Optimization of Protein Extraction from Fermented and Non Fermented Perah Seed by using Response Surface Methodology

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamimah Satirah Mazlan ◽  
, Ida Idayu Muhamad ◽  
Nor Diana Hassan ◽  
Nuraimi Azlan Hadi Tan
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Surface Concentration ◽  
Protein Yield ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Degree Equation

The optimum protein extraction from fermented and non-fermented Perah seed (Elateriospermumtapos) was investigated using the response surface methodology (RSM). A box-behnken design with three independent variables which are NaOH concentration (6, 8 and 10%), extraction time (10, 20 and 30 minutes) and solvent/meal ratio (50:1, 100:1 and 150:1, v/w) was used to study the response of protein yield. A second-degree equation for independent and response variables was produced from simulation to obtain the contour plot graphs. The best protein extraction procedure from both fermented and non-fermented Perah seed was obtained at 5.5% of solvent extraction, 40:1 ratio of solvent/meal and at 32 minutes of reaction time. Surface concentration and ratio of solvent/meal were found to influence the protein yield from fermented seed; meanwhile only the solvent concentration influenced protein yield from non-fermented seed. The maximum protein yields for both fermented and non-fermented Perah seeds were 18.0 g/100g and 5.0 g/100g seed meal respectively.  

OPTIMIZATION OF PHYTOESTROGENS EXTRACTION FROM SOY GERM USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Chau Le Minh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Solid Ratio

Phytoestrogens are phytochemicals with antioxidant activities and potential health benefits. Their contents in soy germ is the highest compared to that in parts of soy seed. Response surface methodology (RSM) using Box Behnken Design of four factors was employed to optimize the extraction conditions for phytoestrogens. The Box Behnken Design with five replicates at central point was applied. The four independent variables investigated in this experiment were extraction time (X1) 60-120 minutes, solvent/solid ratio (X2) 8-12, extraction pH (X3) 8-10, ethanol concentration (X4) 50-70%. The high coefficient values indicated that the variables were fitted to the regression for the total phytoestrogens (R2 = 0.9887). Optimum conditions for maximizing total crude phytoestrogen content were 90 minutes for the extraction time, 12/1 for the extraction ratio, 9 for the extraction pH, and 65%  for the ethanol concentration.

Optimized characterization of response surface methodology on lubricant with titanium oxide nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Syahirah Mohamad ◽  
Salmiah Kasolang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Non Linear System

Purpose An optimized model is often deployed to reduce trial and error in experimental approach and obtain the multi-variant correlation. In this study, response surface methodology (RSM), namely, Box–Behnken design (BBD) approach, has been used to optimize the characterization of lubricant with additives. BBD is based on multivariate analysis whereby the effects of different parameters are considered simultaneously. It is a non-linear system which is more representative of the actual phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the effect of three independent variables, namely, speed, load and concentration of TiO2, on the coefficient of friction (CoF). Design/methodology/approach RSM was applied to get the multiplicity of the self-determining input variables and construct mathematical models. Mathematical models were established to predict the CoF and to conduct a statistical analysis of the independent variables’ interactions on response surface using Minitab 16.0 statistical software. Three parameters were regulated: speed (X1), load (X2) and concentration of TiO2 (X3). The output measured was the CoF. Findings The result obtained from BBD has shown that the most influential parameter was speed, followed by concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles and then normal load. Analysis of variance indicated that the proposed experiment from the quadratic model has successfully interpreted the experimental data with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9931. From the contour plot of BBD, the optimization zone for interacting variables has been obtained. The zone indicates two regions of lower friction values (<0.04): concentration between 0.5 to 1.0 Wt.% for a speed range of 1,000 to 2,000 rpm, and load between 17 to 20 kg for a speed in the range of 1,200 to 1,900 rpm. The optimized condition shows that the minimum value of CoF (0.0191) is at speed of 1,782 rpm, load of 20 kg and TiO2 concentration of 1.0 Wt.%. Originality/value In general, it has been shown that RSM is an effective and powerful tool in experimental optimization of multi-variants.

scholarly journals Optimization of biosorption of nickel(II) and cadmium(II) by indigenous seaweed Enteromorpha using response surface methodology

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholamreza Tolian ◽  
Seyed Ali Jafari ◽  
Saeid Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Biosorption Capacity ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Maximum Sorption

