scholarly journals Analysis of The Relationship Between Income Inequality snd Poverty Prevalence in Selected North Central States of Nigeria: 1991 – 2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Ndako Yahaya Shaba ◽  
S. A. J. Obansa ◽  
Sule Magaji ◽  
Mohammed Yelwa
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
North Central

Poverty in Nigeria has been described as pervasive owing to the fact that the nation has witnessed a persistent increase in poverty level over the years despite various poverty alleviation programs. More so, it has been argued that income inequality is a manifestation as well as strong cause of poverty. The study therefore analyses the empirical relationship between income inequality and poverty prevalence among households in selected North Central States in Nigeria. This study employed survey method supported by time series data using regression analysis A representative sample of 600 respondents was planned for the survey in order to have at least 462 households responding. The result shows that dependency ratio, level of calorie intake, poverty per head counts are important factor influencing the level of poverty prevalence. Hence the study observes a substantial correlation between income inequality and poverty prevalence in the studied North Central Nigeria. The study therefore recommends a deliberate policy of reducing income inequality through equitable distribution of income and acceptable revenue sharing formula, need to campaign against large family size, providing subsidy and credit facilities for farmers and artisans true co-operatives, overhauling existing poverty alleviation programme and finally instituting good governance in every sphere of government activity which is a sine-qua-non for poverty reduction.

scholarly journals Manifestation of Income Inequality and Poverty Prevalence in Selected North Central States of Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 130
Author(s):  
Ndako Yahaya Shaba ◽  
Mohammed Yelwa ◽  
Obansa S.A.J. ◽  
Sule Magaji
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Capital Income ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
North Central ◽  
Percent Success ◽  
Rural Dwellers ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p><em>Poverty in Nigeria has been described as pervasive owing to the fact that the nation has witnessed a persistent increase in poverty level over the years. More so, there has been a renewed and growing concern about poverty and income inequality due to their negative implications for both economic growth and social peace. In Nigeria, the twin issues of poverty and inequitable income distribution present a paradox. This is because, though the country is rich in land, human and natural resources, yet 70 percent of Nigerians are still considered poor with low per capital income. More so, it has been argued that income inequality is a manifestation as well as strong cause of poverty. The study therefore analyses the empirical relationship between manifestation of income inequality and poverty prevalence among households in selected North Central States in Nigeria. This study employed survey method using structured questionnaire. A representative sample of 600 respondents was planned for the survey in order to have at least 462 households responding. However, the study has 501 household respondents representing 84 percent success rate. The result shows that 84 percent households believe that income inequality is a major determinant of poverty in Nigeria and 76 percent also agreed that poverty occur most in rural area than urban areas. It was found that a disproportionate share in income across divide would exacerbate poverty among rural dwellers particularly farmers, artisans, and traders. The study therefore recommends a deliberate policy of reducing income inequality so as to reduce the incidence of poverty especially among the rural dwellers.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS RELATED TO THE FACTORS WHICH AFFECT THE POVERTY LEVELS OF DISTRICTS/CITIES IN JAMBI PROVINCE DURING 2014-2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 451-462
Author(s):  
Muhammad Safri
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Poverty Levels

Poverty is an issue faced by nearly all developing countries or third world countries, including Indonesia. Jambi Province is one of the provinces in Indonesia which cannot be separated from poverty. Several efforts have been made by district/city governments in Jambi Province to reduce its levels by implementing the poverty alleviation programs issued by the central government. These implementation of poverty alleviation programs carried out by the district/cities governments in Jambi Province showed there has been reduction over these issues in districts/cities in Jambi Province, but only in a small percentage. The economic growth which tends to increase every year in the districts/cities of Jambi Province has not been followed by a significant reduction in poverty levels. This condition required the districts/cities governments to advance a more comprehensive strategy in carrying out poverty alleviation that takes place in districts/cities of Jambi Province. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate those factors which affected the poverty level in districts/cities of Jambi Province. Data used in this research included panel data, namely the 2013-2018 time series data and the cross section data of 11 districts/cities through the Fixed Effect Model approach. These results showed that economic growth and Human Development Index had a significant negative affect on poverty levels.

