Web Crawling of Social Media and Related Web Platforms to Analyze Backyard Poultry Owners Responses to the 2018–2020 Newcastle Disease (ND) Outbreak in Southern California

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Gendreau ◽  
Shayne Ramsubeik ◽  
Maurice Pitesky
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Web Crawling ◽  
Backyard Poultry

scholarly journals Web-Crawling of Social Media to Analyze Backyard Poultry Owners Responses to the 2018-2020 Virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) Outbreak in Southern California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Pitesky ◽  
Joseph Gendreau ◽  
Shayne Ramsubeik
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Boolean Logic ◽  
Web Crawling ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
Negative Sentiment ◽  
Source Of Information

As social media becomes an ever-increasing staple of everyday life and a growing percentage of people turn to community driven platforms as a primary source of information, the data created from these posts can provide a new source of information from which to better understand an event in near real-time. The 2018-2020 outbreak of virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) in Southern California is the third outbreak of vND in Southern California within a 50-year time span. These outbreaks are thought to be primarily driven by non-commercial poultry (i.e. backyard and game fowl) in the region. Here we employed a commercial “web crawling” tool between June of 2018 and July of 2020 which encompassed the majority of the outbreak in order to collect all available online mentions of virulent Newcastle Disease (vND) in relation to the outbreak. A total of 2,498 posts in English and Spanish were returned using a Boolean logic-based string search. While the number of posts was relatively small, their impact as measured by the number of visitors to the website and the number of people viewing the post (where provided) was much larger. Using views as a metric, Twitter was identified as the most significant source of comments over blogs, forums and other news sites. Posts with negative sentiment were found to have a larger audience relative to posts with a positive sentiment. In addition, posts with negative sentiment peaked in May of 2019 which preceded the formation of the anti-depopulation group Save Our Birds (SOB). As the usage and impact of social media grows, the ability to utilize tools to analyze social media may improve both response and outreach-based strategies for various disease outbreaks including vND in Southern California which has a large non-commercial poultry population.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus from Backyard Poultry Farms and Live Bird Markets in Kenya

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene N. Ogali ◽  
Lucy W. Wamuyu ◽  
Jacqueline K. Lichoti ◽  
Erick O. Mungube ◽  
Bernard Agwanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Cleavage Site ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Protein Cleavage ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Live Bird Markets ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Poultry Farms ◽  
Live Bird

Newcastle disease (ND) is a serious disease of poultry that causes significant economic losses. Despite rampant ND outbreaks that occur annually in Kenya, the information about the NDV circulating in Kenya is still scarce. We report the first countrywide study of NDV in Kenya. Our study is aimed at evaluating the genetic characteristics of Newcastle disease viruses obtained from backyard poultry in farms and live bird markets in different regions of Kenya. We sequenced and analyzed fusion (F) protein gene, including the cleavage site, of the obtained viruses. We aligned and compared study sequences with representative NDV of different genotypes from GenBank. The fusion protein cleavage site of all the study sequences had the motif 112RRQKRFV118 indicating their velogenic nature. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the NDV from various sites in Kenya was highly similar genetically and that it clustered together with NDV of genotype V. The study samples were 96% similar to previous Ugandan and Kenyan viruses grouped in subgenotype Vd This study points to possible circulation of NDV of similar genetic characteristics between backyard poultry farms and live bird markets in Kenya. The study also suggests the possible spread of velogenic NDV between Kenya and Uganda possibly through cross-border live bird trade. Our study provides baseline information on the genetic characteristics of NDV circulating in the Kenyan poultry population. This highlights the need for the ND control programmes to place more stringent measures on cross-border trade of live bird markets and poultry products to prevent the introduction of new strains of NDV that would otherwise be more difficult to control.

scholarly journals Immune Status Against Newcastle Disease Virus in Backyard Poultry of Punjab Province, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ali Qureshi ◽  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Zubair Latif ◽  
Sadia Sarfaraz ◽  
Sohail Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Punjab Province

scholarly journals Diagnosis of virulent Newcastle disease in southern California, May 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco R. Carvallo ◽  
Janet D. Moore ◽  
Akinyi C. Nyaoke ◽  
Linda Huang ◽  
Beate M. Crossley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Southern California

scholarly journals Evaluation of Newcastle Disease antibody titers in backyard poultry in Germany with a vaccination interval of twelve weeks

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. e0238068
Author(s):  
Björn Oberländer ◽  
Klaus Failing ◽  
Celina M. Jüngst ◽  
Nicole Neuhaus ◽  
Michael Lierz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Disease Antibody

scholarly journals A meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies of Newcastle disease in African agro-systems, 1980–2009