In the present paper, the biosorption capacity of an indigenous seaweed Enteromorpha sp. was assessed and compared for nickel(II) and cadmium(II) removal from aqueous solution. Response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken design was employed to achieve the optimum removal conditions as well as investigating the effects of some independent variables on the process performance. It was found that the maximum nickel(II) removal achieved was 87.16% under optimum conditions of pH 4.79, biomass concentration of 1,000 mg/L, contact time 70 min and temperature of 25 °C. For cadmium the optimum conditions were defined as pH 4.88, biomass concentration of 1,000 mg/L, contact time 50 min and temperature fixed at 65 °C which resulted in a maximum 75.16% removal. Equilibrium isotherm studies revealed that Freundlich and Langmuir models were more successful for describing nickel(II) and cadmium(II) biosorption data, respectively. The maximum sorption capacities of biomass, qmax, for nickel(II) and cadmium(II) were predicted as 250 and 167 mg/g, respectively, by the Langmuir model. The results suggest Enteromorpha seaweed as an eco-friendly and suitable biosorbent for nickel(II) and cadmium(II) removal from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Oxytetracycline Degradation by Heat-Activated Peroxydisulfate and Peroxymonosulfate Oxidation: Optimization by Box-Behnken Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kubra Ulucan-Altuntas ◽  
Senem Yazici Guvenc ◽  
Emine Can-Güven ◽  
Fatih Ilhan ◽  
Gamze Varank
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Thermal Activation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Prepared Response

Abstract This study investigates the removal of oxytetracycline performed by persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) processes. For this purpose, response surface methodology was used to examine the effectiveness of PS and PMS processes under both alkaline and thermal conditions. The effect of four independent variables, which were selected as pH, PS/PMS concentration, temperature, and time, were analyzed in a wide range. The working pH was between pH 3–11 to compare acidic and alkaline conditions, and the temperature was selected between 30 and 90°C to evaluate the effect of thermal activation of sulfate radicals for both processes. According to the results of prepared Response Surface Methodology (RSM) models, all four independent variables were determined to be highly significant for both PS and PMS. Especially in the PMS process, the highest PMS concentration was observed to complete degradation of OTC. The conditions for the highest removal were pH 9 and PS/PMS concentration was approximately 4mM for both processes, while the temperature and required time were 72.9°C and 75°C, 26.5 min and 20 min, for PS and PMS processes, respectively. PS process has higher kinetic constants at all pH values than the PMS process.

scholarly journals Orally disintegrating tablet: formulation design and optimisation using Response Surface Methodology

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Biljana Nestorovska-Gjosevska Nestorovska-Gjosevska ◽  
Marija Glavas-Dodov ◽  
Katerina Goracinova
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Independent Variables

The objective of this study was to develop diazepam orally disintegrating tablets and to optimize tablets characteristics using response surface methodology (RSM). Tablets were prepared by direct compression of mixture containing mannitol, copovidone, crosspovidone flavor and lubricant. A full factorial design for 2 factors at 3 levels each was applied to investigate the influence of 2 formulation variables on the mechanical strength/hardness, the percent of friability, disintegration time and dissolution of the poorly soluble active ingredient. The amounts of copovidone and crosspovidone were taken as independent variables. All data were analyzed by using statistical program. The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed that for obtaining a rapidly disintegrating dosage form, tablets should be prepared using an optimum concentration of crospovidone and copovidone. A contour plot is also presented to graphically represent the effect of the independent variables on the tablet hardness, disintegration time, percentage friability and dissolution. A checkpoint batch was also prepared to prove the validity of the evolved mathematical model. 3 level factorial design allowed us to obtain ODT with rapid disintegration and dissolution of the active ingredient with desirable properties of low tablet friability and appropriate mechanical strength (hardness) of the tablet.

Optimisation of the Oil Extraction from Nigella sativa Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
Gabriela Isopencu ◽  
Mirela Marfa ◽  
Iuliana Jipa ◽  
Marta Stroescu ◽  
Anicuta Stoica Guzun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Pareto Analysis ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Experimental Values

Nigella sativa, also known as black cumin, an annual herbaceous plant growing especially in Mediterranean countries, has recently gained considerable interest not only for its use as spice and condiment but also for its healthy properties of the fixed and essential oil and its potential as a biofuel. Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil, due to its high content in linoleic acid followed by oleic and palmitic acid, could be beneficial to human health. The objective of this study is to determine the optimum conditions for the solvent extraction of Nigella sativa seeds fixed oil using a three-level, three-factor Box-Behnken design (BBD) under response surface methodology (RSM). The obtained experimental data, fitted by a second-order polynomial equation were analysed by Pareto analysis of variance (ANOVA). From a total of 10 coefficients of the statistical model only 5 are important. The obtained experimental values agreed with the predicted ones.

