Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine Combustion With Hydrogen, Gasoline, and Ethanol as Fumigants: Effect of Diesel Injection Timing

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fang ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
David B. Kittelson ◽  
William F. Northrop
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Diesel Injection ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Premixed compression ignition (CI) combustion has attracted increasing research effort recently due to its potential to achieve both high thermal efficiency and low emissions. Dual-fuel strategies for enabling premixed CI have been a focus using a low-reactivity fumigant and direct diesel injection to control ignition. Alternative fuels like hydrogen and ethanol have been used as fumigants in the past but typically with diesel injection systems that did not allow the same degree of control or mixing enabled by modern common rail systems. In this work, we experimentally investigated hydrogen, ethanol, and gasoline as fumigants and examined three levels of fumigant energy fraction (FEF) using gasoline over a large, direct diesel injection timing range with a single-cylinder diesel engine. It was found that the operable diesel injection timing range at constant FEF was dependent on the fumigant's propensity for autoignition. Peak indicated gross cycle efficiency occurred with advanced diesel injection timing and aligned well with combustion phasing near top dead center (TDC), as we found in an earlier work. The use of hydrogen as a fumigant resulted in very low hydrocarbon (HC) emissions compared with ethanol and gasoline, establishing that they mainly result from incomplete combustion of the fumigated fuel. Hydrogen emissions were independent of diesel injection timing, and HC emissions were strongly linked to combustion phasing, giving further indication that squish and crevice flows are responsible for partially burned species from fumigation combustion.

Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine Combustion With Hydrogen, Gasoline and Ethanol as Fumigants: Effect of Diesel Injection Timing

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fang ◽  
Bin Huang ◽  
David B. Kittelson ◽  
William F. Northop
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Rail Systems ◽  
Diesel Injection ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

Premixed compression ignition (CI) combustion has attracted increasing research effort recently due to its potential to achieve both high thermal efficiency and low emissions. Dual-fuel strategies for enabling premixed CI have been a focus using a low reactivity fumigant and direct diesel injection to control ignition. Alternative fuels like hydrogen and ethanol have been used as fumigants in the past but typically with diesel injection systems that did not allow the same degree of control or mixing enabled by modern common rail systems. In this work we experimentally investigated hydrogen, ethanol and gasoline as fumigants and examined three levels of fumigant energy fraction (FEF) using gasoline over a large direct diesel injection timing range with a single cylinder diesel engine. It was found that the operable diesel injection timing range at constant FEF was dependent on the fumigant’s propensity for autoignition. Peak indicated gross cycle efficiency occurred with advanced diesel injection timing and aligned well with combustion phasing near TDC as we found in an earlier work. The use of hydrogen as a fumigant resulted in very low HC emissions compared with ethanol and gasoline, establishing that they mainly result from incomplete combustion of the fumigated fuel. Hydrogen emissions were independent of diesel injection timing and HC emissions were strongly linked to combustion phasing, giving further indication that squish and crevice flows are responsible for partially burned species from fumigation combustion.

Effects of ammonia energy fraction and diesel injection timing on combustion and emissions of an ammonia/diesel dual-fuel engine

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122723
Author(s):  
Amin Yousefi ◽  
Hongsheng Guo ◽  
Shouvik Dev ◽  
Brian Liko ◽  
Simon Lafrance
Keyword(s):  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Energy Fraction ◽  
Diesel Injection

scholarly journals Effects of Injection Timing on Combustion and Emission Performance of Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine under Low to Medium Load Conditions

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Zhou ◽  
Hong-Wei Zhao ◽  
Yu-Peng Huang ◽  
Jian-Hui Wei ◽  
Yu-Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Substitution Rate ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Excess Air ◽  
Diesel Injection ◽  
Medium Speed ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Load Conditions

A throttle can be installed on the intake pipe of a natural gas (NG)/diesel dual-fuel engine to control the excess air ratio of the air-fuel mixture by adjusting the air intake. Building on a previously proposed NG/diesel dual-fuel supply strategy using the adjustment of excess air ratio, this work further studied the effects of different injection timing schemes on output power, fuel efficiency, and pollutant emissions of a dual-fuel engine under low to medium load conditions. In the experiment, the engine was operated at a speed of 1600 r/min, under either low (27.1 N·m) or medium (50.6 N·m) loads, and the NG substitution rate was either 40%, 60%, or 80%. The effect of different injection timing schemes on the combustion performance of the engine under low to medium load conditions was studied based on in-cylinder pressure changes detected by a pressure sensor. Experimental results showed that under medium-speed low-load conditions and a NG substitution rate of 40%, setting the diesel injection timing to 27 °CA BTDC increased the engine output power by 9.03%, reduced the brake specific energy consumption (BSEC) by 13.33%, and effectively reduced CO, CO2, and HC emissions. Under medium-speed medium-load conditions with a NG substitution rate of 80%, setting the diesel injection timing to 25 °CA BTDC increased the engine output power by 14.62%, reduced the BSEC by 11.73%, and significantly reduced CO, CO2, and HC emissions.

