A Review on Ultrasonic Process Tomography System

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sallehuddin Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Amri Md Yunus ◽  
Mohd Taufiq Md Khairi ◽  
Mahdi Faramarzi
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Ultrasonic Process ◽  
Process Vessel

The advantage of using a tomography system is that it provides visualization of component distributions inside a pipe or a process vessel. Tomography is widely used in the medical field. Due to its non-intrusive nature, tomography has caught the interest of various researchers in process applications. There is an extensive research using ultrasonic tomography for various applications. This paper is a review which expounds the principles of ultrasonic tomography systems, the hardware, and the software used in such systems.

A Novel Electrical Cpacitance Sensor Design For Dual Modality Tomography Multiphase Measurement

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Fazlul Rahman Yunus ◽  
Nor Muzakkir Nor Ayob ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Fatin Aliah Phang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiphase Flow ◽  
Flow Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Pipe Surface ◽  
Dual Modality ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Imaging Result ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Capacitance Tomography

Electrical capacitance tomography (ECT) is one of process tomography technique which is developed rapidly in recent years. ECT is an imaging technique to obtain the internal permittivity distribution of a vessel or pipe by using capacitance electrodes sensor. This method has been integrated with ultrasonic tomography as multimodality system to perform multiphase flow measurement such as crude oil separation and oil process industry. In the present paper, a novel type of ECT sensor was developed using copper FR4 material. The electrode sensors can be flexibly bend or curve to fit the pipe surface for optimum measurement. Thus, every single sensor strip is designed to be functioned independently. Such system has lower sensing capability in the central of the sensing area which often contributes to poor imaging result. This problem can be overcome by combining the ECT with ultrasonic tomography to form a dual modality tomography system. By implementing the new ECT sensor, multiphase flow measurement image results can be achieved. The reconstructed image results are presented in this paper.

scholarly journals Design Consideration for Front-End System in Ultrasonic Tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Muzakkir Nor Ayob ◽  
Muhammad Jaysuman Pusppanathan ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
Fazlul Rahman Mohd Yunu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducers ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Front End ◽  
Hardware Development ◽  
Important Concern ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Electronic Measurement ◽  
Further Development

The hardware development of the ultrasonic tomography comprises three main parts; the sensor unit, electronic measurement circuits combined with a data acquisition system and finally the display unit. The research done is focusing on the design considerations for the sensory unit which is also regarded as the front-end system. This part is an important concern for researchers in the field of ultrasonic, particularly for process tomography. Ultrasonic transducers are very sensitive piezo-mechanical component and as such its installation to complete the front-end system have to be properly configured. Many considerations and parameters that are well planned will promise significant impact on the sensor readings. Measurement errors can occur due to many aspects, thus this research aims to minimize such errors to be useful for further development in ultrasonic tomography system design.

FPGA TECHNOLOGY IN PROCESS TOMOGRAPHY

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lean Thiam Siow ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Fazalul Rahiman ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Shukry Abdul Majid ◽  
Salman Sayyidi Hamzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gate Arrays ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Ultrasonic Process ◽  
Field Programmable ◽  
Programmable Gate Arrays ◽  
Future Work

The aims of this paper are to provide a review of the process tomography applications employing field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) and to understand current FPGA related researches, in order to seek for the possibility to applied FPGA technology in an ultrasonic process tomography system. FPGA allows users to implement complete systems on a programmable chip, meanwhile, five main benefits of applying the FPGA technology are performance, time to market, cost, reliability, and long-term maintenance. These advantages definitely could help in the revolution of process tomography, especially for ultrasonic process tomography and electrical process tomography. Future work is focused on the ultrasonic process tomography for chemical process column investigation using FPGA for the aspects of low cost, high speed and reconstructed image quality.

A Review of Process Tomography Application in Inspection System

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmin Abdul Wahab ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Fazlul Rahiman ◽  
Herlina Abdul Rahim ◽  
Suzanna Ridzuan Aw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inspection System ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Non Destructive

The inspection system is crucial to ensure the system is always in a good condition. A technique that can be used for inspection system is process tomography. By promising non-destructive approach; various types of process tomography applied in civil, manufacturing and electrical applications. The purpose of this paper is to review the types of process tomography such as ultrasonic tomography, x-ray tomography, optical tomography, electrical resistance tomography, and electrical impedance tomography that had been applied to the inspection system. Variety techniques of inspection based on those sensors briefly discussed in this paper. The result showed that the process tomography expanded tremendously in the inspection system. Finally, a potential future research on the inspection system in the civil application proposed in this paper.

