relevant clinical metadata were analyzed, and the strains were subjected to whole-genome sequence analysis. Among these, 62.4% (n = 181) were from diarrheic patients and 28.9% (n = 84) were from asymptomatic individuals (including adults and youngsters) while 8.6% (n = 25) were from cases of persistent diarrhea in infants (28%, n = 7) and toddlers (72%, n = 18). The association between the sequence types (STs) and the variations in the clinical presentation was statistically significant (P = 0.0432), with ST46 causing diarrhea or representing asymptomatic patients and ST31 or ST68 causing persistent diarrhea. Genomic analysis revealed that the highest proportion of the isolates (98.5%, n = 279), primarily from patients with or without diarrhea rather than from asymptomatic individuals, carried antimicrobial resistance determinants corresponding to the aminoglycosides and beta-lactams, highlighting the need for cautionary usage of antimicrobials in such patients. These findings also suggest that cases of nontyphoidal Salmonella infection with symptoms of acute diarrhea or persistent diarrhea caused by S. Newport should be handled with caution, due to the high chance of development of an antimicrobial resistance phenotype that might lead to therapeutic failures. Together, S. Newport ST31 and ST46, which have the highest frequency of carriage of multidrug resistance, are potentially responsible for antimicrobial-resistant diarrhea/persistent diarrhea in infants and children, while adult humans are more likely to be (asymptomatic) carriers of the S. Newport strains. IMPORTANCE Human infections caused by Salmonella Newport generally lead to gastrointestinal diseases. These infections are normally self-limiting; however, in certain cases, broad-spectrum antimicrobials are prescribed for the treatment. The Chinese National Foodborne Disease Surveillance Network has reported a gradual increase in the incidence of multidrug-resistant S. Newport infections in humans. After careful evaluation of the dynamic relationship among the clinical findings, the age group, and the genomic sequence data, it was found that young patients represented the major group with persistent diarrhea, whereas adults were either asymptomatic or diarrheic. Furthermore, all these strains contained multiple acquired antimicrobial resistance determinants, which limited the use of antimicrobials for human patients of all age groups. This analysis of the laboratory-confirmed cases, coupled with genetic analysis of the corresponding pathogen, revealed that antimicrobial treatment of persistent infections by S. Newport in infants and toddlers, and in asymptomatic or diarrheic adults, may not be successful. If the antimicrobials must be prescribed at all, they must be used with caution because of the presence of multiple acquired antimicrobial resistance determinants in such strains.

scholarly journals Genomic Investigation of the Emergence of Invasive Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Dublin in Humans and Animals in Canada

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chand S. Mangat ◽  
Sadjia Bekal ◽  
Brent P. Avery ◽  
Geneviève Côté ◽  
Danielle Daignault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
The United States ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Phylogenomic Analysis ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Integrated Program

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin is a zoonotic pathogen that often leads to invasive bloodstream infections in humans that are multidrug resistant. Described here are the results of Canadian national surveillance of S. Dublin from 2003 to 2015 in humans and bovines, principally collected through the Canadian Integrated Program for Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (CIPARS). An increase in human infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. Dublin was observed in 2010, many of which were bloodstream infections. Phylogenomic analysis of human and bovine isolates revealed a closely related network that differed by only 0 to 17 single nucleotide variants (SNVs), suggesting some potential transmission between humans and bovines. Phylogenomic comparison of global publicly available sequences of S. Dublin showed that Canadian isolates clustered closely with those from the United States. A high correlation between phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial susceptibility was observed in Canadian isolates. IS26 replication was widespread among U.S. and Canadian isolates and caused the truncation and inactivation of the resistance genes strA and blaTEM-1B. A hybrid virulence and MDR plasmid (pN13-01125) isolated from a Canadian S. Dublin isolate was searched against NCBI SRA data of bacteria. The pN13-01125 coding sequences were found in 13 Salmonella serovars, but S. Dublin appears to be a specific reservoir. In summary, we have observed the rise of invasive MDR S. Dublin in humans in Canada and found that they are closely related to bovine isolates and to American isolates in their mobile and chromosomal contents.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of an Emerging Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis and Genomic Comparison with Other S. Infantis Strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emiliano Cohen ◽  
Galia Rahav ◽  
Ohad Gal-Mor
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Pathogenicity Islands ◽  
Genomic Comparison ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Salmonella Pathogenicity Islands

Abstract Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) is one of the dominant serovars of the bacterial pathogen S. enterica. In recent years, the number of human infections caused by S. Infantis has been increasing in many countries, and often the emerging population harbors a unique virulence-resistant megaplasmid called plasmid of emerging S. Infantis (pESI). Here, we report the complete gap-free genome sequence of the S. Infantis Israeli emerging clone and compare its chromosome and pESI sequences with other complete S. Infantis genomes. We show a conserved presence of the Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1–6, 9, 11, 12, and CS54 and a common integration of five bacteriophages in the S. Infantis chromosome. In contrast, we found variable presence of additionally three chromosomally integrated phages and eight modular regions in pESI, which contribute to the genetic and phenotypic diversity (including antimicrobial resistance) of this ubiquitous foodborne pathogen.

scholarly journals Serologic Evidence for Effective Production of Cytolysin A in Salmonella enterica Serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A during Human Infection

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 6505-6508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine von Rhein ◽  
Klaus-Peter Hunfeld ◽  
Albrecht Ludwig
Keyword(s):  
Antibody Response ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Specific Antibody Response ◽  
Serologic Evidence ◽  
Human Infections