Americans' Social Policy Preferences in the Era of Rising Inequality

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie McCall ◽  
Lane Kenworthy
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Policy Preferences ◽  
Alternative Possibilities ◽  
Series Data

Rising income inequality has been a defining trend of the past generation, yet we know little about its impact on social policy formation. We evaluate two dominant views about public opinion on rising inequality: that Americans do not care much about inequality of outcomes, and that a rise in inequality will lead to an increase in demand for government redistribution. Using time series data on views about income inequality and social policy preferences in the 1980s and 1990s from the General Social Survey, we find little support for these views. Instead, Americans do tend to object to inequality and increasingly believe government should act to redress it, but not via traditional redistributive programs. We examine several alternative possibilities and provide a broad analytical framework for reinterpreting social policy preferences in the era of rising inequality. Our evidence suggests that Americans may be unsure or uninformed about how to address rising inequality and thus swayed by contemporaneous debates. However, we also find that Americans favor expanding education spending in response to their increasing concerns about inequality. This suggests that equal opportunity may be more germane than income redistribution to our understanding of the politics of inequality.

scholarly journals An assessment of the interrelations between country risk, economic growth and good governance: The case of the Visegrád four

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 610-627
Author(s):  
Daniel Francois Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Country Risk ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Short Run

nvestors assess the environment and the level of risk before they invest in a specific region or country. Several country risk indexes have been developed since the beginning of the 1990s, using risk factors such as politics, the economy and sovereign risk factors. This study aims to determine the relationships between the country risk index, economic performance and good governance. The study implemented a quantitative research methodology with panel data, focusing on the four Visegrad countries, using time-series data from 1996 to 2019. The results indicate both long- and short-run relationships. Both GDP and good governance significantly impact the country risk index with coefficients of between 0.17 to 0.31 and 0.02 to 0.15 according to different estimation models. The Granger causality results indicated that both GDP and good governance cause changes in the country risk indexes of the countries, and good governance causes increased economic performance. In conclusion, the study showed clear evidence that a lower country risk index is important to attract investment and sustained economic growth and good governance is critical in this process.          

scholarly journals The dynamic relationship between stock returns and trading volumes in Nepalese stock market

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
Prem Lal Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Stock Returns ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Dynamic Relationship

 In finance, the relationship between stock returns and trading volume has been the subject of extensive research over the past years. The main motivation for these studies is the central role that trading volume plays in the pricing of financial assets when new information comes in. As being interrelated and interdependent subjects, a study regarding the trading volume and stock returns seem to be vital. It is a well-researched area in developed markets. However, very few pieces of literature are available regarding the Nepalese stock market that explores the association between trading volume and stock return. Realizing this fact, this paper aims to examine the empirical relationship between trading volume and stock returns in the Nepalese stock market using time series data. The study sample is comprised of 49 stocks traded on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE) from mid-July 2011 to mid-July 2018. This study examines the Granger Causality relationship between stock returns and trading volume using the bivariate VAR model used by de Medeiros and Van Doornik (2008). The study found that the overall Nepalese stock market does not have a causal relationship between trading volume and return on the stock. In the case of sector-wise study, there is a unidirectional causality running from trading volume to stock returns in commercial banks and stock returns to trading volume in finance companies, hydropower companies, and insurance companies. There is no indication of any causal effect in the development bank, hotel, and other sectors. This study also finds that there is no evidence of bidirectional causality relationships in any sector of the Nepalese stock market.

