scholarly journals Effect of initial bacteria cells number and fermentation time on increasing nutritive value of sago flour

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setiyo Gunawan ◽  
Hakun Wirawasista Aparamarta ◽  
Ilham Muttaqin Zarkasie ◽  
Wuwuh Wijang Prihandini

Indonesia is the largest sago feedstock in the world. There are about 2 millions ha sago forest that approximately half of the world's sago forest is present in Indonesia. Naturally, sago spreads widely in Papua, while semi-cultivation is in Maluku, Sulawesi, Borneo, and Sumatra. The species sago (Metroxylon sago) was used in this study. It has a relatively high starch content (95.99%) with low amylose content (20.61%) and low protein content (1.63%). Modified sago flour is a product from sago flour that modified with fermentation to increase the nutritional value of the sago flour. It can be used as a gluten free flour and low-calorie food products. The bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum) was used in the fermentation. However, the color of the modified sago flour is off-white, if the fermentation time is too long. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the effect of fermentation time and initial bacteria cells number on increasing nutritive value of sago flour. The variables used were fermentation times (12, 24, and 36 h) and initial bacteria cells number (7 x 1010, 7 x 1011, 1.05 x 1012, and 3,05 1012 cells of L. plantarum). The result showed that amylose and protein content increased from 20.61% to 33,06% and from 1.41% to 4.11%, respectively, with bacterial variables of 3,5 x 1012 and fermentation time of 36 h.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. Ademiluyi ◽  
H. D. Mepba

The yield and properties of ethanol biofuel produced from five different whole cassava flours were investigated. Ethanol was produced from five different whole cassava flours. The effect of quantity of yeast on ethanol yield, effect of whole cassava flour to acid and mineralized media ratio on the yield of ethanol produced, and the physical properties of ethanol produced from different cassava were investigated. Physical properties such as distillation range, density, viscosity, and flash point of ethanol produced differ slightly for different cultivars, while the yield of ethanol and electrical conductivity of ethanol from the different cassava cultivars varies significantly. The variation in mineral composition of the different whole cassava flours could also lead to variation in the electrical conductivity of ethanol produced from the different cassava cultivars. The differences in ethanol yield are attributed to differences in starch content, protein content, and dry matter of cassava cultivars. High yield of ethanol from whole cassava flour is best produced from cultivars with high starch content, low protein content, and low fiber.


2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktorija Stamatovska ◽  
Gjore Nakov ◽  
Zora Uzunoska ◽  
Tatjana Kalevska ◽  
Marija Menkinoska

Pseudocereals and cereals are plant materials that have similar final uses as flours for bakery products. However, these plants are different botanically, as pseudocereals they are broadleaf plants, whereas as cereals they are grasses. The use of pseudocereals is of great nutritional interest because of their composition. Besides the high starch content, pseudocereals contain dietary fibre, good quality protein, vitamins, minerals, lipids rich in unsaturated fatty acids and other phytochemicals such as saponins, phytosterols, squalene, fagopyritols and polyphenols. This composition describes their potential as supplements or common cereal replacers. Because their content of gluten is low or there is no content of gluten, pseudocereals can be considered as gluten-free products, which can be incorporated in diets for coeliac disease. The incorporation of these seeds in the diets of coeliac patients should help alleviate the deficit in fibre intake. Their applicability in foods includes bread, biscuits, cakes and pasta which are mostly consumed. The three main species referring to pseudocereals are amaranth, quinoa and buckwheat. The aim of this study is to provide their applications in food products.


Author(s):  
E.A. Simakov ◽  
B.V. Anisimov ◽  
S.V. Zhevora ◽  
A.V. Mityushkin ◽  
A.A. Zhuravlev ◽  
...  

