scholarly journals Preservation of skeletal muscle mitochondrial content in older adults: relationship between mitochondria, fibre type and high-intensity exercise training

2017 ◽  
Vol 595 (11) ◽  
pp. 3345-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria L. Wyckelsma ◽  
Itamar Levinger ◽  
Michael J. McKenna ◽  
Luke E. Formosa ◽  
Michael T. Ryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Fibre Type ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mitochondrial Content

Effect of short-term, high-intensity exercise training on human skeletal muscle citrate synthase maximal activity: single versus multiple bouts per session

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1391-1394
Author(s):  
Martin J. MacInnis ◽  
Lauren E. Skelly ◽  
F. Elizabeth Godkin ◽  
Brian J. Martin ◽  
Thomas R. Tripp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Significant Difference

The legs of 9 men (age 21 ± 2 years, 45 ± 4 mL/(kg·min)) were randomly assigned to complete 6 sessions of high-intensity exercise training, involving either one or four 5-min bouts of counterweighted, single-leg cycling. Needle biopsies from vastus lateralis revealed that citrate synthase maximal activity increased after training in the 4-bout group (p = 0.035) but not the 1-bout group (p = 0.10), with a significant difference between groups post-training (13%, p = 0.021). Novelty Short-term training using brief intense exercise requires multiple bouts per session to increase mitochondrial content in human skeletal muscle.

331 Effect of high-intensity exercise training on MCT1 and MCT4 content in human skeletal muscle

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
D. Bishop ◽  
C. Thomas ◽  
J. Edge ◽  
J. Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Intensity Exercise

scholarly journals Novel, high-intensity exercise prescription improves muscle mass, mitochondrial function, and physical capacity in individuals with Parkinson's disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 582-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Kelly ◽  
Matthew P. Ford ◽  
David G. Standaert ◽  
Ray L. Watts ◽  
C. Scott Bickel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii

We conducted, in persons with Parkinson's disease (PD), a thorough assessment of neuromotor function and performance in conjunction with phenotypic analyses of skeletal muscle tissue, and further tested the adaptability of PD muscle to high-intensity exercise training. Fifteen participants with PD (Hoehn and Yahr stage 2–3) completed 16 wk of high-intensity exercise training designed to simultaneously challenge strength, power, endurance, balance, and mobility function. Skeletal muscle adaptations ( P < 0.05) to exercise training in PD included myofiber hypertrophy (type I: +14%, type II: +36%), shift to less fatigable myofiber type profile, and increased mitochondrial complex activity in both subsarcolemmal and intermyofibrillar fractions (I: +45–56%, IV: +39–54%). These adaptations were accompanied by a host of functional and clinical improvements ( P < 0.05): total body strength (+30–56%); leg power (+42%); single leg balance (+34%); sit-to-stand motor unit activation requirement (−30%); 6-min walk (+43 m), Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Scale (PDQ-39, −7.8pts); Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total (−5.7 pts) and motor (−2.7 pts); and fatigue severity (−17%). Additionally, PD subjects in the pretraining state were compared with a group of matched, non-PD controls (CON; did not exercise). A combined assessment of muscle tissue phenotype and neuromuscular function revealed a higher distribution and larger cross-sectional area of type I myofibers and greater type II myofiber size heterogeneity in PD vs. CON ( P < 0.05). In conclusion, persons with moderately advanced PD adapt to high-intensity exercise training with favorable changes in skeletal muscle at the cellular and subcellular levels that are associated with improvements in motor function, physical capacity, and fatigue perception.

scholarly journals Leg vascular and skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations to aerobic high-intensity exercise training are enhanced in the early postmenopausal phase

2017 ◽  
Vol 595 (9) ◽  
pp. 2969-2983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Nyberg ◽  
Jon Egelund ◽  
Camilla M. Mandrup ◽  
Caroline B. Andersen ◽  
Karen M. B. E. Hansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Mitochondrial Adaptations

scholarly journals Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant supplementation augments acute exercise-induced increases in muscle PGC1α mRNA and improves training-induced increases in peak power independent of mitochondrial content and function in untrained middle-aged men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Broome ◽  
T. Pham ◽  
A. J. Braakhuis ◽  
R. Narang ◽  
H. W. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Mitochondrial Content ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTThe role of mitochondrial ROS production and signalling in muscle adaptations to exercise training has not been explored in detail. Here we investigated the effect of supplementation with the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ on a) the skeletal muscle mitochondrial and antioxidant gene transcriptional response to acute high-intensity exercise and b) skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function following exercise training. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design study, 23 untrained men (age: 44 ± 7 years, VO2peak: 39.6 ± 7.9 ml/kg/min) were randomised to receive either MitoQ (20 mg/d) or a placebo for 10 days before completing a bout of high-intensity interval exercise (cycle ergometer, 10 × 60 s at VO2peak workload with 75 s rest). Blood samples and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were collected before exercise and immediately and 3 hours after exercise. Participants then completed high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 3 sessions per week for 3 weeks) and another blood sample and muscle biopsy were collected. MitoQ supplementation augmented acute exercise-induced increases in skeletal muscle mRNA expression of the major regulator of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1-α). Despite this, training-induced increases in skeletal muscle mitochondrial content were unaffected by MitoQ supplementation. HIIT-induced increases in VO2peak and 20 km time trial performance were also unaffected by MitoQ while MitoQ augmented training-induced increases in peak power achieved during the VO2peak test. These data suggest that MitoQ supplementation enhances the effect of training on peak power, which may be related to the augmentation of skeletal muscle PGC1α expression following acute exercise. However, this effect does not appear to be related to an effect of MitoQ supplementation on HIIT-induced mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and may therefore be the result of other adaptations mediated by PGC1α.

scholarly journals High-intensity exercise training induces mitonuclear imbalance and activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response in the skeletal muscle of aged mice

GeroScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Victor Cordeiro ◽  
Guilherme Francisco Peruca ◽  
Renata Rosseto Braga ◽  
Rafael Santos Brícola ◽  
Luciene Lenhare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Aged Mice ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
Mitochondrial Unfolded Protein Response

scholarly journals Effect of high-intensity exercise training on lactate/H+ transport capacity in human skeletal muscle

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (2) ◽  
pp. E255-E261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henriette Pilegaard ◽  
Kristian Domino ◽  
Thomas Noland ◽  
Carsten Juel ◽  
Ylva Hellsten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Intense Exercise ◽  
Giant Vesicles

The present study examined the effect of high-intensity exercise training on muscle sarcolemmal lactate/H+ transport and the monocarboxylate transporters (MCT1 and MCT4) as well as lactate and H+ release during intense exercise in humans. One-legged knee-extensor exercise training was performed for 8 wk, and biopsies were obtained from untrained and trained vastus lateralis muscle. The rate of lactate/H+ transport determined in sarcolemmal giant vesicles was 12% higher ( P < 0.05) in the trained than in untrained muscle ( n = 7). The content of MCT1 and MCT4 protein was also higher (76 and 32%, respectively; n = 4) in trained muscle. Release of lactate and H+ from the quadriceps muscle at the end of intense exhaustive knee-extensor exercise was similar in the trained and untrained leg, although the estimated muscle intracellular-to-interstitial gradients of lactate and H+ were lower ( P < 0.05) in the trained than in the untrained muscle. The present data show that intense exercise training can increase lactate/H+transport capacity in human skeletal muscle as well as improve the ability of the muscle to release lactate and H+ during contractions.

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