An Experimental Investigation of Oil-Buffered Shaft Seal Flow Rates

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
W. N. Shade ◽  
D. E. Hampshire
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Shaft Seal ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Process Gas ◽  
Face Seals ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Seal Oil ◽  
Oil Exposure

An experimental investigation was conducted to identify an optimum oil-buffered shaft seal for use on centrifugal compressors, with the primary objective being minimal seal oil exposure to process gases that cause seal oil degradation or are toxic. Types of seals tested included smooth bore cylindrical bushings, spiral groove cylindrical bushings, radial outward-flow face seals, and radial inward-flow face seals. The influence of shaft speed, gas pressure, seal oil differential pressure, oil bypass flow rate, and oil supply temperature on process side seal oil flow rate was determined. The investigation revealed some surprising relationships between seal oil flow rates and the escape of process gas.

scholarly journals An experimental investigation on the effects of mineral oil flow rate on CPU immersion cooling

2019 ◽  
Vol 1402 ◽  
pp. 044058
Author(s):  
S N Kristian ◽  
K M Wibowo ◽  
N A Pambudi ◽  
B Harjanto ◽  
H Bugis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Immersion Cooling ◽  
Oil Flow

Predicting Oil Production Flow Rate Using Artificial Neural Networks - The Volve Field Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander George
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Learning Algorithm ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Training Dataset ◽  
Empirical Correlations ◽  
Production Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Artificial Neural

Abstract Accurate prediction of oil production flow rates helps production engineers to detect anomalous values which in turn will provide insights about any flaws in huge oil well systems. To aid this, oil flow rate is commonly estimated using empirical correlations. However, in some cases, significant error is inherent in application of this empirical correlation and will often yield inaccurate results. This present work aims to develop a machine learning algorithm based on an Artificial Neural Network to predict with (high accuracy) the oil production flow rate, using an open source data obtained from Volve production field in Norway. The Downhole Pressure and Temperature, Average Tubing and Annular Pressure Details, Onstream Hours, and Choke Details are used as the input parameters to the algorithm. The procedure can be considered a valid approach for its high accuracy and due to the wide acceptance of data-driven analytics in the industry today. To develop the model structure, 70% of the data was used the training dataset, and to further evaluate the performance, 30% of the data was used to derive the mean square error and determination coefficient. An error distribution histogram and the cross-plot between simulation data and verification data were drawn. These results show high predictability of the model and affirmed that ANN has the ability to handle large dataset and also will give a better prediction of oil flow rate when compared to the empirical correlations method. Therefore, equipping production engineers with the capacity to accurately predict oil flow rates from upstream pressure, choke size, and producing gas to oil ratio of a producing well rather than the use of empirical correlations.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of SMART Scrubbing System with the Principle of Dynamic Precipitation

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.35) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Nirvenesh Ravindran ◽  
Hasril Hasini
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Dust Concentration ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Dynamic Precipitation ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Model Experiments ◽  
Process Line

This paper presents an experimental investigation of a SMART scrubbing system in sugar processing plant. The objectives are to address the problem and develop new technique to increase the efficiency and eliminate sugar sludge production downstream of process line. The SMART scrubbing effect of water with the principal of dynamic precipitation was conducted on-site with calculated flow rate, which simulates the SMART scrubbing system. The on-site and scaled-down model experiments measure the upstream and downstream dust concentration and processes the flow rate of water required to counter the dust concentration based on the feedback flow. The investigation was conducted with a steady airflow of 6 m3/s with variation of water flow rates. The result of the on-site studies shows an excellent increase in average and maximum efficiencies of 98.77% and 99.3% respectively.

scholarly journals New multiphase choke correlations for a high flow rate Iranian oil field

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Safar Beiranvand ◽  
P. Mohammadmoradi ◽  
B. Aminshahidy ◽  
B. Fazelabdolabadi ◽  
S. Aghahoseini
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
High Flow ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
High Flow Rate ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Wellhead Pressure ◽  
Oil Flow

Abstract. The multiphase flow through wellhead restrictions of an offshore oil field in Iran is investigated and two sets of new correlations are presented for high flow rate and water cut conditions. The both correlations are developed by using 748 actual data points, corresponding to critical flow conditions of gas-liquid mixtures through wellhead chokes. The first set of correlations is a modified Gilbert equation and predicts liquid flow rates as a function of flowing wellhead pressure, gas-liquid ratio and surface wellhead choke size. To minimize error in such condition, in the second correlation, free water, sediment and emulsion (BS & W) is also considered as an effective parameter. The predicted oil flow rates by the new sets of correlations are in the excellent agreement with the measured ones. These results are found to be statistically superior to those predicted by other relevant published correlations. The both proposed correlations exhibit more accuracy (only 2.95% and 2.0% average error, respectively) than the existent correlations. These results should encourage the production engineer which works at such condition to utilize the proposed correlations for future practical answers when a lack of available information, time, and calculation capabilities arises.