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (6) ◽  
pp. 1117-1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. MIGUEL ◽  
V. GROSBOIS ◽  
C. BERTHOULY-SALAZAR ◽  
A. CARON ◽  
J. CAPPELLE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rural Livelihoods ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
And Control

SUMMARYNewcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important and widespread avian pests. In Africa, backyard poultry production systems are an important source of protein and cash for poor rural livelihoods. ND mortality in these production systems is important and seriously disrupts benefits derived from it. This study undertook an African continental approach of ND epidemiology in backyard poultry. After a systematic literature review of studies published from 1980 to 2009, a meta-analysis of spatio-temporal patterns of serological prevalence and outbreak occurrence was performed. Average ND serological prevalence was estimated at 0·67 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0·58–0·75] in regions characterized by humid ecosystems, high human and poultry densities and low altitudes; 0·36 (95% CI 0·30–0·41) in dry ecosystems at intermediate altitude where human and poultry densities are low and 0·27 (95% CI 0·19–0·38) in mountain ecosystems where human and poultry densities are intermediate. In terms of seasonality, ND outbreaks occur mostly during the dry seasons in Africa, when environmental conditions are likely to be harshest for backyard poultry. In addition, a phylogeographical analysis revealed the regionalization of ND virus strains, their potential to evolve towards a higher pathogenicity from the local viral pool and suggests a risk for vaccine strains to provide new wild strains. These results present for the first time a continent-wide approach to ND epidemiology in Africa. More emphasis is needed for ND management and control in rural African poultry production systems.

A Pedagogue's Progress, the Cunningham Turn, and the Birth of Creator Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1329878X2110438
Author(s):  
David Craig
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Southern California ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
The Past ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Research Initiative ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Global Research

As partners in an ongoing global research initiative over the past 6 years, Queensland University of Technology Distinguished Professor Stuart Cunningham and University of Southern California Clinical Professor David Craig mapped the rise of two competing communication and media industries, Social Media Entertainment and Wanghong. Alongside other vanguard scholars, Cunningham and Craig identified and framed the emergence of Creator Studies, an interdisciplinary field of studies focused on the dynamics of new forms of cultural production across social media platforms from diverse fields, methods, and epistemologies. These developments are described within a picaresque auto-ethnographic account of Cunningham's influence on the author's progression from Hollywood producer to scholar and pedagogue.

Epidemiological study of Newcastle disease in backyard poultry and wild bird populations in Switzerland

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Schelling ◽  
B. Thur ◽  
C. Griot ◽  
L. Audige
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Wild Bird ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Bird Populations

scholarly journals Sero-surveillance and risk factors for avian influenza and Newcastle disease virus in backyard poultry in Oman

2015 ◽  
Vol 122 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thunai Al Shekaili ◽  
Helen Clough ◽  
Kannan Ganapathy ◽  
Matthew Baylis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Backyard Poultry

scholarly journals Detection of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) in Laughing Doves and the Risk of Spread to Backyard Poultry

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
J. U. Okpanachi ◽  
J. U. Umoh ◽  
G. S. N. Kia ◽  
A. A. Dzikwi
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Haemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Poultry Production ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Backyard Poultry ◽  
Field Samples

AbstractNewcastle disease (ND) is a highly infectious viral disease of birds caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and doves have been incriminated in previous outbreaks of the disease that have discouraged backyard poultry productions. This survey was done to detect and characterize the NDV from 184 swabs from the cloacae and pharynxes of 67 trapped laughing doves and 25 backyard poultry birds. The study utilized haemagglutination assay (HA) followed by haemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests on HA positive samples to screen field samples. Conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was conducted on the HI positives to characterize the NDV. This study revealed that of 134 dove samples screened, 88 (65.7 %) were HA positive. Of these HA positives subjected to HI testing, 37 (42.1 %) were HI positive. Interestingly, 21 (56.8 %) of the HI positives were also RT-PCR positive: 8 lentogenic, 12 velogenic, while one had both lentogenic and velogenic NDV. Comparatively, of the 50 chicken samples screened, 23 (46 %) were HA positive; and of these, HA positives subjected to HI testing, 16 (69.6 %) were HI positive. Only 4 (25 %) of the HI positives were RTPCR positive: 3 lentogenic and a velogenic NDV. From this study it was concluded that laughing doves were demonstrated to be infected with either lentogenic or velogenic NDV or both. The use of red blood adsorption-de-adsorption concentration of NDV enhanced the RT-PCR detection using the fusion gene primers NDV-F 4829 and NDV-R 5031. The detection of not only lentogenic but velogenic NDV in laughing doves poses a great risk to backyard poultry production.

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