ABSTRACT ClyASTy and ClyASPaA are closely related pore-forming cytolysins of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A whose expression is strongly repressed under standard in vitro growth conditions. We show here that human infections by these pathogens cause a specific antibody response to ClyA, indicating effective toxin production during infection.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of an Avian Native NDM-1-Producing Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Corvallis Strain

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (26) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sead Hadziabdic ◽  
Maria Borowiak ◽  
Angelina Bloch ◽  
Burkhard Malorny ◽  
Istvan Szabo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Human Infections

Carbapenems are an important class of β-lactams and one of the last options for treating severe human infections. We present here the complete genome sequence of avian native carbapenemase-producing Salmonella enterica subsp.

scholarly journals Population Structure of Salmonella enterica Serovar 4,[5],12:b:− Strains and Likely Sources of Human Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (17) ◽  
pp. 5121-5129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Toboldt ◽  
Erhard Tietze ◽  
Reiner Helmuth ◽  
Ernst Junker ◽  
Angelika Fruth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Gene Repertoire ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Sequence Types

ABSTRACTSalmonella entericaserovar 4,[5],12:b:− is a monophasic serovar not able to express the second-phase flagellar antigen (H2 antigen). In Germany, the serovar is occasionally isolated from poultry, reptiles, fish, food, and humans. In this study, a selection of 67 epidemiologically unrelatedSalmonella entericaserovar 4,[5],12:b:− strains isolated in Germany between 2000 and 2011 from the environment, animal, food, and humans was investigated by phenotypic and genotypic methods to better understand the population structure and to identify potential sources of human infections. Strains of this monophasic serovar were highly diverse. Within the 67 strains analyzed, we identified 52 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis XbaI profiles, 12 different multilocus sequence types (STs), and 18 different pathogenicity array types. The relatedness of strains based on the pathogenicity gene repertoire (102 markers tested) was in good agreement with grouping by MLST.S. entericaserovar 4,[5],12:b:− is distributed across multiple unrelated eBurst groups and consequently is highly polyphyletic. Two sequence types (ST88 and ST127) were linked toS. entericaserovar Paratyphi B (d-tartrate positive), two single-locus variants of ST1583 were linked toS. entericaserovar Abony, and one sequence type (ST1484) was associated withS. entericaserovar Mygdal, a recently defined, new serovar. From the characterization of clinical isolates and those of nonhuman origin, it can be concluded that the potential sources of sporadic human infections withS. entericaserovar 4,[5],12:b:− most likely are mushrooms, shellfish/fish, and poultry.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin in Austria

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Allerberger ◽  
A Liesegang ◽  
K Grif ◽  
R Prager ◽  
J Danzl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Infected Cattle ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Latently Infected ◽  
Automated Ribotyping ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Dublin

In Austria, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Dublin, a bovine-adapted serovar, rarely causes infections in humans. In 2000, Austria was within the European mean with an incidence of 0.1 per million inhabitants. Our data show that the vast majority of all serovar Dublin infections (human and non-human) can be traced epidemiologically to two districts in the Tyrol. This concentration of cases can be explained by a particularly traditional aspect of cattle farming in this area, the alpine pasture. There is an increased risk of cross infection due to the communal keeping of animals from various farms. Infected cattle are a source of infection for humans, and transmission usually occurs from eating beef and drinking cows’ milk. Using pulsed field gel electrophoresis and automated ribotyping, three out of five isolates from human infections could be traced to characteristic Tyrolean Dublin clones. Bacteriological screening for faecal carriage before the transfer of cattle from risk-herds to the alpine pastures and before the return from risk-pastures to the farms would be a possible starting point to prevent cross-contamination of large mixed herds and contamination of pasture through latently infected cattle. Appropriate research is necessary.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Serotype Diversity of Salmonella enterica in the Estonian Meat Production Chain in 2016–2020

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1622
Author(s):  
Kaisa Kuus ◽  
Toomas Kramarenko ◽  
Jelena Sõgel ◽  
Mihkel Mäesaar ◽  
Maria Fredriksson-Ahomaa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Human Salmonellosis ◽  
Salmonella Serotypes ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Background: Salmonella enterica represents a considerable public concern worldwide, with farm animals often recognised as an important reservoir. This study gives an overview of the prevalence and serotype diversity of Salmonella over a 5-year period in the meat production chain in Estonia. Data on human salmonellosis over the same period are provided. Methods: Salmonella surveillance data from 2016 to 2020 were analysed. Results: The prevalence of Salmonella at the farm level was 27.7%, 3.3% and 0.1% for fattening pigs, cattle and poultry, respectively. S. Derby was the most prevalent serotype at the farm level for fattening pigs and S. Dublin for cattle. The top three serotypes isolated at the slaughterhouse and meat cutting levels were S. Derby, monophasic S. Typhimurium and S. Typhimurium with proportions of 64.7%, 9.4% and 7.0%, respectively. These serotypes were the top five most common Salmonella serotypes responsible for human infections in Estonia. S. Enteritidis is the main cause (46.9%) of human salmonellosis cases in Estonia, but in recent years, Enteritidis has not been detected at the slaughterhouse or meat cutting level. Conclusion: In recent years, monophasic S. Typhimurium has become epidemiologically more important in Estonia, with the second-highest cause in human cases and third-highest among the most prevalent serotypes of Salmonella enterica in the meat chain.

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