The impact of Benin’s first public procurement code and its amendment on healthcare equipment acquisition prices

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamphile Thierry Houngbo ◽  
Maikel Kishna ◽  
Marjolein Zweekhorst ◽  
Daton Medenou ◽  
Joske G.F. Bunder-Aelen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health Care Equipment

PurposeTo satisfy donors and reduce public procurement acquisition prices, Benin has implemented and amended its first public procurement code guided by top-down principles of good governance.Design/methodology/approachThis study aims to measure the impact of the code and its amendment on public procurement acquisition prices of health-care equipment from 1995 to 2010.FindingsA segmented linear regression analysis was performed using interrupted time-series data. The analysis shows that the code and its amendment did not reduce acquisition prices, indicating the limited impact of the code. The authors recommend the implementation of bottom-up processes in establishing the public procurement system, and the development of a reference pricelist of the most widely used health-care equipment, as possible solutions for improving the effectiveness of the code.

scholarly journals Growth Governance Nexus: A Case of Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 562-572
Author(s):  
Rabia Nazir ◽  
Mumtaz Anwar .
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Tremendous Importance ◽  
Free Media ◽  
Political Economic

Good governance has gained tremendous importance in the development agenda of developing economies since 1990s but growth literature gives mixed picture about the role of governance and institutional factors in explaining GDP growth. The present study is an attempt to provide empirical evidence on interlinks between governance and GDP growth. ADF and Johansen co-integration tests are applied for econometric testing of the hypothesis by using time series data from 1984 to 2010. All the variables turned out to be significant with ICRG (proxy used for governance) having positive and significant impact on GDP growth of Pakistan. Results of the study have shown that governance plays major role in determining GDP growth pattern of Pakistan. A complete reform of the political, economic system, judiciary, bureaucracy and a free media are recommended to improve governance and to achieve sustained GDP growth in Pakistan consequently.

scholarly journals CAN REMITTANCES BOOST TAX REVENUES IN ZIMBABWE? A SECONDARY QUARTERLY TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-144
Author(s):  
Michael Takudzwa Pasara ◽  
◽  
Michael Zuze ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Tax Revenues ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Government

The study applied the ordinary least squares (OLS) technique on quarterly time-series data to analyze if remittances can boost tax revenue in Zimbabwe. The main challenge faced in Zimbabwe is the insufficient tax revenues to finance growing public spending needs. Results indicate that the share of remittances both in the current and lagged period significantly influenced income tax revenue and the volume of manufacturing. Trade openness was found to be insignificant. Similar results were also observed for the variables when value-added tax to total revenue was the dependent variable. When lagged variables were taken into account, results showedthat only remittances were significant. Thus, increased remittance inflows have significant potential to generate more taxes for the government through income and consumption taxes. The study recommends the creation of platforms, which stimulate and attract more remittances, such as reducing costs of sending remittances through formal channels. Secondly, good governance and quality institutions provide appropriate economic environment and growth policies. Economic growth fosters increased and sustainable tax due to an increased tax base.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB) terhadap Tingkat Kemiskinan Kota Medan

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-693
Author(s):  
Reni Ria Armayani Hasibuan ◽  
Anggi Kartika ◽  
Firdha Aigha Suwito ◽  
Lismaini Agustin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Simple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
A Value

This study has the benefit of analyzing the effect of regional gross domestic product on poverty in the city of Medan in 2010-2020. The research method used is a quantitative method with reference to a descriptive approach. The data used is time series data on economic growth and poverty at the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Medan City in 2010-2020. Data collection techniques used are journals, book documentation, and previous reports. The technique of analyzing the data uses simple linear regression analysis which is carried out to determine whether the model used is free from deviations from the classical assumption test. The equations obtained from the simple linear regression analysis test Y = 24576.325 – 0.365X and have the understanding that the GRDP variable (X) has a significant effect on Poverty (Y). Obtained a value of R2 (R square) of 0.556 with the understanding that the independent variable, namely GRDP, affects the variable of the poverty level in Medan City by 55.6%. Meanwhile, the remaining 44.4% are influenced by different independent variables and are not included in this study. For this reason, it can be concluded that when GRDP increases, it will have an impact on decreasing the value of Poverty in Medan City, and vice versa. Keywords: Gross Regional Domestic Product; Poverty; Medan city

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