Design of an applied optical fiber process tomography system

2005 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Yan ◽  
Jing Zhong ◽  
Yanbiao Liao ◽  
Shurong Lai ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Fiber Process

Ultrasonic Sonic Imaging for a Two Phase System Based on Support Vector Machine Classifier

2014 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
Mohd Faizal Mat Desa ◽  
Muhammad Naufal Mansor ◽  
Ahmad Kadri Junoh ◽  
Amran Ahmed ◽  
Wan Suhana Wan Daud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Lamb Waves ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Ultrasonic Tomography ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Horizontal Pipe ◽  
Process Tomography

Multiphase flow characterization is an important task for monitoring, measuring or controlling industrial processes. This can be done by means of process tomography. The use of tomographic techniques has been used within the oil industry. One of the potential applications is flow visualization and measurement in producing wells. Research on industrial process tomography consists in obtaining estimated images of a cross section of a pipe or vessel containing or carrying the substances of the process. One category of process tomography is ultrasonic tomography technique. A simple tomography can be built by mounting a number of sensors around the circumference of a horizontal pipe. This includes acquiring and processing ultrasonic signals from the transducers to obtain the information of the spatial distributions of liquid and gas in an experimental column. Analysis on the transducers’ signals will be carrying out to distinguish between the observation time and the Lamb waves. The information obtained from the observation time is useful for further development of the image reconstruction. To obtain the time easily, the time will be calculated from the starting pulse of transmitter signal until the starting peak of receiver signal. Finally Support Vector Machine (SVM) was employed to distinguish of each phase between water and gas.

Research on Excitation & Measurement Strategy of Tuber Electrical Resistance Tomography System

2014 ◽  
Vol 577 ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Deng ◽  
Zhao Dong ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Hao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Electrical Resistance Tomography ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Measurement Strategy ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship

The non-invasion electrical process tomography of plant tuber or root is a new research field in the accurate cultivation of plants. Tuber Electrical Resistance Tomography (TERT) is aimed to extend the application of the technology into agriculture, which can help improving and breeding new varieties of the crops. This paper mainly studies excitation & measurement strategy. Especially the influences on distribution of sensitive field brought by the width and numbers of the array electrodes in the soil environment are analyzed. Besides, the relationship between the electrical conductivity and the measured boundary voltages is also discussed.

Application Of Neural Network Technique And Electrodynamic Sensors In The Identification Of Solid Flow Regimes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fua’ad Hj Rahmat ◽  
Hakilo Ahmed Sabit
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Concentration Profile ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
Flow Regime Identification ◽  
Profile Flow

Imaging of industrial processes have been accomplished with better efficiency and better control since the introduction of process tomography in several industries. This technique enables a deeper look into the internal conditions of a process without invading the process. In tomographic techniques, process information such as the distribution and velocity of the particles conveying at a particular plane can be obtained by placing sensors around the periphery of the plane. This paper is a continuation of a previous paper entitled Flow Regime Identification Using Neural Network–based Electrodynamic Tomography System in Jurnal Teknologi 40(D). This paper presents the results of sensors output in comparison to that of prediction models, concentration profiles and flow regimes identification obtained from the system described in the previous paper. Key words: Electrodynamic tomography, neural network, concentration profile, flow regimes

Design Of An Infrared Tomography System For Detection Of Bubbles

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Aizat Hashim ◽  
Yusri Yunos ◽  
Ruzairi Abdul Rahim ◽  
Herlina Abdul Rahim ◽  
Saiful Badri Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Attenuation ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Vertical Column ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Optical Process ◽  
Tomography System ◽  
Process Tomography ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Infrared Tomography ◽  
Analogue To Digital

Dalam kajian ini, sebuah sistem tomografi menggunakan penderia direka untuk digunakan untuk model paip menegak. Sistem tomografi ini akan digunakan untuk mengira jumlah buih sambil mengukur saiz buih yang terkandung dalam model paip yang diisi dengan air. Sistem ini akan direka bermula dari pemilihan jenis penderia optik sehinggalah ke teknik pemprosesan data. Penderia cahaya infra merah digunakan sebagai sumber cahaya untuk sistem ini. Sifat–sifat beberapa diod foto dikaji dan dibandingkan bagi memilih model yang sesuai untuk sistem ini. Mikro pengawal berfungsi untuk melakukan kerja penukaran isyarat analog ke digital. Beberapa eksperimen telah dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti prestasi sistem penderia tersebut. Hukum Lambert–Beer menyatakan bahawa atenuasi dan penyerapan cahaya berlaku apabila cahaya melintasi bahan yang berlainan. Beberapa eksperimen dijalankan bagi mengetahui sama ada sistem ini mampu mengesan buih dalam paip yang mengandungi air. Data yang diperoleh akan dibandingkan dengan hipotesis yang dibuat mengenai atenuasi dan penyerapan cahaya. Kata kunci: Tomografi optik; kadar halaju zarah; proses tomografi. In this study, an optical process tomography with 2 orthogonal projections is being designed to be implemented at a vertical column modelled. The tomography system will be designed from the development of transducer pairs to the data acquisition system implemented. Infrared emitters are being considered as a light source due to the difference of its wavelength with the wavelength of visible light. Photodiodes are being characterized and compared for maximizing its performance when integrated with the system. Microcontrollers are functioned to perform analogue–to–digital conversion. Experiments are being conducted to investigate whether the system is able to detect gas bubbles in the vertical column. The results from the studies will be compared with theoretical hypotheses of light absorption and light attenuation. Key words: Optical tomography; mass flow rate; process tomography

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