Transient Filtration in a Porous Elastic Cylinder

1976 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Contact Stress ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Elastic Cylinder ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Porous Tube ◽  
Direction Opposite

The time-dependent filtration of liquid through the wall of a soft, porous tube can be quite unlike that of a hard, porous tube. Under conditions described, the seepage is limited to thin layers near each surface, and in one of these layers, liquid seepage proceeds in a direction opposite to the sense of the applied pressure drop across the tube wall. This occurs because it is impossible to produce isotropic contact stress in the solid if kept at constant volume by the slowness of seepage. The liquid must then bear the entire isotropic stress.

Improving the Long-Term Performance of Elastomeric Seals by Material Behavior Design

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan B. Sefkow ◽  
Nicholas J. Maciejewski ◽  
Barney E. Klamecki
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Material Behavior ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Ring Section ◽  
Stiff Material ◽  
Elastomeric Seals

Previously it was shown that including smaller inset regions of less stiff material in the larger O-ring section at locations of high stress results in lower strain energy density in the section. This lower energy content is expected to lead to improved long-term seal performance due to less permanent material deformation and so less loss of seal-housing contact pressure. The shape of the inset region, the time-dependent change in material properties, and hence change in seal behavior over time in use were not considered. In this research experimental and numerical simulation studies were conducted to characterize the time-dependent performance of O-ring section designs with small inset regions of different mechanical behaviors than the larger surrounding section. Seal performance in terms of the rate of loss of contact pressure of modified designs and a baseline elastic, one-material design was calculated in finite element models using experimentally measured time-dependent material behavior. The elastic strain energy fields in O-ring sections were calculated under applied pressure and applied displacement loadings. The highest stress, strain, and strain energy regions in O-rings are near seal-gland surface contacts with significantly lower stress in regions of applied pressure. If the size of the modified region of the seal is comparable to the size of the highest energy density region, the shape of the inset is not a major factor in determining overall seal section behavior. The rate of loss of seal-housing contact pressure over time was less for the modified design O-ring sections compared with the baseline seal design. The time-dependent performance of elastomeric seals can be improved by designing seals based on variation of mechanical behavior of the seal over the seal section. Improvement in retention of sealing contact pressure is expected for seal designs with less stiff material in regions of high strain energy density.

The Method of Dynamic Reserves Prediction for a Constant Volume Gas Reservoir

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 456-461
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Lai Bing Zhang ◽  
Bin Quan Jiang ◽  
Huan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Constant Volume ◽  
Phase Method ◽  
Gas Reservoirs ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Material Balance Method ◽  
Unit Pressure

The accurate prediction of the dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs is the important research content of the development of dynamic analysis of gas reservoirs. It is of great significance to the stable and safe production and the formulation of scientific and rational development programs of gas reservoirs. The production methods of dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs mainly include material balance method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method. To clarify the characteristics of these methods better, in this paper, we took two typeⅠwells of a constant volume gas reservoir as an example, the dynamic reserves of single well controlled were respectively calculated, and the results show that the order of the calculated volume of the dynamic reserves by using different methods is material balance method> unit pressure drop of gas production method >elastic two-phase method. Because the material balance method is a static method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method are dynamic methods, therefore, for typeⅠwells of constant volume gas reservoirs, when the gas wells reached the quasi-steady state, the elastic two-phase method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves, and when the gas wells didn’t reach the quasi-steady state, unit pressure drop of gas production method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves. The conclusion has some certain theoretical value for the prediction of dynamic reserves for constant volume gas reservoirs.

Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication of Soft-Layered Solids at Elliptical Contacts: Part 1: Elasticity Analysis

1994 ◽  
Vol 208 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Q Yao ◽  
D Dowson
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Elasticity Analysis ◽  
Synovial Joint ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Non Linear System

In this two-part paper we consider the elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) of soft-layered solids representing elliptical contacts. The problem has not previously attracted much attention, partly due to the lack of an effective numerical procedure to solve the coupled non-linear system of equations, but it is essential to the proper design of bearings with soft elastomeric liners and the full understanding of synovial joint lubrication. In Part 1, the elasticity analysis for the surface deformation of a low elastic modulus layer on a hard-backing half-space under various forms of normal loadings is considered, by means of both the rigorous Hankel transform method and various simplifications. For layers of compressible materials (v ≤ 0.4), a generalized foundation model described by a second-order differential equation is proposed to represent the relationship between the surface deformation and the applied pressure. The empirical equation developed in this study is valid for a very wide range of the aspect ratio of the contact and provides an alternative way of modelling the elastic deformation without recourse to the often tedious integration in the numerical analysis of the EHL problem. The simplest form (constrained column model) of the equation, where the surface deformation is directly proportional to the local applied pressure, was found to be reasonably accurate for compressible thin layers (the aspect ratio 2b/ht ≥ 5 and Poisson's ratio v ≤ 0.4).