Evaluation of Soybean Oil-Based MQL As a Potential Replacement for Emulsion Flood Cooling Strategy for High-Speed Face Milling of Inconel 718

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Chukwujekwu Okafor ◽  
Theodore Obumselu Nwoguh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Wear Mechanism ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Tool Wear Mechanism

Abstract This paper presents the results of comparative evaluation of soybean oil based MQL oil flow rates at 10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 ml/h with emulsion flood coolant (EC) at 1200 l/h as a benchmark in face milling of Inconel 718 using coated carbide inserts. Resultant cutting force, tool wear/ mechanism, and surface roughness are the machining performance parameters analyzed. The results show that MQL oil flow rate at 70 ml/h gave the least tool wear comparable to that of EC, while 10 ml/h gave the highest tool wear. Also, 70 ml/h gave the lowest resultant cutting force among all MQL flow rates. Increasing soybean oil-based MQL flow rate improves surface roughness and reduces tool wear by providing enough thin lubrication film but also leads to an increase in chip affinity and formation of large built-up-edges (BUEs) as the MQL flow rate reaches 90 ml/h. At lower soybean oil-based MQL flow rate, tool wear mechanism is predominantly abrasion due to large surface friction, while at higher soybean oil-based MQL flow rate, tool wear mechanism is adhesion leading to excessive BUEs. Soybean oil-based MQL flow rate at 70 ml/h is recommended when face milling Inconel 718 and is demonstrated to be a potential replacement of EC for machining difficult-to-cut metal.

Identification of Dynamic Coefficients of a Five-Pad Tilting Pad Journal Bearing Up to Highest Surface Speeds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Zemella ◽  
Thomas Hagemann ◽  
Bastian Pfau ◽  
Hubert Schwarze
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Journal Bearing ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Damping Coefficients ◽  
Dynamic Coefficients ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
Bearing Loads ◽  
Tilting Pad Journal Bearing ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper presents measurement results for a five-pad tilting-pad journal bearing in load between pivot configuration. The bearing is characterized by a nominal diameter of 100 mm, a length of 90 mm, and a pivot offset of 0.6. Investigations include results for surface speeds between 25 and 120 m/s and specific bearing loads ranging from 0.0 to 3.0 MPa and different lube oil flow rates. Dynamic excitation test are performed with excitation frequencies up to 400 Hz to evaluate dynamic coefficients of a stiffness (K) and damping (C) KC-model, and additionally, a KCM-model using additional virtual mass (M) coefficients. The impact of surface speed, bearing load, and oil flow rate on measured and predicted KCM-coefficients is investigated. Measured and predicted results can be well fitted to a KCM-model and show a significant influence of the ratio between fluid film and pivot support stiffness on the speed dependent characteristic of bearing stiffness coefficients. However, the impact of this ratio on damping coefficients is considerably lower. Further investigations on the impact of oil flow rates indicate that a significant decrease of direct damping coefficients exists below a certain level of starvation. Above this limit, direct damping coefficients are nearly independent of oil flow rate. Results are analyzed in detail and demands on improvements for predictions are derived.

An Aerodynamic Shroud for Automotive Cooling Fans

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott C. Morris ◽  
John F. Foss
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
System Design ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
High Momentum ◽  
Near Wake ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Cooling Fans ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Improved Performance

Results from an experimental investigation of an aerodynamic fan shroud are reported. The device was motivated by the relatively large (2.5 cm) tip clearance required in automotive cooling fans which are mounted to the engine. The shroud consists of a pressurized plenum and a Coanda attachment surface to deliver a jet of high momentum air into the tip clearance region. Both the performance and the efficiency for the initial system design were enhanced at higher flow rates, and degraded at lower flow rates. A small tuft was used to observe qualitative flow features in the near wake and tip clearance region of the fan. This information was used to create a modified design. The new geometry was tested and found to provide improved performance characteristics for a wider range of flow rate conditions.

Hydraulic model of a water cooling system in a chemical plant

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-806
Author(s):  
Miloslav Hošťálek ◽  
Jiří Výborný ◽  
František Madron
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Graph Algorithm ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Controlled Flow

Steady state hydraulic calculation has been described of an extensive pipeline network based on a new graph algorithm for setting up and decomposition of balance equations of the model. The parameters of the model are characteristics of individual sections of the network (pumps, pipes, and heat exchangers with armatures). In case of sections with controlled flow rate (variable characteristic), or sections with measured flow rate, the flow rates are direct inputs. The interactions of the network with the surroundings are accounted for by appropriate sources and sinks of individual nodes. The result of the calculation is the knowledge of all flow rates and pressure losses in the network. Automatic generation of the model equations utilizes an efficient (vector) fixing of the network topology and predominantly logical, not numerical operations based on the graph theory. The calculation proper utilizes a modification of the model by the method of linearization of characteristics, while the properties of the modified set of equations permit further decrease of the requirements on the computer. The described approach is suitable for the solution of practical problems even on lower category personal computers. The calculations are illustrated on an example of a simple network with uncontrolled and controlled flow rates of cooling water while one of the sections of the network is also a gravitational return flow of the cooling water.

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