Цель работы: изучение эффективности использования доноров и родительских линий при реализации важнейших направлений селекции на основе оптимальных вариантов гибридизации и отбора селекционно ценных генотипов для улучшения питательной ценности клубней новых перспективных сортов картофеля. Материал исследований: сортообразцы из коллекции ВИР и ВНИИКХ, созданные на основе межвидовой гибридизации и последующих возвратных скрещиваний с сортами S. tuberosum. Исследования проводили в 20082018 годах на экспериментальных базах ВНИИКХ Коренево и Пышлицы Московской области. В результате изучения гибридов выявлено трансгрессивное расщепление по крахмалистости клубней при накапливающих скрещиваниях родителей с крахмалистостью 1819, существенно повышающее уровень этого признака в потомстве, слабо коррелирующего с урожайностью. Поэтому идентификация генотипов, сочетающих оба признака, отмечена только на уровне средней популяционной, совпадающей со средней крахмалистостью родителей, а результативность отбора низкокрахмалистых форм значительно выше, поскольку снижение уровня проявления признака не имеет отрицательной корреляции с урожайностью. Среди гибридов с высокой крахмалистостью (1921) клубней отмечены генотипы, содержащие от 50,6 до 61,5 крупных крахмальных гранул (60 мкм), что обусловливает вероятность отбора форм с высоким качеством крахмала. Установлена высокая корреляционная связь (0,897) содержания белка в клубнях родительских форм со средней белковостью потомства, что подтверждает наличие контроля этого признака аддитивно действующими полигенами. При этом в процессе естественного мейотического рекомбиногенеза в гибридных популяциях наблюдается увеличение белковости клубней гибридов в крайних классах вариационного ряда до 3,53,9, что превышает содержания белка контрольных образцов на 1,51,9. При измерении антиоксидантной активности (АОА) сортообразцов коллекционного питомника установлен ее высокий уровень (10321280 мг/кг) у гибридов с пигментированной окраской кожуры и мякоти клубней, отличающихся высоким содержанием каротиноидов и антоцианов, определяющих ее уровень. Среди гибридного потомства от скрещивания красно-фиолетовых и красноклубневых родительских форм отмечено на 9,712,0 больше фенотипов с красно-фиолетовой окраской в сравнении с вариантами скрещивания одинаковых по окраске сортообразцов. Использование выделенных сортообразцов в качестве доноров комплекса хозяйственно полезных признаков позволяет ускорить селекционный процесс и сократить затраты на создание новых сортов картофеля с улучшенной питательной ценностью клубней.The purpose of the work: to study the effectiveness of using donors and parent lines in the implementation of the most important areas of selection based on optimal hybridization options and selection of breeding valuable gene types to improve the nutritional value of tubers of new promising potato varieties. The research material: varietal samples from the collection of VIR and Lorch Potato Research Institute, created on the basis of interspecific hybridization and subsequent return crosses with varieties of S. tuberosum. The research was carried out in 20082018 at the experimental bases of Lorch Potato Research Institute Korenevo and Pyshlitsy Moscow region. As a result of studying hybrids transgressive cleavage of tubers by starchiness was found in accumulating crosses of parents with a starchiness of 18-19, which significantly increases the level of this trait in the offspring, which is rarely correlated with yield. Therefore, identification of genotypes, combined the two features observed only at the level of the average population, coinciding with the average starch content parents, and the effectiveness of the selection low-starchy forms is much higher, since the decrease in the level of a trait has negative correlation with productivity. Hybrids with high starchiness (1921) of tubers, genotypes containing from 50.6 to 61.5 of large starch granules ( 60 mkm) are measured, which makes it possible to select forms with a high starch content. A high correlation (0.897) of the protein content in tubers of the parent forms with the average protein content of the offspring was established, which confirms the presence of control of this feature by additive acting polygens. At the same time, during natural meiotic recombination in hybrid populations, the protein content of hybrid tubers in the extreme classes of the variation series increases to 3.53.9, which exceeds the protein content of control samples by 1.51.9. When measuring the antioxidant activity (AOA) of collectible nursery cultivars, its high level (10321280 mg/kg) was established in hybrids with pigmented skin and pulp of tubers, characterized by a high content of carotenoids and anthocyanins that determine its level. Among the hybrid offspring from the crossing of red-purple and red-tuberous parent forms, the largest number of phenotypes with red-purple color was noted, exceeding by 9.712 other variants. The use of selected variety samples as donors of a complex of economically useful features allows speeding up the selection process and reducing the cost of creating new potato varieties with improved nutritional value of the tubers.


Author(s):  
Liena Poiša ◽  
Veneranda Stramkale ◽  
Aleksandrs Adamovičs

Bioethanol production is one of cereal’s using ways. COM 2003/30/EC: Directive on the promotion of the use of biofuels or other renewable fuels for transport orders that proportion of biofuels in 2010 must be -5.75% but in 2020 – 10%. The object of research is to study the influence of winter crops cultivation’s technology on quality of grain and suitability for bioethanol production. Field research was organized in the Agricultural Science Centre of Latgale from 2005 to 2008. There were researched 5 fertilizer rates and the influence of varieties on the grain yield and starch in the experiment for 3 years. Starch content, yield and the result of bioethanol have changed depended on species of cereals, varieties, growing year and fertilizer rate. It is recommended to use good quality grains with high starch content and low protein content for bioethanol production.


