Analysis Techniques for Congruence of the Patellofemoral Joint

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Connolly ◽  
J. L. Ronsky ◽  
L. M. Westover ◽  
J. C. Küpper ◽  
R. Frayne
Keyword(s):  
Patellofemoral Joint ◽  
Contact Region ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Knee Angle ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Joint Function ◽  
Surface Representation ◽  
Local Measure ◽  
Joint Congruence ◽  
The Relationship

Quantifying joint congruence may help to understand the relationship between joint function and health. In previous studies, a congruence index (CI) has been used to define subject-specific joint congruence. However, the sensitivity of the CI algorithm to surface representation was unknown. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of applying five modifications (M1–M5) to the CI algorithm to determine whether the magnitude and variability of the patellofemoral CI is dependent on the surface representation used. The five modifications focused on calculating the CI based on the principal curvature (M1) at the centroid of the contact region, (M2) using an root mean square value for the contact region, (M3) using a mean value for the contact region, (M4) using all digitized points of the patellar surface, and (M5) using all digitized points in contact. The CI found using the contact area (M1, M2, M3, and M5) provides a local measure for congruence, which was shown to increase (decreasing CI) with increasing joint angle. In ten healthy subjects measured with magnetic resonance (MR) images, the patellofemoral joint became significantly more congruent as the knee angle increased from 15 deg to 45 deg using method M5. The magnitude and variability of the patellofemoral CI was dependent on the surface representation used, suggesting that standardization of the surface representation is important to provide a consistent measure. Specifically, M5 provides a local measure of joint congruence, which can account for joint position and orientation. M5 balances the ability to detect differences in congruence between knee angles without introducing high variability.

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Functioning in Youth with Persistent Post-Concussion Symptoms: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Aliyah Snyder ◽  
Christopher Sheridan ◽  
Alexandra Tanner ◽  
Kevin Bickart ◽  
Molly Sullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neurobehavioral Outcomes ◽  
End Tidal ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
End Tidal Co2

Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may play an important role in the development and maintenance of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS). Post-injury breathing dysfunction, which is influenced by the ANS, has not been well-studied in youth. This study evaluated cardiorespiratory functioning at baseline in youth patients with PPCS and examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory variables with neurobehavioral outcomes. Participants were between the ages of 13–25 in two groups: (1) Patients with PPCS (concussion within the past 2–16 months; n = 13) and (2) non-injured controls (n = 12). Capnometry was used to obtain end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), oxygen saturation (SaO2), respiration rate (RR), and pulse rate (PR) at seated rest. PPCS participants exhibited a reduced mean value of EtCO2 in exhaled breath (M = 36.3 mmHg, SD = 2.86 mmHg) and an altered inter-correlation between EtCO2 and RR compared to controls. Neurobehavioral outcomes including depression, severity of self-reported concussion symptoms, cognitive catastrophizing, and psychomotor processing speed were correlated with cardiorespiratory variables when the groups were combined. Overall, results from this study suggest that breathing dynamics may be altered in youth with PPCS and that cardiorespiratory outcomes could be related to a dimension of neurobehavioral outcomes associated with poorer recovery from concussion.