Employment of Quality by Design approach via Response Surface Methodology to Optimize and Develop Modified Release formulation of Hydrochlorothiazide

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas D Singhai ◽  
Rahul Maheshwari ◽  
Swapnil Sharma ◽  
Sarvesh Paliwal
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Modified Release ◽  
Release Formulation

Background: Heart attack predominantly occurs during the last phase of sleep and early morning hours, causing millions of death worldwide. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is recommended drug for the prevention of heart disease but its long action (>4 h) dosage form is lacking in the commercial market and development of extended-release formulation may have industrial significance. Regulatory agencies emphasize Quality by Design based approach for product development to entrust quality in the product. Objective: Aim of the current research was to develop a quality product profile of HCTZ modified-release tablets (MRT; ~14 h) by applying Response Surface Methodology using computational QbD approach. Methods: Three independent factors were identified by qualitative and quantitative risk assessment. Statistical terms like p-value, lack of fit, sum of square, R-squared value, model F value and linear equations were determined. Graphical tools like normal plot of residual, residual vs predicted plot and box cox plot were used to verify model selection. Graphical relationship among the critical, independent variables was represented using the Contour plot and 3-D surface plot. Design space was identified by designing overlay plot using response surface design. Results: Excellent correlation was observed between actual and predicted values. Similarity Factor (F2) of reproducible trials was 78 and 79 and content uniformity was 100.9% and 100.4%. Average weight, hardness, thickness, diameter and friability were within acceptable limits. Conclusions: QbD approach along with quality risk management tool provided an efficient and effective paradigm to build quality MRT of HCTZ.

scholarly journals Optimizing Adsorption of 17α-Ethinylestradiol from Water by Magnetic MXene Using Response Surface Methodology and Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherm, and Thermodynamics Studies

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3150
Author(s):  
Mengwei Xu ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Jing Lu ◽  
Zihan Wu ◽  
Xianxin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

Magnetic MXene composite Fe3O4@Ti3C2 was successfully prepared and employed as 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) adsorbent from water solution. The response surface methodology was employed to investigate the interactive effects of adsorption parameters (adsorption time, pH of the solution, initial concentration, and the adsorbent dose) and optimize these parameters for obtaining maximum adsorption efficiency of EE2. The significance of independent variables and their interactions were tested by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test statistics. Optimization of the process variables for maximum adsorption of EE2 by Fe3O4@Ti3C2 was performed using the quadratic model. The model predicted maximum adsorption of 97.08% under the optimum conditions of the independent variables (adsorption time 6.7 h, pH of the solution 6.4, initial EE2 concentration 0.98 mg L−1, and the adsorbent dose 88.9 mg L−1) was very close to the experimental value (95.34%). pH showed the highest level of significance with the percent contribution (63.86%) as compared to other factors. The interactive influences of pH and initial concentration on EE2 adsorption efficiency were significant (p < 0.05). The goodness of fit of the model was checked by the coefficient of determination (R2) between the experimental and predicted values of the response variable. The response surface methodology successfully reflects the impact of various factors and optimized the process variables for EE2 adsorption. The kinetic adsorption data for EE2 fitted well with a pseudo-second-order model, while the equilibrium data followed Langmuir isotherms. Thermodynamic analysis indicated that the adsorption was a spontaneous and endothermic process. Therefore, Fe3O4@Ti3C2 composite present the outstanding capacity to be employed in the remediation of EE2 contaminated wastewaters.

scholarly journals Optimization of Crude Oil and PAHs Degradation by Stenotrophomonas rhizophila KX082814 Strain through Response Surface Methodology Using Box-Behnken Design

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Siddalingappa Virupakshappa ◽  
Manjunatha Bukkambudhi Krishnaswamy ◽  
Gaurav Mishra ◽  
Mohammed Ameenuddin Mehkri
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Rhizophila ◽  
Crude Oil Removal

The present paper describes the process optimization study for crude oil degradation which is a continuation of our earlier work on hydrocarbon degradation study of the isolate Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (PM-1) with GenBank accession number KX082814. Response Surface Methodology with Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize the process wherein temperature, pH, salinity, and inoculum size (at three levels) were used as independent variables and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon, Biological Oxygen Demand, and Chemical Oxygen Demand of crude oil and PAHs as dependent variables (response). The statistical analysis, via ANOVA, showed coefficient of determination R2 as 0.7678 with statistically significant P value 0.0163 fitting in second-order quadratic regression model for crude oil removal. The predicted optimum parameters, namely, temperature, pH, salinity, and inoculum size, were found to be 32.5°C, 9, 12.5, and 12.5 mL, respectively. At this optimum condition, the observed and predicted PAHs and crude oil removal were found to be 71.82% and 79.53% in validation experiments, respectively. The % TPH results correlate with GC/MS studies, BOD, COD, and TPC. The validation of numerical optimization was done through GC/MS studies and   % removal of crude oil.

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