scholarly journals Resolving browning during the establishment of explant cultures in Vicia faba L. for genetic transformation

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1279-1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Klenotičová ◽  
Iva Smýkalová ◽  
Lenka Švábová ◽  
Miroslav Griga
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Genetic Transformation ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Cotyledonary Nodes ◽  
Regeneration Systems

Optimisation ofin vitroregeneration systems of two explant types for low-tannine cultivars of faba bean based on culturing of shoot apices and cotyledonary nodes were provided by usage of various antioxidants - ascorbic acid, citric acid, glutathione and activated charcoal. In subsequent testing, the combined effects of antioxidants with transformation co-cultivation compounds acetosyringone and L-cysteine was studied. The application of antioxidants lead to decreased callogenesis, citric acids treatments (50 mg.l−1) dramatically decreased necrotic response of explants. However, citric acid, used together with ascorbic acid completely inhibited shoot growth in shoot apex cultures. Glutathion evoked hyperhydricity of explants. Activated charcoal induced rooting on media which are commonly used for shoot proliferation. Combination of acetosyringone with antioxidants influenced shoot proliferation, except of variant with ascorbic acid. Citric acid was the best and universal antioxidant in faba beanin vitrocultures and its use is recommended for faba bean genetic transformation experiments.

scholarly journals Phenolic Exudation Control and Establishment of In vitro Strawberry (Fragaria × Ananassa) cv. Chandler

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Hidayatullah Mir ◽  
Ruby Rani ◽  
Feza Ahmad ◽  
Awadh Kishor Sah ◽  
Shashi Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Conventional Technique ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Planting Material

The rate of strawberry propagation through conventional technique is quite low and it is difficult to maintain planting material during the summer months under Bihar condition. Further, importing mother plants adds to the production cost. In vitro micro propagation has emerged as a potential alternative for supplying planting material for strawberry. Two type of explants viz., runner tip and nodal segment were used for the study. Phenol exudation was the major problem during establishment which caused death of majority explants. In our experiment, almost no phenolic exudation (+) and maximum percent regeneration for runner tip (55.2 ± 0.52%) and nodal segment (58.1 ± 0.54%) was observed when MS medium was supplemented with ascorbic acid 200 mg per liter. Phenolic exudation was recorded highest (++++) under control when no antioxidants were supplemented. Minimum number of days for runner tips (8.4 ± 0.23) and nodal segments (10.3 ± 0.33) taken for shoot proliferation was observed when MS medium was supplemented with activated charcoal 300 mg and 200 mg per liter, respectively. Though all other antioxidants used in our study including citric acid, PVP and activated charcoal significantly reduced oxidative browning, ascorbic acid was found to be most effective antioxidant in controlling lethal browning during in vitro establishment of strawberry. This protocol has a potential for allowing a large scale multiplication of this important crop.

scholarly journals Antioxidants and Phenolic Secretion in Sugarcane Genotypes Shoots Culture

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ana Da Silva Ledo ◽  
Maria M. Jenderek ◽  
Carlos Alberto Da Silva Ledo ◽  
Tomas Ayala-Silva
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Culture

Secretion of phenolic compounds is a major limitation for sugarcane in vitro shoot culture, causing a loss of regenerative capacity and subsequent cell death. In this study, micropropagation and phenolic secretion of four Saccharum genotypes were evaluated in presence of different antioxidants. Aseptic cultures of S. officinarum (PI 184794 and PI 88652), S. sinense (PI 29109) and S. robustum (UNK R65P35) were propagated on medium containing antioxidants, citric acid (100 mg/L), L-cysteine (100 mg/L), polyvynylpirrolidone (300 mg/L) and L-glutathione (50 mg/L) in two consecutive subculture cycles. Interaction between genotypes and antioxidants was significant in both cycles. All genotypes showed good shoot formation, shoot vigor and color, except in PI 88652 which had less shoot development in both the presence and absence of the antioxidants tested. PI 184794 displayed the highest shoot proliferation in the presence of citric acid, and UNK R65P35 produced more shoots per explant in the 2nd subculture. For S. sinense (PI 29109), in both subcultures, most shoots were observed in the presence of polyvynylpirrolidone. Medium discoloration due to phenolic secretion was reduced in the presence of citric acid and polyvynylpirrolidone. The type of secreted phenolic compounds differed with genotype as the Principal Component Analysis of cultivation media separated PI 88652 from PI 29109 and UKN R65P35. Phenolic compounds varied in composition and were secreted at various levels as a function of genotype and antioxidant type. Loadings plots indicated the genotype and antioxidant separations were broadly driven by flavonoid compounds.