scholarly journals AB0101 THE IMPACT OF TIME SPAN TO ACHIEVE BOOLEAN REMISSION FOR MAINTAINING DISEASE ACTIVITY AFTER ACQUISITION IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1079.1-1079
Author(s):  
I. Yoshii
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background:Boolean remission criteria is one most popular and stringent criteria in treating patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), because it may guarantees a stable clinical course after attaining remission.Objectives:Impact of time span from initiation to achieving Boolean remission on maintaining disease activity, daily activities, and quality of life after attaining Boolean remission was investigated from daily clinical practice data.Methods:685 patients with RA since August 2010 under the T2T strategy were treated. They were monitored for their TJC, SJC, PGA, EGA, CRP, and disease activity indices such as CDAI, SDAI, DAS28, and Boolean criteria at every visit. HAQ-DI score, pain score using visual analog scale (PS-VAS), and EQ-5D were also monitored, and the quality of life score (QOLS) calculated from EQ-5D was determined at every visit from the time of diagnosis (baseline).Of 685 patients, 465 patients had achieved Boolean remission >1 times, and were consecutively followed up for >3 years. These patients were enrolled in the study. Time span from the first visit to first Boolean remission was calculated. The relationship between the time span and each of background parameters, and the relationship between the time span and each of the mean values of the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at the first Boolean remission and thereafter was evaluated statistically.Patients were subsequently divided into the G ≤ 6 and G > 6 groups based on the achievement of first Boolean remission within two groups: time span G ≤ 6 months and G > 6 months. The two groups were compared with regard to the SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS at first visit and at the time of first Boolean remission, and the mean values of these parameters after remission were evaluated statistically. Moreover, changes of these parameters and the mean Boolean remission rate after the first remission, and SDAI remission rate at the first Boolean remission to thereafter were compared between the two groups statistically.Results:Out of 465 patients, females comprised 343 (73.7%), and the mean age was 67.8 years (range, from 21–95 years). The mean disease duration at first visit was 6.1 years (range, from 1 months–45 years). The mean follow up length was 88.1 months (range: 36–122 months; median: 85 months) and mean time span from the first visit to the first Boolean remission was 8.1 months. The mean SDAI score, HAQ score, PS-VAS, and the QOLS at first visit were 13.3, 0.467, 33.2, and 0.834, respectively. Among the study parameters, PS-VAS and QOLS were significantly correlated with the time span. For parameters at the first Boolean remission, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, and QOLS demonstrated significant correlation with the time span, whereas SDAI, HAQ-DI score, PS-VAS, SHS, and QOLS after the Boolean remission demonstrated significant correlation with the time span.The comparison between the G ≤ 6 and the G > 6 groups revealed that the disease duration, HAQ score, and PS-VAS at baseline in the G > 6 were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, and QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group at baseline. Similarly, the HAQ score and PS-VAS at the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group, whereas QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group demonstrated no significant difference compared with that in the G > 6 group.The mean value of the SDAI score after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group was significantly higher than that in the G ≤ 6 group. Similarly, the SDAI score, HAQ score, and PS-VAS after the first Boolean remission in the G > 6 group were also significantly higher than those in the G ≤ 6 group, and the mean value of the QOLS in the G ≤ 6 group were significantly higher than that in the G > 6 group. The Boolean remission rate and SDAI remission rate after the first Boolean remission were significantly higher in the G ≤ 6 group than those in the G > 6 group.Conclusion:Attaining Boolean remission ≤ 6 months for RA has significant benefit for more stable disease control, that leads good maintenance of ADL.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Osmotic water permeability of human red cells.

1981 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
T C Terwilliger ◽  
A K Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Perturbation Technique ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Osmotic Water Permeability ◽  
Osmotic Water ◽  
New Perturbation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Red Cells

The osmotic water permeability of human red cells has been reexamined with a stopped-flow device and a new perturbation technique. Small osmotic gradients are used to minimize the systematic error caused by nonlinearities in the relationship between cell volume and light scattering. Corrections are then made for residual systematic error. Our results show that the hydraulic conductivity, Lp, is essentially independent of the direction of water flow and of osmolality in the range 184-365 mosM. the mean value of Lp obtained obtained was 1.8 +/- 0.1 (SEM) X 10-11 cm3 dyne -1 s-1.

scholarly journals Localization of DNA in the fibrillar components of the nucleolus: a cytochemical and morphometric study.

