scholarly journals Evaluation of the Rapid Weight Loss Practices of Taekwando Athletes and Their Effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Sinan Seyhan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Fluid Loss ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
Body Temperature Increase

This study was conducted to determine the physiological and psychological effects of the weight loss by determining the weight loss methods commonly used by taekwondo athletes. Of the questionnaires evaluated, 107 belonged to female taekwondo athletes and 195 belonged to male taekwondo athletes. The arithmetic average, standard deviation and percent frequency (%) distributions of the obtained data were calculated. It was determined that the; first weight loss age for the competition is 15,66±3,84(kg) in males and 15,95±3,16(kg) in females; the highest weight loss rate before the competition is 4,52±2,77 (kg) in males and 4,40±5,36 (kg) in females. It was stated that 30.3% of male athletes and 41.1% of female athletes start to lose weight 3-4 weeks before the competition, that male and female athletes prefer the diet method most frequently as a rapid weight loss method and 21.5% of athletes who use the weight loss method with fluid loss prefer to run with raincoat. The athletes do not use ergogenic aids and the frequency percentage of physiological (muscle cramps, body temperature increase, heart throb, dyspnea, injury) and psychological (excessive nervousness, low performance due to high fatigue, stress) adverse effects of fast weight loss is very low.Conclusion: Unlike other martial athletes, it has been determined that Taekwondo athletes do not start to lose weight at an early age and that the majority of them try to reach the weight they want by applying the diet method among rapid weight loss methods in a very short time before the competition.

A Note on Groove Depth Changes Without Wear

1980 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-12
Author(s):  
F. C. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Groove Depth ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Low Rate

Abstract Tread wear rates during first wear measured by groove depth and weight changes do not always agree. Sometimes, the groove depth method shows a high rate and the weight loss method a low rate. Reported here are experiments designed to determine if grooves show depth changes without wear. Four tires were measured before mounting on a wheel, after mounting and inflation, and after inflation and storage. The mounted and inflated tires showed shallower shoulder grooves and deeper center grooves than the unmounted tires. In a second experiment, tires were measured immediately after a tread wear test and then stored mounted for two weeks before remeasuring. Each groove became deeper, and there was no change in the crown radius of any tire.

scholarly journals Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects of Sodium Molybdate-Zn2+System

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1746-1752 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wilson Sahayaraj ◽  
A. John Amalraj ◽  
Susai Rajendran ◽  
N. Vijaya
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Inhibition Efficiency ◽  
Sodium Molybdate ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Protective Film ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Polarization Study ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method

The inhibition efficiency (IE) of sodium molybdate (SM) in controlling corrosion of carbon steel in an aqueous solution containing 120 ppm of Cl-, in the absence and presence of Zn2+has been evaluated by weight-loss method. A synergistic effect exists between SM and Zn2+when the concentration of Zn2+is 25 ppm and above. Inhibition efficiencies obtained are greater than 85%. Antagonistic effect exists between SM and Zn2+when the concentration of Zn2+is 10 ppm and below. The SM-Zn2+system shows excellent IE up to third day. Above third day IE decreases. Acceleration of corrosion takes place. Excellent IE is shown at pH 5,7 and 12. At pH 9, IE decreases since Zn2+is precipitated as Zn(OH)2in the bulk of the solution. Polarization study reveals that SM-Zn2+system functions as a mixed inhibitor. FTIR spectra reveal that the protective film consists of Fe2+-SM complex and Zn(OH)2.

Experimental Research on Erosion of P110 Tubing during Perforating

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2244-2247
Author(s):  
Hu Sun ◽  
Zhi Jun Ning ◽  
Zu Wen Wang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Zhi Guo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
Gas Fields

Erosion is a main failure of tubings and downhole tools in Changqing gas field. It is necessary to evaluate the erosion rate for the safety of tubing and strings. In this paper, the erosion of P110 steel, in the 0.2%wt guar gum fracturing fluid which contains sands, is investigated by weight loss method in the self-made jet experiment device. It is indicated that the erosion rate increases with the increment of slurry velocity exponentially. When the slurry velocity is in low velocity area, the electrochemical corrosion of dissolved oxygen dominates in erosion mechanism; when slurry velocity increases into middle velocity area, the weight loss is controlled by the synergism of corrosion-erosion; and when the slurry velocity increases into high velocity area, the weight loss rate is dominantly depended on erosion of particles. The results can provide guidelines for large-scale fracturing work of Changqing gas fields.

