Testing of a Novel Post Combustion Acid Removal Process for the Direct-Fired, Oxy-Combustion Allam Cycle Power Generation System

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijia Lu ◽  
Scott Martin ◽  
Mike McGroddy ◽  
Mike Swanson ◽  
Josh Stanislowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Gas Removal

The Allam Cycle is a high-performance oxy-fuel, supercritical CO2 power cycle that offers significant benefits over traditional fossil and hydrocarbon fuel-based power generation systems. A major benefit arises in the elimination of costly precombustion acid gas removal (AGR) for sulfur- (SOx) and nitrogen-based (NOx) impurities by utilizing a novel downstream cleanup process that utilizes NOx first as a gas phase catalyst to effect SOx oxidation, followed by NOx removal. The basic reactions required for this process, which have been well demonstrated in several facilities for the cleanup of exhaust gasses, ultimately convert SOx and NOx species to sulfuric, nitric, and nitrous acids for removal from the supercritical CO2 stream. The process results in simplified and significantly lower cost removal of these species and utilizes conditions inherent to the Allam Cycle that are ideally suited to facilitate this process. 8 Rivers Capital and the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), supported by the state of North Dakota, the U.S. Department of Energy and an Industrial consortium from the State of North Dakota, are currently working together to test and optimize this novel impurity removal process for pressurized, semi-closed supercritical CO2 cycles, such as the Allam Cycle. Both reaction kinetic modeling and on-site testing have been completed. Initial results show that both SOx and NOx can be substantially removed from CO2-rich exhaust gas containing excess oxygen under 20 bar operating pressure utilizing a simple packed spray column. Sensitivity of the removal rate to the concentration of oxygen and NOx was investigated. Follow-on work will focus on system optimization to improve removal efficiency and removal control, to minimize metallurgy and corrosion risks from handling concentrated acids, and to reduce overall capital cost and operating cost of the system.

Testing of a Novel Post Combustion Acid Removal Process for the Direct-Fired, Oxy-Combustion Allam Cycle Power Generation System

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijia Lu ◽  
Scott Martin ◽  
Mike McGroddy ◽  
Mike Swanson ◽  
Josh Stanislowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
The State ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Removal Process ◽  
Gas Removal

The Allam Cycle is a high performance oxy-fuel, supercritical CO2 power cycle that offers significant benefits over traditional fossil and hydrocarbon fuel-based power generation systems. A major benefit arises in the elimination of costly pre-combustion acid gas removal (AGR) for sulfur-(SOx) and nitrogen-based (NOx) impurities by utilizing a novel downstream cleanup process that utilizes NOx first as a gas phase catalyst to effect SOx oxidation, followed by NOx removal. The basic reactions required for this process, which have been well-demonstrated in several facilities for the cleanup of exhaust gasses, ultimately convert SOx and NOx species to sulfuric, nitric and nitrous acids for removal from the supercritical CO2 stream. The process results in simplified and significantly lower cost removal of these species and utilizes conditions inherent to the Allam Cycle that are ideally suited to facilitate this process. 8 Rivers Capital and the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), supported by the state of North Dakota, the US Department of Energy (DOE) and an Industrial consortium from the State of North Dakota, are currently working together to test and optimize this novel impurity removal process for pressurized, semi-closed supercritical CO2 cycles, such as the Allam Cycle. Both reaction kinetic modeling and on-site testing have been completed. Initial results show that both SOx and NOx can be substantially removed from CO2-rich exhaust gas containing excess oxygen under 20 bar operating pressure utilizing a simple packed spray column. Sensitivity of the removal rate to the concentration of oxygen and NOx was investigated. Follow-on work will focus on system optimization to improve removal efficiency and removal control, to minimize metallurgy and corrosion risks from handling concentrated acids, and to reduce overall CAPX/OPEX of the system.

scholarly journals Energy Management System Optimization of Drug Store Electric Vehicles Charging Station Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6163
Author(s):  
Yongyi Huang ◽  
Atsushi Yona ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Ashraf Mohamed Hemeida ◽  
Paras Mandal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations

Electric vehicle charging station have become an urgent need in many communities around the world, due to the increase of using electric vehicles over conventional vehicles. In addition, establishment of charging stations, and the grid impact of household photovoltaic power generation would reduce the feed-in tariff. These two factors are considered to propose setting up charging stations at convenience stores, which would enable the electric energy to be shared between locations. Charging stations could collect excess photovoltaic energy from homes and market it to electric vehicles. This article examines vehicle travel time, basic household energy demand, and the electricity consumption status of Okinawa city as a whole to model the operation of an electric vehicle charging station for a year. The entire program is optimized using MATLAB mixed integer linear programming (MILP) toolbox. The findings demonstrate that a profit could be achieved under the principle of ensuring the charging station’s stable service. Household photovoltaic power generation and electric vehicles are highly dependent on energy sharing between regions. The convenience store charging station service strategy suggested gives a solution to the future issues.

Sunflower Diseases Remain Rare in California Seed Production Fields Compared to North Dakota

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Gulya ◽  
Suzanne Rooney-Latham ◽  
Jean S. Miller ◽  
Kathleen Kosta ◽  
Colleen Murphy-Vierra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
The State ◽  
California Department ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Plasmopara Halstedii ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Phoma Macdonaldii ◽  
Sunflower Production

The majority of United States sunflower production is in seven Midwestern states, but hybrid planting seed is almost exclusively produced in California. Due to the lack of summer rains and furrow irrigation, California-produced seed is relatively disease free and thus it regularly meets phytosanitary restrictions imposed by many countries. For the 15-year period from 1997 to 2011, 7231 seed fields in northern California were inspected and samples processed at the state diagnostic laboratory (California Department of Food and Agriculture). Rust (Puccinia helianthi) was the most prevalent quarantine disease, found in 4.3% of fields. Stalk rot (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) and downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) were the only other quarantine pathogens observed, found in 2.6% and 0.5% of the 7231 fields, respectively. Many sunflower pathogens have never been recorded in California, including Phoma macdonaldii, Phomopsis helianthi, or any virus. North Dakota, the state with the highest US sunflower production, had quarantine pathogens in 88% of 1263 fields surveyed from 1995 to 2011. Phoma macdonaldii, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Puccinia helianthi, Phomopsis helianthi, Plasmopara halstedii, and Verticillium dahliae were recorded in 62, 54, 37, 33, 14, and 12%, respectively, of North Dakota fields. Accepted for publication 5 November 2012. Published 14 December 2012.