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 829-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Derenzini ◽  
F Farabegoli ◽  
D Trerè
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Dense Fibrillar Component ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Fibrillar Center ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fibrillar Component ◽  
Resting Lymphocytes ◽  
The Relationship

We studied the distribution of DNA in human circulating lymphocyte nucleoli using three different cytochemical methods for selective visualization of DNA in thin sections: the Feulgen-like osmium-ammine reaction, the NAMA-Ur procedure, and the osmium-ammine staining in glycine buffer, pH 1.5. All three methods indicated the presence of uniformly distributed, highly decondensed DNA filaments forming a large solitary agglomerate in the central part of the nucleolar area, corresponding to the solitary large fibrillar center (FC) as revealed by uranium and lead staining. We also studied the relationship between DNA agglomerates and nucleolar fibrillar components in resting and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated lymphocytes by morphometric analysis of the areas occupied by these structures. In resting lymphocytes the mean area of the DNA agglomerates was 0.479 micron 2 +/- 0.161 SD, whereas that of FCs was 0.380 micron 2 +/- 0.149 SD, with a ratio of 1.26. In PHA-stimulated lymphocytes the mean area of the DNA agglomerates was 0.116 micron 2 +/- 0.056 SD, whereas that of the FCs was 0.075 micron 2 +/- 0.032 SD, with a ratio of 1.55. In PHA-stimulated lymphocytes we also measured the area occupied by the FCs plus the closely associated dense fibrillar component (DFC). The mean value of these two fibrillar components was 0.206 micron 2 +/- 0.081 SD. These data demonstrate that decondensed DNA filaments are uniformly distributed in the FCs and that in transcriptionally active nucleoli they are also present in the proximal portion of the DFC surrounding the FCs.

Stable Isotopes Analysis of Precipitation in Subtropical Plateau of Yunnan

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 1059-1063
Author(s):  
Wei Guan ◽  
Tao Fan ◽  
Xiu Qin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Precipitation Line ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

To elucidate the relationship between stable isotopes of precipitation (SIP) and the extreme drought in Kunming area, based on the stable isotopes data of the GNIP in Kunming site from 1986 to 2003, the precipitation line equation is brought forward and the seasonal change rule of stable isotopes are discussed. The stable isotopic compositions of precipitation exhibit great diversities in different seasons during to influences of multiple factors, such as monsoon, rainfall amount moisture source and others. The δ18O values in rainwater exhibit significant seasonal variations, the average of-10.12‰ in rainy season, the dry season is-4.5‰, having lower values in the rainy season and higher one in the dry season. The amount effect of precipitation is very distinct, that concealed the temperature effect. Got the special geographical position,dvalues present unique characteristics, the average ofdvalues is 10.78‰ in rainy season, and is 4.86‰ in dry season, the mean value is generally lower than most parts of the world.

scholarly journals In-situ measurement of reactive hydrocarbons at Hohenpeissenberg with comprehensive gas chromatography (GCxGC-FID): use in estimating HO and NO<sub>3</sub>

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 8155-8188
Author(s):  
S. Bartenbach ◽  
J. Williams ◽  
C. Plass-Dülmer ◽  
H. Berresheim ◽  
J. Lelieveld
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Radical Species ◽  
Diurnal Cycles ◽  
Meteorological Observatory ◽  
Variate Analysis ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract. During a field campaign at the Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeissenberg (MOHp) in July 2004, VOCs were measured using GCxGC-FID. Comparison to routinely made GC-MS measurements showed good agreement for a variety of anthropogenic and biogenic ambient VOCs ranging in concentration from below the detection limit (0.1 pmol mol−1) to 180 pmol mol−1. Pronounced diurnal cycles were found for both the biogenic and anthropogenic compounds, driven for the most part by the daily rise and fall of the boundary layer over the station. For the reactive compounds (lifetimes <2 days), a significant, non-zero dependency of the variability on lifetime was found, indicating that chemistry (as opposed to transport alone) was playing a role in determining the ambient VOC concentrations. The relationship was exploited using a single-variate analysis to derive a daytime mean value of HO (5.3±1.4×106 molecules cm−3), which compares well to that measured at the site, 3.2±2.3×106 molecules cm−3. The analysis was extended to the night time data to estimate concentrations for NO3 (1.47±0.2×108 molecules cm−3), which is not measured at the site. The feasibility of this approach for environments dominated by emissions of short-lived VOCs to estimate ambient levels of radical species is discussed.