scholarly journals The Effect of Very Cohesive Ultra-Fine Particles in Mixtures on Compression, Consolidation, and Fluidization

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Abbas Kamranian Marnani ◽  
Andreas Bück ◽  
Sergiy Antonyuk ◽  
Berend van Wachem ◽  
Dominique Thévenin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
History Effect ◽  
Ultra Fine Particles ◽  
Linear Manner

This paper focuses on the effect of ultra-fine ( d < 10 µm) powders in mixtures with fine ( d < 100 µm) bulk material on compression processes and also evaluates the re-fluidization behavior of the compressed bed (history effect). Achieving this goal, different mixtures of fine and ultra-fine Ground-Carbonate-Calcium were compressed at three pressure levels. The results show that by increasing the applied pressure, the compressibility decreases due to change in compaction regime. Subsequently, for the higher pressure, the slope of packing density versus applied stress curves is noticeably different. However, this slope does not depend on the size distribution of mixtures, but on the type of material. Comparing fluidization and re-fluidization curves (bed pressure drop vs. gas velocity) shows an increase in the maximum bed pressure drop ( Δ P p e a k ) for re-fluidization. By increasing the portion of ultra-fine particles in the binary mixture, Δ P p e a k increases in a non-linear manner. Furthermore, the incipient fluidization point moves to a higher gas velocity. After compression, the peak of the bed pressure drop in the re-fluidization test happens at a lower gas velocity than in the initial fluidization test. Thus, the slope of the loading curve is much larger for re-fluidization. The opposite is observed for the unloading curves.

scholarly journals On Spatial Evolution of the Solution of a Nonstandard Problem in Linear Thermo-Microstretch Elasticity

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Emilian Bulgariu
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Temperature Variation ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Heat Supply ◽  
Elastic Cylinder ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Infinite Cylinder ◽  
Spatial Evolution ◽  
Alternative Behavior ◽  
Nonstandard Problem

An anisotropic and nonhomogeneous compressible linear thermo-microstretch elastic cylinder is subject to zero body loads and heat supply and zero lateral specific boundary conditions. The motion is induced by a time-dependent displacement, microrotation, microstretch, and temperature variation specified pointwise over the base. Further, the motion is constrained such that the displacement, microrotation, microstretch and temperature variation and their derivatives with respect to time at points in the cylinder and at a prescribed time are given in proportion to, but not identical with, their respective initial values. Two different cases for these proportional constants are treated. It is shown that certain integrals of the solution spatially evolve with respect to the axial variable. Conditions are derived that show that the integrals exhibit alternative behavior and in particular for the semi-infinite cylinder that there is either at least exponential growth or at most exponential decay.

The ignition of a thin layer of explosive by impact

1974 ◽  
Vol 338 (1612) ◽  
pp. 77-93 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Drop Weight ◽  
Flow Speeds ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Weight Impact

The behaviour of thin layers of solid materials under drop-weight impact is studied with the aid of high-speed photographic and pressure-measuring techniques. Photographic sequences taken with a high-speed framing camera show that explosive materials suffer large-scale deformation before initiation of explosion. The sample may undergo plastic flow in bulk, show evidence of partial fusion, and even (with PETN) melt completely. There is also evidence of Munroe jetting and instability of flow of material at the anvil/layer interfaces. The flow speed of the sample during these processes is considerable and may reach 300 m/s. When ignition of the layer occurs it does so at a small number of local hot spots, following which rapid combustion develops at speeds of 200-700 m/s. Strain-gauge measurements show that the pressures attained during drop-weight impact are typically 0.5-1 GPa (5–10 kbar) and the duration of impact 300–500 μs. In the course of impact of a thin layer of granular material a sharp pressure drop may occur, frequently from several hundred MPa down to zero. With an explosive layer, ignition occurs immediately following the instant of the pressure drop. The sudden fall in pressure is due to mechanical failure of the sample, and correlation of the two experiments shows that this is the cause of the very high flow speeds attained during impact. On the basis of these results a possible mechanism of ignition is suggested.

Pressure drop due to the motion of a sphere near the wall bounding a Poiseuille flow

1973 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Bungay ◽  
Howard Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Poiseuille Flow ◽  
Circular Tube ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Previous Method ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Additional Pressure ◽  
Sphere Radius ◽  
Neutrally Buoyant ◽  
Quiescent Fluid

An expression is derived for the (low Reynolds number) additional pressure drop created by a relatively small sphere moving near the wall of a circular tube through which there is a Poiseuille flow. Two specific applications are examined: (i) the sedimentation of a homogeneous non-neutrally buoyant sphere in a quiescent fluid; and (ii) the motion of a neutrally buoyant sphere. In the latter case a pronounced increase in the additional pressure drop is predicted when the separation between the sphere and the tube wall is reduced to zero.This analysis, which includes the behaviour for a sphere in contact with the tube wall, supplements previous ‘method of reflexions’ treatments valid only when the distance from the sphere centre to the wall is large compared with the sphere radius.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document