scholarly journals Analysis of price interactions between Czech and world wheat markets

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Syrovátka
Keyword(s):  
Price Dynamics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
World Markets ◽  
Wheat Market ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Given ◽  
The International Monetary Fund ◽  
Integration Analysis

The paper is focused on the analysis of the price interactions between the Czech and world markets for the wheat. The long-term interactions of the wheat market prices were tested by means of the co-integration analysis (Engle-Granger test). The dynamic autoregressive model developed by the author was used for evaluation of the short-term price interactions. Monthly time series of the market prices from January 1995 till April 2010 were obtained from the Czech Statistical Office and the International Monetary Fund. The results of the co-integration analysis showed, that the price dynamics in the world wheat market does not have a long-term impact on the level of prices in the Czech market for the given commodity. According to the constructed and statistically verified model, the short-term price interactions between the studied markets are not strong too. The value of the determination index (0.5063) implies other factors forming the price dynamics of the Czech wheat market.

Methods to Reduce Traffic Speed in High-Pedestrian Rural Areas

2003 ◽  
Vol 1828 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kamyab ◽  
Steve Andrle ◽  
Dennis Kroeger ◽  
David S. Heyer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact

Many Minnesota counties are faced with the problem of high vehicle speeds through towns or resort areas that have significant pedestrian traffic. The impact of speed reduction strategies in high-pedestrian areas in rural counties of Minnesota was investigated. Speed data were collected at two selected study sites under their existing conditions ("no-treatment" or "before" condition) and after the proposed speed reduction strategies were installed. Second "after" data conditions were collected to study the short-term and long-term impact of the implemented strategies. The traffic-calming techniques employed at the Twin Lakes site consisted of removable pedestrian islands and pedestrian crossing signs. A dynamic variable message sign that sent a single-word message ("Slow") to motorists traveling over the speed limit was installed at the Bemidji site. The research study shows that the traffic-calming strategy deployed in Twin Lakes was effective in significantly reducing the mean speed and improving speed limit compliance in both the short term and long term. Despite proven effectiveness, the deployed speed reduction treatment in Bemidji Lake failed to lower the speed at the study site. The single-word message on the sign and the location of the sign, as well as a lack of initial enforcement, were the primary reasons for such failure.

scholarly journals A survey of short-term and long-term stability of tube parameters in a mammography unit

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-325
Author(s):  
Jovica Praskalo ◽  
Jasna Davidovic ◽  
Biljana Kocic ◽  
Monika Zivkovic ◽  
Svetlana Pejovic
Keyword(s):  
Screening Program ◽  
Short Term ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Mammography Screening Program ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Given

In order to set up a successful mammography screening program in the Republic of Srpska, a Siemens Mammomat 1000 X-ray machine was selected for analysis as the said mammography system is widely used in clinical practice. The variations in tube parameters (specific air kerma, high-voltage accuracy and reproducibility, linearity between exposure and dose exposure time) were monitored over a five-year period, from 2008 to 2012. In addition, due to observed daily fluctuations for chosen parameters, a series of measurements were performed three times a day within a single-month period (mainly October 2012). The goal of such an experimental set up is to assess short-term and long-term stability of tube parameters in the given mammography unit and to make a comparison between them. The present paper shows how an early detection of significant parameter fluctuations can help eliminate irregularities and optimize the performance of mammography systems.

Offspring of mothers with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy: The short term and long-term impact. What is new?

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 155-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Armengaud ◽  
Ronald C.W. Ma ◽  
Benazir Siddeek ◽  
Gerard H.A. Visser ◽  
Umberto Simeoni
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals The Impact of Renovation Capital Expenditure on Hotel Property Performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Turner ◽  
James W. Hesford
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Significant Decline ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Property Performance

This study investigates the impact of renovation capital expenditure on multiple measures of hotel property performance. We conduct analyses in two time periods: for a 3-year period immediately following renovation (short-term impact), and 3 to 6 years following renovation (long-term impact). The study is based on proprietary project, operational and financial data obtained for 305 renovation capital expenditure projects of individual properties within a single budget hospitality chain. We find renovation capital expenditures offer significant short-term beneficial impact in terms of increased revenue, profitability gains, higher customer satisfaction, and decreased repair and maintenance expense. Altogether, these outcomes should be advantageous to hotel property performance. In the long-term, a significant decline is apparent in revenue and profitability. Surprisingly, customer satisfaction does not decline, and repair and maintenance expense does not increase, which are both favorable.