Effect of Pepsin Treatment on the Chemical Iron Profile of Soy-Based Foods Supplemented with Selected Iron Sources and Enhancers

1985 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.W. RIZK ◽  
F.M. CLYDESDALE
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Soy Milk ◽  
Pepsin Digestion ◽  
Iron Solubility ◽  
Iron Profile ◽  
Solubilizing Capacity

Changes in chemical iron profile occurring from pH 2 to 6.5 in a wheat-soy blend, a corn-soy-milk mix, and a soy-extended beef patty were investigated. Iron solubility in these products, as affected by in vitro digestion with pepsin, was dependent on a combination of ligand, iron source, pH and food. The greatest solubilizing capacity of the ligands added was provided by ascorbic acid at pH 2 and 4, and by citric acid at pH 6. Improvements in percent soluble iron were related to pepsin digestion and the presumed appearance of protein degradation products.

scholarly journals Explant Initiation Date and BA Concentration Influence Shoot Proliferation in vitro of Two Liatris Interspecific Hybrids

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1098-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Ault
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Axillary Shoot ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Basal Salts ◽  
Proliferation In Vitro

Shoot proliferation cultures were established in vitro using flower-stem explants from two different interspecific hybrid plants of Liatris. Explants taken on two dates from field-grown plants were successfully established and axillary shoot growth promoted on a medium consisting of Murashige and Skoog basal salts and vitamins with 30 g·L-1 sucrose, 1.0 μm BA, and 7.0 g·L-1 agar, with a medium pH = 5.7. Initial explant contamination rates were significantly higher among explants collected later in the growing season. Addition of BA (1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, or 16.0 μm) improved shoot formation compared to the control for both plants. Proliferation rates differed between the dates of establishment, the plants, and the BA treatments. Shoots rooted readily in medium without PGRs or with 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, or 8.0 μm K-IBA. Overall rooting was 88%. About 90% of the plants rooted in the presence of 1.0 μm K-IBA were successfully established in the greenhouse. Chemical names used: 6-benzyl adenine (BA); potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA).

scholarly journals Effects of ascorbic acid, citric acid and silver nitrate on the growth of in vitro lily plantlets and reduction of browning

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sun Roh ◽  
Sang Il Lee ◽  
Yun Im Kang ◽  
Mi Seon Kim ◽  
Jong Bo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Silver Nitrate

scholarly journals Pertumbuhan Tunas Pisang Barangan (Musa Acuminata Colla.) akibat Pemberian Benzyl Amino Purin dan Arang Aktif secara In Vitro.

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Mulia Saputri ◽  
Marai Rahmawati ◽  
Elly Kesumawati
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
And Control

Pertumbuhan Tunas Pisang Barangan Akibat Pemberian Benzyl AminoPurin dan Arang Aktif secara In Vitro Accretion of Barangan Banana Shoot Effect of  (BAP)  and Activated Charcoal Explant by In VitroAbstrak. Banana as a superior product of horticultural crops, has not achieved high productivity and has several obstacles in its multiplication. Tissue culture is one solution to overcome this problem. This study aims to determine the composition of PGRBenzil Amino Purine (BAP) and activated charcoal that are appropriate in the multiplication of barangan banana shoots. This research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two treatment factors. The first factor is BAP concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely 4 mg/L, 6 mg /L, and 8 mg/L. The second factor is activated charcoal concentration consisting of 3 levels, namely control, 1 g/L and 2 g/L. In this study, from 9 treatment combinations, only 4 treatment combinations were not contaminated. Of the 4 treatment combinations the combination of BAP concentration of 6 mg/L and control (without activated charcoal) showed the fastest shoot growth time of 29 days after multiplication, the most shoot growth was 6 shoots and the average shoot height was 15.9 mm

scholarly journals PERBANYAKAN IN VITRO PISANG KEPOK var. UNTI SAYANG TAHAN PENYAKIT DARAH MELALUI PROLIFERASI TUNAS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Maria Imelda ◽  
Aida Wulansari ◽  
Laela Sari
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Blood Disease ◽  
Adenine Sulphate ◽  
Banana Variety ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

In Vitro Propagation of Kepok Banana var. Unti Sayang Resistant to Blood Disease through Shoot ProliferationABSTRACTKepok is a popular banana variety but sensitive to blood disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith). The discovery of a natural mutant of Kepok banana var. Unti Sayang from Sulawesi which male bud falls naturally, is a shortcut to bypass the chains of the spread of blood disease, since the disease is transmitted by insects through the wounds of the male buds. The superior mutant needs to be mass propagated and disseminated to endemic areas to inhibit the spread of blood disease. To achieve that goal, an efficient and effective techniques of in vitro shoot proliferation needs to be developed. Shoot proliferation was performed by addition of BAP, thidiazuron and adenine sulphate. The results showed that the best medium for shoot multiplication was B2T5A (MS+2 mg/L BAP+0,5 mg/L TDZ+20 mg/L adenine sulphate), and for shoot growth was B4A (MS+4 mg/L BAP+20 mg/L adenine sulphate). Rooting was induced on MS medium without hormones. Acclimatization of plantlets on mixed soil, compost and husks with a ratio of 1:1:1 resulted in 92,35% survival rate.Keywords: blood disease, in vitro shoot,  male budless, natural mutant, var. Unti Sayang  ABSTRAKPisang kepok merupakan varietas yang digemari tetapi sangat peka terhadap penyakit darah yang ditimbulkan oleh bakteri Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith). Ditemukannya mutan alami pisang kepok yang jantungnya gugur secara alami yaitu varietas Unti Sayang dari Sulawesi, merupakan jalan pintas untuk memotong rantai penyebaran penyakit darah, mengingat penyakit ini ditularkan oleh serangga melalui luka bekas bunga jantan pada jantung. Mutan unggul tersebut perlu diperbanyak secara massal dan disebarluaskan ke daerah endemik untuk menghambat penyebaran penyakit darah. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, perlu dikembangkan teknik perbanyakan in vitro pisang kepok Unti Sayang yang efektif dan efisien melalui proliferasi tunas. Proliferasi tunas dilakukan dengan penambahan BAP, thidiazuron dan adenin sulfat. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa media terbaik untuk multiplikasi tunas adalah B2T5A (MS+2 mg/L BAP+0,5 mg/L TDZ+20 mg/L adenin sulfat), media terbaik untuk pertumbuhan tunas adalah B4A (MS+4 mg/L BAP+20 mg/L adenin sulfat). Akar dapat diinduksi pada media MS tanpa hormon. Aklimatisasi planlet pada media campuran tanah, kompos dan sekam dengan perbandingan 1:1:1 menghasilkan 92,35% planlet hidup.Kata Kunci: penyakit darah, tunas in vitro, tanpa jantung, mutan alami, var. Unti Sayang 