2021 ◽  
Vol 306 ◽  
pp. 05012
Author(s):  
Heru Ponco Wardono ◽  
Ali Agus ◽  
Andriyani Astuti ◽  
Nono Ngadiyono ◽  
Bambang Suhartanto

Indonesia has the biggest sago palm forest and cultivation as well as its rich of genetic diversities. Sago planting area in Indonesia has a land area more than 5.5 million hectare (85% of world’s sago land area). Currently, the use of sago only focuses on the starch contained in it. Sago hampas is starchy lignocellulosic by-product generated from pith of sago palm after starch extraction. Sago hampas in Indonesia is very abundant, cheaply and not used optimally. Due to its fiber and starch content, sago hampas could be utilized as animal feed especially for ruminants. Sago hampas are limited in their use in making ruminants feed, because it has a high crude fiber and low protein content. Therefore, before the sago hampas is given as ruminant feed, the quality of sago hampas needs to be improve by processing technology. One method of processing sago hampas that can be applied is fermentation. The present study showed that of the utilization of sago hampas had a positive effect on ruminants performance. This review aims to examine the potential of sago hampas as basal feed ruminant as well as efforts to improve their nutritional value.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debayan Mondal ◽  
Prudveesh Kantamraju ◽  
Susmita Jha ◽  
Gadge Sushant Sundarrao ◽  
Arpan Bhowmik ◽  
...  

AbstractIndigenous folk rice cultivars often possess remarkable but unrevealed potential in terms of nutritional attributes and biotic stress tolerance. The unique cooking qualities and blissful aroma of many of these landraces make it an attractive low-cost alternative to high priced Basmati rice. Sub-Himalayan Terai region is bestowed with great agrobiodiversity in traditional heirloom rice cultivars. In the present study, ninety-nine folk rice cultivars from these regions were collected, purified and characterized for morphological and yield traits. Based on traditional importance and presence of aroma, thirty-five genotypes were selected and analyzed for genetic diversity using micro-satellite marker system. The genotypes were found to be genetically distinct and of high nutritive value. The resistant starch content, amylose content, glycemic index and antioxidant potential of these genotypes represented wide variability and ‘Kataribhog’, ‘Sadanunia’, ‘Chakhao’ etc. were identified as promising genotypes in terms of different nutritional attributes. These cultivars were screened further for resistance against blast disease in field trials and cultivars like ‘Sadanunia’, ‘T4M-3-5’, ‘Chakhao Sampark’ were found to be highly resistant to the blast disease whereas ‘Kalonunia’, ‘Gobindabhog’, ‘Konkanijoha’ were found to be highly susceptible. Principal Component analysis divided the genotypes in distinct groups for nutritional potential and blast tolerance. The resistant and susceptible genotypes were screened for the presence of the blast resistant pi genes and association analysis was performed with disease tolerance. Finally, a logistic model based on phenotypic traits for prediction of the blast susceptibility of the genotypes is proposed with more than 80% accuracy.


Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 872
Author(s):  
Nurfarhana Shaari ◽  
Rosnah Shamsudin ◽  
Mohd Zuhair Mohd Nor ◽  
Norhashila Hashim

In this study, physical and chemical properties (dry matter, ash, moisture, protein, fat, fiber, carbohydrate, starch, amylose, and vitamin C) of sweet potato tuber and flour of Anggun 1 cultivar were evaluated at different conditions. During peeling, the tuber and flour were processed subjected to three different conditions, which were unpeeled tubers (C1), peeled tubers (C2), and skin of tuber only (C3). From the results, the highest (p < 0.05) dry matter was observed in C1 while higher contents of ash, moisture, and protein were found in C3. Regarding the fat and vitamin C content, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between each condition. The highest fiber, carbohydrate, and amylose content (p < 0.05) were found in C1. The C1 and C2 reflected significantly higher (p < 0.05) starch content. Overall, these results provide important information about the peeling effect on the physical and chemical properties of Anggun 1. The information could be used as adding value to healthy food in the Malaysian diet due to the nutritional value of sweet potato.


2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Jing Guo ◽  
Xing-Lu Luo ◽  
Mao-Gui Wei ◽  
Zhao-Liang Liu ◽  
Wu-Jing Fan ◽  
...  

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