scholarly journals THE LUCK IN “TALENT VERSUS LUCK” MODELING

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050007
Author(s):  
SEAN ELVIDGE
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Random Numbers ◽  
Individual Parameter ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Model Variability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper further investigates the Talent versus Luck (TvL) model described by [Pluchino et al. Talent versus luck: The role of randomness in success and failure, Adv. Complex Syst. 21 (2018) 1850014] which models the relationship between ‘talent’ and ‘luck’ on the impact of an individuals career. It is shown that the model is very sensitive to both random sampling and the choice of value for the input parameters. Running the model repeatedly with the same set of input parameters gives a range of output values of over 50% of the mean value. The sensitivity of the inputs of the model is analyzed using a variance-based approach based upon generating Sobol sequences of quasi-random numbers. When using the model to look at the talent associated with an individual who has the maximum capital over a model run it has been shown that the choice for the standard deviation of the talent distribution contributes to 67% of the model variability. When investigating the maximum amount of capital returned by the model the probability of a lucky event at any given epoch has the largest impact on the model, almost three times more than any other individual parameter. Consequently, during the analysis of the model results one must keep in mind the impact that only small changes in the input parameters can have on the model output.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Degrees of Pre-Operative Anxiety With Pain and Post Operative Answer in Patients Who Undergo C-Section With Spinal Anesthesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 389-392
Author(s):  
Boy Olifu Elniko Ginting ◽  
Akhyar Hamonangan Nasution ◽  
Soejat Harto
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Unpleasant Feeling ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling that is considered a fear of a threatening danger, often the threat is unknown and always includes various emotional and hemodynamic responses experienced by the organism prior to emotional stimulation. To determine the relationship between the degree of pre-operative anxiety with post-operative pain in patients undergoing cesarean sectio with spinal anesthesia techniques at H. Adam Malik Hospital. Descriptive analytic research was conducted at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan from May to June 2020. The study population was all subjects scheduled to undergo sectio cesarea with spinal anesthesia at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital. The total sample obtained was 28 patients. The normal test of numerical data test was used with the Spearman Correlation test. The research hypothesis was tested using the Mann-Whitney test. In the study conducted on 28 samples divided into 2 groups, it was found that there was a moderate and direct relationship between APAIS scores and VAS scores. Based on this study, it was found that the average preoperative APAIS score was 11.07 (± 3.79). And for the mean value of postoperative VAS is 2.37 (± 1.04). In the result of this study it was found that there was a moderate and unidirectional relationship to the APAIS score and this VAS score (p <0.05). While the preoperative APAIS score was 11.07 (± 3.79). And for the mean postoperative VAS-A value is 3.33 (± 1.03). In the result of this study also found that there is a strong and direct relationship in the APAIS score and this VASA score (p<0.05). There is a moderate and direct relationship between APAIS scores and this VAS score and that there is a strong and direct relationship in the APAIS score and this VAS-A score

scholarly journals Isotopic composition of blood plasma carbon in patients with endocrine diseases

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
A. A. Ivlev ◽  
N. P. Goncharov
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Carbon Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cellular Division ◽  
Disease Heterogeneity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Carbon Isotopic ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
The Relationship

Forty-eight patients suffering from diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyper- and hypothyrosis, Icenko-Cushings disease were examined to elucidate the relationship between blood plasma carbon isotopic composition and the type of the endocrine disease. This value varied within the range of 19.7 to 24.7 , the mean value being 5 . Blood plasma carbon in the diabetics is enriched for 12C light isotope (delta-13C from 23.0 to 24.5 ) as against a similar characteristic in obese patients (delta-13C from 20.5 to 21.99 ). Patients with hypo- and hyperthyrosis and the Icenko- Cushings disease have a wider range of delta-13C values that seems to be explained by the Icenko-Cushings disease heterogeneity and the presence of biorhythms. Clear-cut isotopic differences in the blood sera of adults and children were revealed whatever the disease type, these differences indicating the changes in cellular metabolism energy in the ontogenesis. These data can be satisfactorily explained within the frames of the model of cellular division of carbon isotopes, suggested previously.

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