scholarly journals In vitro Callus induction and Shoot proliferation in Jojoba Simmondsia chinesis (Link) Schn.

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Nabeel K. Al-ِAni ◽  
Ashwaq S. Abd ◽  
Kadhim M. Ibrahim ◽  
Arwa A. Tawfiq
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Vegetative Shoot

From economic site;jojoba Simmondsia chinesis (Link) Schn. is very important shrub as its seeds contain high percent of oily wax . This wax composes natural and chemical charachteristics which makes shrub to be involved in many trade, manufacture and medical uses. In this study several interactions between auxins and cytokinins and gibbrellin were implemented to find out the best concentration for callus induction, vegetative growth and differentiation for experiments. BA at(2 or 5) mg/l, NAA at (0.018, 2, 2, 5) mg/l and GA3 at (0.1 or 0.2) mg/l were used. Results showed that highest percent for callus induction were (50 and 70) % respectively in the treatment (2) mg/l BA and (2) mg/l for both BA and NAA. The results revealed that using Kin. plus NAA with (0.1 or 0.2) mg/l GA3, was the best concentration lead to high percent of differentiation for vegetative shoot were (40 and 44) % respectively However, the length of vegetative shoots were (2 and 2.5) cm respectively. , this indicates the importance of the balance between these phytohormones required for shoot growth.

scholarly journals In Vitro Shoot Proliferation of Apple Rootstocks ‘B.9’, ‘G.30’, and ‘G.41’ Grown under Red and Blue Light

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Geng ◽  
Renae Moran ◽  
Michael Day ◽  
William Halteman ◽  
Donglin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Apple Rootstocks ◽  
Single Node ◽  
Shoot Number

The influence of red and blue light wavelengths was tested to improve the initial in vitro multiplication of apple (Malus × domestica) rootstock cultivars Budagovsky 9 (B.9), Geneva 30 (G.30), and Geneva 41 (G.41). Single-node segments were established in semisolid Murashige and Skoog media and then transferred to proliferation media and cultured 40 days under white, red, or blue light irradiance. In a second experiment, G.30 was cultured under red, blue, or white light with and without gibberellic acid (GA3). The three rootstocks responded similarly under white light in terms of shoot number, length of the longest shoot, and the number of elongated shoots. Red light increased the number of shoots, length of the longest shoot, and the number of elongated shoots of B.9 and G.30 when compared with white or blue light. Red light increased the number of elongated B.9 and G.30 shoots to five per explant compared with one per explant under white light. In contrast, shoot growth of G.41 showed no difference under the three light quality treatments, and the number of elongated shoots per explant was less than one. When compared with an absence of GA3, a concentration of GA3 at 0.5 mg·L−1 promoted in vitro shoot growth of G.30 under red and blue light.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Huckleberry (Vaccinium pahalae) and Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus) Shoot Culture Performance on Different Support Systems

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 911A-911
Author(s):  
Linda J. Walker ◽  
R.B. Rogers ◽  
M.A.L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Shoot Culture ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Shoot Cultures ◽  
In Vitro Cell Cultures ◽  
Solution Cultures

In vitro cell cultures of huckleberry and bilberry are sources of phytochemicals for use as food colorants and bioactive chemopreventives. Shoot cultures provide a convenient, presterile source of explants for production of callus rich in extractable pigments or other chemicals. Efficient callus formation only occurs with good-quality shoots. In this study, liquid and gelled support systems were compared in terms of their effect on shoot growth. Gellan gum-based support resulted in excellent shoot proliferation and suitable shoot length for huckleberry cultures, whereas bilberry performed slightly better on agar and agar/gellan gum support. Bilberry had a more-rapid growth rate than huckleberry. Hyperhydricity was found with the use of rafts for both species. These shoot cultures have been used as vegetative explants for callus, and have produced vivid anthocyanins in solution cultures.

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