The Effect of Regional Selectivity on the Corrosion Inhibition Properties of Synthetic Ionic Liquid with the Synergistic Action of Cation and Anion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Sun ◽  
Xinyue Wang ◽  
huajing Gao ◽  
Feng Chen ◽  
Xing-Bao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Corrosion Inhibition ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method ◽  
Regional Selectivity

By adding different proportions of N-buthylimidazole and carboxyethylthiosuccinic acid (CETSA), three hybrid systems of ionic liquids were synthesized and named ILHS1, ILHS2 and ILHS3. By using weight loss method, electrochemical...

Rapid Weight Gain Following Weight Cutting in Male and Female Professional Mixed Martial Artists

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kadhiresan R. Murugappan ◽  
Ariel Mueller ◽  
Daniel P. Walsh ◽  
Shahzad Shaefi ◽  
Akiva Leibowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Rapid Weight Gain ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Small Series

Rapid weight loss or “weight cutting” is a common but potentially harmful practice used in mixed martial arts competition. Following the official weigh-in, competitors refeed and rehydrate themselves in a process known as rapid weight gain (RWG) to realize a potential competitive advantage. While data from surveys and small series have indicated the majority of mixed martial arts athletes engage in rapid weight loss, there is a lack of officially collected data from sanctioning organizations describing its prevalence. The present investigation represents a summary of the data collected between December 2015 and January 2018 by the California State Athletic Commission. In total, 512 professional mixed martial artists (455 males and 57 females) were included. Of these, 503 (98%) athletes gained body mass between weigh-in and their bouts. Total RWG between weigh-in and competition was 5.5 ± 2.5 kg, corresponding to an 8.1% ± 3.6% body mass increase. Total RWG was 5.6 ± 2.5 kg (8.1% ± 3.6%) for males and 4.5 ± 2.3 kg (8.0% ± 3.8%) for females. More than one quarter of men and one third of women gained >10% body mass between weigh-in and competition. Athletes from leading international promotions gained more absolute, but not relative, body mass than those from regional promotions. Our findings indicate RWG is nearly ubiquitous in professional , with a similar prevalence in male and female athletes. Trends based on promotion suggest a larger magnitude of RWG in presumably more experienced and/or successful mixed martial artists from leading international promotions.

Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy in Palm Oil Methyl Ester (B100)

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Wan Nik ◽  
S. Syahrullail ◽  
R. Rosliza ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. F. R. Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Electrochemical Test ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method

The aim of this study is to determine the corrosion effect of palm oil methyl ester (POME) on aluminium alloy 5083 (AA5083). The static immersion test was carried out at 60°C for 68 days according to ASTM G–31–72. The corrosion analysis was done by using weight loss method and electrochemical test. The result from weight loss method shows the decreasing in weight loss of AA5083 which signifies the ability of POME to reduce corrosion rate. The electrochemical test shows the decreasing in polarization resistance,Rp, while the corrosion current densities, Icorr, increase. The corrosion rate reduces from 2.250mpy to 0.1946mpy. The low concentration of fatty acid C18:2 and high anti oxidant element contributes to the reduction of corrosion rate of AA5083 in POME.

EVALUATION OF A SIMPLE WEIGHT-LOSS METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE PERMEATION OF ORGANIC LIQUIDS THROUGH RUBBER FILMS

AIHAJ ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 445-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.L. Mickelsen ◽  
R.C. Hall ◽  
R.T. Chern ◽  
J.R. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Organic Liquids ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method

scholarly journals The inhibition of mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution by radish leaf extract

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (70) ◽  
pp. 40997-41009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyi Li ◽  
Panpan Zhang ◽  
Xinyu Guo ◽  
Xiaowei Zhao ◽  
Ying Xu
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Steel Corrosion ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
H2so4 Solution ◽  
Mild Steel Corrosion ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method

The inhibitory effect of radish leaf extract (RLE) on mild steel corrosion in 0.5 M H2SO4 was studied by the weight loss method and the electrochemical method.

Study on Corrosion Resistance of Brass in Circulating Cooling Water with Different Concentration Ratio

2012 ◽  
Vol 511 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
Yu Chun Li ◽  
Xiao Wei Liu ◽  
Rui Feng Zhang ◽  
Kang Juan ◽  
Fan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cooling Water System ◽  
Circulating Cooling Water ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Ratio Condition ◽  
Loss Method

Abstract: The corrosion resistance of brass H70-1A cooling water was studied through weight-loss method and electrochemistry measurement in different concentration ratio condition. The results obtained from this study showed that brass inhibitor was necessary to add to circulating cooling water system when concentration ratio was in the range of 3~7.

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