Experimental and Numerical Analyses of a Pressurized Air Receiver for Solar-Driven Gas Turbines

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Illias Hischier ◽  
Pascal Leumann ◽  
Aldo Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Monte Carlo Techniques ◽  
Concentrated Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Receiver

A high-temperature pressurized air-based receiver for power generation via solar-driven gas turbines is experimentally and theoretically examined. It consists of an annular reticulate porous ceramic (RPC) foam concentric with an inner cylindrical cavity-receiver exposed to concentrated solar radiation. Absorbed heat is transferred by combined conduction, radiation, and convection to the pressurized air flowing across the RPC. The governing steady-state mass, momentum and energy conservation equations are formulated and solved numerically by coupled Finite Volume and Monte Carlo techniques. Validation is accomplished with experimental results using a 1 kW solar receiver prototype subjected to average solar radiative fluxes in the range 1870–4360 kW m−2. Experimentation was carried out with air and helium as working fluids, heated from ambient temperature up to 1335 K at an absolute operating pressure of 5 bars.

scholarly journals Modeling of advanced fossil fuel power plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Zabihian
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Fuel Switching ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cycle Efficiency

The first part of this thesis deals with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel-fired power stations. The GHG emission estimation from fossil fuel power generation industry signifies that emissions from this industry can be significantly reduced by fuel switching and adaption of advanced power generation technologies. In the second part of the thesis, steady-state models of some of the advanced fossil fuel power generation technologies are presented. The impacts of various parameters on the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) overpotentials and outputs are investigated. The detail analyses of operation of the hybrid SOFC-gas turbine (GT) cycle when fuelled with methane and syngas demonstrate that the efficiencies of the cycles with and without anode exhaust recirculation are close, but the specific power of the former is much higher. The parametric analysis of the performance of the hybrid SOFC-GT cycle indicates that increasing the system operating pressure and SOFC operating temperature and fuel utilization factor improves cycle efficiency, but the effects of the increasing SOFC current density and turbine inlet temperature are not favourable. The analysis of the operation of the system when fuelled with a wide range of fuel types demonstrates that the hybrid SOFC-GT cycle efficiency can be between 59% and 75%, depending on the inlet fuel type. Then, the system performance is investigated when methane as a reference fuel is replaced with various species that can be found in the fuel, i.e., H₂, CO₂, CO, and N₂. The results point out that influence of various species can be significant and different for each case. The experimental and numerical analyses of a biodiesel fuelled micro gas turbine indicate that fuel switching from petrodiesel to biodiesel can influence operational parameters of the system. The modeling results of gas turbine-based power plants signify that relatively simple models can predict plant performance with acceptable accuracy. The unique feature of these models is that they are developed based on similar assumptions and run at similar conditions; therefore, their results can be compared. This work demonstrates that, although utilization of fossil fuels for power generation is inevitable, at least in the short- and mid-term future, it is possible and practical to carry out such utilization more efficiently and in an environmentally friendlier manner.

Dendrobiomass Based Power Generation - A PCS (Production to Consumption System) Approach in Tamil Nadu, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
P. Durairasu ◽  
K. Parthiban
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
The State ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Consumption System ◽  
The Impact

Bioresources particularly the dendro energy resources play significant role in meeting the energy requirement of both domestic and industrial requirements. With the improvement in the technology of conversion and utilization over the last three decades dendro energy resources have reached a status of being considered as commercial energy resources and are prioritized for use in decentralized biomass based power generation projects. However, many biomass based power plants started in the country in general and the state of Tamil Nadu in particular have exhibited various constraints which resulted in uncertained power generation. The reasons are numerous but the key factors are non-availability of quality (High Calorific Value) raw material, fragmented land use pattern, lack of site specific HDSR models, unorganized supply chain and lack of partnership among various stake holders. Against this back drop, the current project has conceived a concept of consortium mode dendro energy farming by comprehensively involving all levels of stake holders viz., research institutes for technology development for dendro energy resources, biomass power plant for assuring minimum support price and to facilitate contract farming, the farmers to grow energy trees identified by the research institutes and adopt precision silvicultural technology and lastly the financial institution to provide credit facilities to energy plantation growers. This consortium has been successfully introduced and implemented in Tamil Nadu in association with Auromira Energy Company Limited which have three Biomass Power Plants with an installed capacity of 35.5 MW. Through this consortium, the research institute has identified high yielding energy rich species and developed HDSR models suitable for varied agroclimatic zones. This consortium has introduced contract dendro energy farming in the state following farm forestry and captive model approaches. The various contract farming models land lease, tree share and income share models have been introduced through this consortium to benefit the growers and the biomass based power plants. In a holistic perspective the consortium has reduced the impact of multipartite supply chain in to a bi-partite, tri-partite and quad partite model supply chain thereby helped to augment the Production to Consumption System (PCS). This model can suitably be modified to meet the wood requirement of other wood based industries. This paper discusses the constraints and the interventions made to augment dendrobioresources to generate power which are from clean and green bioresources.

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