REVIEW ON THE POTENTIAL OF MICRO HYDRO ELECTRIC GENERATOR EMBEDDED AT EFFLUENT DISCHARGE OF SEWERAGE TREATMENT PLANT

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Arkam C. Munaaim ◽  
Nasrul Hamidin ◽  
Afizah Ayob
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Hydroelectric Generator ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Potential Motion ◽  
Effluent Discharge ◽  
Control Water

A micro hydroelectric generator is an energy conversion approach to generate electricity from potential (motion) energy to an electrical energy. It is desired to be implemented by using a micro-hydro electric generator which is embedded at the continuous flow of effluent discharge point of sewerage treatment plant (STP). Any conventional STP is appropriate with domestic wastewater and an effective and approved technology to control water discharged according to local requirements which at the same time suitable to drive a turbine rotation head of a dynamo. This paper evaluate the potential of electricity generation using micro-hydro generator turbine attached to a selective sizing of an electrical dynamo and system regulator to produce electrical energy which meets the minimum power quality for domestic use. The overview of micro hydro electric generator on the actual application and suggestion made by previous researchers is summarized.

scholarly journals Potential of Micro Hydroelectric Generator Embedded at 30,000 PE Effluent Discharge of Sewerage Treatment Plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 02037 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Che Munaaim ◽  
N. Razali ◽  
A. Ayob ◽  
N. Hamidin ◽  
M.A. Othuman Mydin
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Hydroelectric Generator ◽  
Effluent Discharge

A micro hydroelectric generator is an energy conversion approach to generate electricity from potential (motion) energy to an electrical energy. In this research, it is desired to be implemented by using a micro hydroelectric generator which is desired to be embedded at the continuous flow of effluent discharge point of domestic sewerage treatment plant (STP). This research evaluates the potential of electricity generation from micro hydroelectric generator attached to 30,000 PE sewerage treatment plant. The power output obtained from calculation of electrical power conversion is used to identify the possibility of this system and its ability to provide electrical energy, which can minimize the cost of electric bill especially for the pumping system. The overview of this system on the practical application with the consideration of payback period is summarized. The ultimate aim of the whole application is to have a self-ecosystem electrical power generated for the internal use of STP by using its own flowing water in supporting the sustainable engineering towards renewable energy and energy efficient approach. The results shows that the output power obtained is lower than expected output power (12 kW) and fall beyond of the range of a micro hydro power (5kW - 100kW) since it is only generating 1.58 kW energy by calculation. It is also observed that the estimated payback period is longer which i.e 7 years to recoup the return of investment. A range of head from 4.5 m and above for the case where the flow shall at least have maintained at 0.05 m3/s in the selected plant in order to achieved a feasible power output. In conclusion, wastewater treatment process involves the flowing water (potential energy) especially at the effluent discharge point of STP is possibly harvested for electricity generation by embedding the micro hydroelectric generator. However, the selection of STP needs to have minimum 4.5 meter head with 0.05 m3/s of continuously flowing water to make it feasible to harvest.

Effect of temperature on the treatment of domestic wastewater with a staged anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1145-1150 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Yoo ◽  
J. H. Kim ◽  
P. L. McCarty ◽  
J. H. Bae
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Chemical Cleaning

A laboratory staged anaerobic fluidized membrane bioreactor (SAF-MBR) system was applied to the treatment of primary clarifier effluent from a domestic wastewater treatment plant with temperature decreasing from 25 to 10 °C. At all temperatures and with a total hydraulic retention time of 2.3 h, overall chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) removals were 89% and 94% or higher, with permeate COD and BOD5 of 30 and 7 mg/L or lower, respectively. No noticeable negative effects of low temperature on organic removal were found, although a slight increase to 3 mg/L in volatile fatty acids concentrations in the effluent was observed. Biosolids production was 0.01–0.03 kg volatile suspended solids/kg COD, which is far less than that with aerobic processes. Although the rate of trans-membrane pressure at the membrane flux of 9 L/m2/h increased as temperature decreased, the SAF-MBR was operated for longer than 200 d before chemical cleaning was needed. Electrical energy potential from combustion of the total methane production (gaseous and dissolved) was more than that required for system operation.