A phenomenological combustion analysis of a dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuonan Xu ◽  
David Anderson ◽  
Mark Hoffman ◽  
Robert Prucka ◽  
Zoran Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Wiebe Function

Energy security concerns and an abundant supply of natural gas in the USA provide the impetus for engine designers to consider alternative gaseous fuels in the existing engines. The dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine concept is attractive because of the minimal design changes, the ability to preserve a high compression ratio of the baseline diesel, and the lack of range anxiety. However, the increased complexity of a dual-fuel engine poses challenges, including the knock limit at a high load, the combustion instability at a low load, and the transient response of an engine with directly injected diesel fuel and port fuel injection of compressed natural gas upstream of the intake manifold. Predictive simulations of the complete engine system are an invaluable tool for investigations of these conditions and development of dual-fuel control strategies. This paper presents the development of a phenomenological combustion model of a heavy-duty dual-fuel engine, aided by insights from experimental data. Heat release analysis is carried out first, using the cylinder pressure data acquired with both diesel-only and dual-fuel (diesel and natural gas) combustion over a wide operating range. A diesel injection timing correlation based on the injector solenoid valve pulse widths is developed, enabling the diesel fuel start of injection to be detected without extra sensors on the fuel injection cam. The experimental heat release trends are obtained with a hybrid triple-Wiebe function for both diesel-only operation and dual-fuel operation. The ignition delay period of dual-fuel operation is examined and estimated with a predictive correlation using the concept of a pseudo-diesel equivalence ratio. A four-stage combustion mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that a triple-Wiebe function has the ability to represent all stages of dual-fuel combustion. This creates a critical building block for modeling a heavy-duty dual-fuel turbocharged engine system.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of common rail direct injection (CRDI) engine fuelled with Uppage Oil Methyl Ester (UOME)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Basavarajappa ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
S.V. Khandal ◽  
G. Manavendra
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Performance And Emission

For economic and social development of any country energy is one of the most essential requirements. Continuously increasing price of crude petroleum fuels in the present days coupled with alarming emissions and stringent emission regulations has led to growing attention towards use of alternative fuels like vegetable oils, alcoholic and gaseous fuels for diesel engine applications. Use of such fuels can ease the burden on the economy by curtailing the fuel imports. Diesel engines are highly efficient and the main problems associated with them is their high smoke and NOx emissions.  Hence there is an urgent need to promote the use of alternative fuels in place of high speed diesel (HSD) as substitute. India has a large agriculture base that can be used as a feed stock to obtain newer fuel which is renewable and sustainable. Accordingly Uppage oil methyl ester (UOME) biodiesel was selected as an alternative fuel. Use of biodiesels in diesel engines fitted with mechanical fuel injection systems has limitation on the injector opening pressure (300 bar). CRDI system can overcome this drawback by injecting fuel at very high pressures (1500-2500 bar) and is most suitable for biodiesel fuels which are high viscous. This paper presents the performance and emission characteristics of a CRDI diesel engine fuelled with UOME biodiesel at different injection timings and injection pressures. From the experimental evidence it was revealed that UOME biodiesel yielded overall better performance with reduced emissions at retarded injection timing of -10° BTDC in CRDI mode of engine operation.

scholarly journals Hydrogen Injection in a Dual Fuel Engine Fueled with Low-Pressure Injection of Methyl Ester of Thevetia Peruviana (METP) for Diesel Engine Maintenance Application

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 5663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahantesh Marikatti ◽  
N. R. Banapurmath ◽  
V. S. Yaliwal ◽  
Y.H. Basavarajappa ◽  
Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Gaseous Fuel ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Thevetia Peruviana ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Engine Maintenance

The present work is mapped to scrutinize the consequence of biodiesel and gaseous fuel properties, and their impact on compression-ignition (CI) engine combustion and emission characteristics in single and dual fuel operation. Biodiesel prepared from non-edible oil source derived from Thevetia peruviana belonging to the plant family of Apocynaceaeis. The fuel has been referred as methyl ester of Thevetia peruviana (METP) and adopted as pilot fuel for the effective combustion of compressed gaseous fuel of hydrogen. This investigation is an effort to augment the engine performance of a biodiesel-gaseous fueled diesel engine operated under varied engine parameters. Subsequently, consequences of gas flow rate, injection timing, gas entry type, and manifold gas injection on the modified dual-fuel engine using conventional mechanical fuel injections (CMFIS) for optimum engine performance were investigated. Fuel consumption, CO, UHC, and smoke formations are spotted to be less besides higher NOx emissions compared to CMFIS operation. The fuel burning features such as ignition delay, burning interval, and variation of pressure and heat release rates with crank angle are scrutinized and compared with base fuel. Sustained research in this direction can convey practical engine technology, concerning fuel combinations in the dual fuel mode, paving the way to alternatives which counter the continued fossil fuel utilization that has detrimental impacts on the climate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document