Integrating Vocational Rehabilitation Into Treatment Programs: Two Case Studies

1990 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Randell ◽  
Lorinda Arella ◽  
Sherry Deren ◽  
Charles Lyles ◽  
Mary Ellen Winfield
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Outpatient Treatment ◽  
Treatment Programs ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Vocational Services ◽  
Vocational Programming ◽  
Long Term Impact

This paper describes an intervention designed to enhance the integration of vocational services in an outpatient treatment setting. The position of “vocational integrator” was created and implemented in two clinics to (a) raise the importance of vocational services, (b) develop vocational skills and resources available to staff, and (c) review and implement policies to facilitate vocational programming. The sequence of tasks necessary to develop and implement this position, and issues arising for the integrators and the clinics are described. Results indicated that some short term increases in vocational activities were found, and a longer time period may be needed to assess the long term impact of this type of intervention.

scholarly journals Short-term outcomes and long-term impact of a programme in medical education for medical students

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela B Andreatta ◽  
Miranda L Hillard ◽  
Margaret Ann Murphy ◽  
Larry D Gruppen ◽  
Patricia B Mullan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Impact

“Tax” and “Fee” Message Frames as Inhibitors of Plastic Bag Usage Among Shoppers

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidharth Muralidharan ◽  
Kim Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Intrinsic Motivations ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Tax Loss ◽  
Practical Implications

In response to the plastic bag pandemic, many studies have indicated that penalties can lower consumption of plastic bags but are only effective in the short term. For long-term impact, shoppers’ intrinsic motivations need to be explored. Using framing and the theory of planned behavior, the current study looked at how advertising messages framed as “avoiding a fee” (gain) and “paying a tax” (loss) can impact shoppers’ behavior to bring reusable bags. Findings from a hierarchical and multiple regression analysis showed differences in how both frames were interpreted. For the fee frame, attitude toward compliance and perceived control were important to intentions, while attitudes toward bringing reusable bags, control, and subjective norms impacted intentions for the tax frame. Behavioral intention was the main predictor of behavior for both frames. The findings suggest that a penalty framed as a tax maybe more effective in motivating shoppers to bring reusable bags. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Estimating Short- and Long-Term Associations Between Air Quality Index and COVID-19 Transmission: Evidence From 257 Chinese Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Cao ◽  
Yuxin Wang ◽  
Xiaochuan Pan ◽  
Xiaobin Jin ◽  
Jing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Air Quality Index ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Migration Index ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Long Term Impact

Objectives: To evaluate the long- and short-term effects of air pollution on COVID-19 transmission simultaneously, especially in high air pollution level countries.Methods: Quasi-Poisson regression was applied to estimate the association between exposure to air pollution and daily new confirmed cases of COVID-19, with mutual adjustment for long- and short-term air quality index (AQI). The independent effects were also estimated and compared. We further assessed the modification effect of within-city migration (WM) index to the associations.Results: We found a significant 1.61% (95%CI: 0.51%, 2.72%) and 0.35% (95%CI: 0.24%, 0.46%) increase in daily confirmed cases per 1 unit increase in long- and short-term AQI. Higher estimates were observed for long-term impact. The stratifying result showed that the association was significant when the within-city migration index was low. A 1.25% (95%CI: 0.0.04%, 2.47%) and 0.41% (95%CI: 0.30%, 0.52%) increase for long- and short-term effect respectively in low within-city migration index was observed.Conclusions: There existed positive associations between long- and short-term AQI and COVID-19 transmission, and within-city migration index modified the association. Our findings will be of strategic significance for long-run COVID-19 control.

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