A Batch Activated Sludge Study of Pineapple Wastewater Using a Bioaugmentation Process

1991 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nik Fuaad Nik Abllah ◽  
Aik Heng Lee
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Organic Removal ◽  
Sludge Production

A laboratory study was conducted to determine the feasibility of batch activated sludge reactor for treating pineapple wastewater and to examine the effects of bioaugmentation on treatment performance. The experimental set-up consists of eleven batch reactors. Activated sludge obtained from a wastewater treatment plant treating domestic wastewater was used as seed for the reactors. Synthetic pineapple wastewater was used as feed for the reactors. The eleven reactors were arranged to evaluate the total organic removal, nitrification, and sludge production by bioaugmentation process. Three major factors considered were influent organic loading, ammonia-nitrogen, and dosage of bacterial-culture-product addition. Removal of TOG (total organic carbon), sludge production in terms of SS(suspended solids), and ammonia-nitrogen removal variation are used as evaluation parameters. The TOC removal efficiency after the end of a 48 hour reactor run, for influent TOC of 350.14 to 363.30 mg/l, and 145.92 to 169.66 mg/l, was 94.41 to 95.89%, and 93.72 to 94.73% respectively. Higher organic removal was observed in the bioaugmented reactors with higher organic loading. The better organic removal efficiency in the bioaugmented reactors was probably due to activities of bacteria added. The test results also indicated that sludge yield was enhanced by the bacteria additive and high bacteria dosage produced less sludge. Bioaugmentation was observed to be a suitable alternative for enhancing the biological treatment of pineapple wastewater.

scholarly journals Simultaneous removal of BOD, N and P in a single continuous flow real scale activated sludge reactor with cyclic aeration

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Álvaro Orozco-Jaramillo ◽  
Santiago Vélez-Velásquez
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Activated Sludge Reactor ◽  
Anoxic Environment ◽  
Real Scale ◽  
Composite Samples

Abstract The present study evaluates the performance of a real scale domestic wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), operating under continuous flow conditions with ‘extremely high sludge age’, designed to remove organic matter and perform nitrification-denitrification within a single reactor under cyclic aeration. Composite samples were withdrawn from the reactor for one week and their analysis results compared satisfactorily with the calculations of the design models. The WWTP is operating under stable conditions with a BOD5 removal of 86%, COD removal of 87%, TKN removal of 73% and, unexpectedly, a stable removal of 55% of total phosphorus. The design of the WWTP is simple and consists of a single aeration tank with a kinetic selector and a secondary sedimentation tank, operating under cyclic conditions in the aeration tank, with 45-minute aeration on (oxic environment) and 15 minutes aeration off (anoxic environment). The system can be applied to upgrade WWTP from secondary to tertiary treatment with only small modifications. A phosphorus removal mechanism is also proposed.

scholarly journals Generator gas as a fuel to power a diesel engine

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Tutak ◽  
Arkadiusz Jamrozik
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compression Ignition ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Electric Generator ◽  
Generator Gas

The results of gasification process of dried sewage sludge and use of generator gas as a fuel for dual fuel turbocharged compression ignition engine are presented. The results of gasifying showed that during gasification of sewage sludge is possible to obtain generator gas of a calorific value in the range of 2.15 ? 2.59 MJ/m3. It turned out that the generator gas can be effectively used as a fuel to the compression ignition engine. Because of gas composition, it was possible to run engine with partload conditions. In dual fuel operation the high value of indicated efficiency was achieved equal to 35%, so better than the efficiency of 30% attainable when being fed with 100% liquid fuel. The dual fuel engine version developed within the project can be recommended to be used in practice in a dried sewage sludge gasification plant as a dual fuel engine driving the electric generator loaded with the active electric power limited to 40 kW (which accounts for approx. 50% of its rated power), because it is at this power that the optimal conditions of operation of an engine dual fuel powered by liquid fuel and generator gas are achieved. An additional advantage is the utilization of waste generated in the wastewater treatment plant.

scholarly journals Gasification of yeast industry treatment plant sludge using downdraft Gasifier

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azize Ayol ◽  
Ozgun Tezer ◽  
Alim Gurgen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Glassy Material ◽  
Gasification Process

Abstract Sludges produced in biological wastewater treatment plants have rich organic materials in their characteristics. Recent research studies have focused on the energy recovery from sludge due to its high organic content. The gasification process is a thermal conversion technology transforming the chemical energy contained in a solid fuel into thermal energy and electricity. The produced syngas as a mixture of CO, CH4, H2 and other gases can be used to generate electrical energy. The gasification of yeast industry sludge has been experimentally evaluated in a pilot scale downdraft-type gasifier as a route towards the energy recovery. The gasifier has 20 kg biomass/h fuel capacity. During gasification, the temperature achieved was more than 1,000°C in the gasifier, and then the syngas was transferred to the gas engine to yield the electricity. A load was connected to the grid box and approximately 1 kWh electrical power generation for 1 kg dry sludge was determined. The characteristics of residuals – ash, glassy material – were also analyzed. It was found that most of the heavy metals were fixed in the glassy material. Experimental results showed that the yeast industry sludge was an appropriate material for gasification studies and remarkable energy recovery was obtained in terms of power production by using syngas.

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