Sustainable Fabrication of Glass Nanostructures Using Infrared Transparent Mold Assisted by CO2 Laser Scanning Irradiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Zairulnizam Bin Mohd Zawawi ◽  
Taekyung Kim ◽  
Myungki Jung ◽  
Jaehun Im ◽  
Shinill Kang
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Laser ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Thermal Mass ◽  
Silicon Mold ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Scanning Irradiation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Shaped Glass

Direct thermal imprinting of nanostructures on glass substrates is reliable when manufacturing net-shaped glass devices with various surface functions. However, several problems are recognized, including a long thermal cycle, tedious optimization, difficulties in ensuring high level replication fidelity, and unnecessary thermal deformation of the glass substrate. Here, we describe a more sustainable and energy efficient method for direct thermal imprinting of nanostructures onto glass substrates; we use silicon mold transparent to infrared between 2.5 and 25 μm in wavelength combined with CO2 laser scanning irradiation. The glass strongly absorbed the 10.6 μm wavelength irradiation, triggering substantial heating of a thin layer on the glass surface, which significantly enhanced the filling of pressed glass material into nanostructured silicon mold cavities. For comparison, we conducted conventional direct glass thermal imprinting experiments, further emphasizing the advantages of our new method, which outperformed conventional methods. The thermal mass cycle was shorter and the imprint pattern quality and yield, higher. Our method is sustainable, allowing more rapid scalable fabrication of glass nanostructures using less energy without sacrificing the quality and productivity of the fabricated devices.

scholarly journals GARUDA: Designing Energy-Efficient Hardware Monitors From High-Level Policies for Secure Information Flow

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 2509-2518
Author(s):  
Seaghan Sefton ◽  
Taiman Siddiqui ◽  
Nathaniel St. Amour ◽  
Gordon Stewart ◽  
Avinash Karanth Kodi
Keyword(s):  
Information Flow ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals EXPLORING ALS AND DIM DATA FOR SEMANTIC SEGMENTATION USING CNNS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-1 ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Politz ◽  
M. Sester
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Semantic Segmentation ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
High Level

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Over the past years, the algorithms for dense image matching (DIM) to obtain point clouds from aerial images improved significantly. Consequently, DIM point clouds are now a good alternative to the established Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) point clouds for remote sensing applications. In order to derive high-level applications such as digital terrain models or city models, each point within a point cloud must be assigned a class label. Usually, ALS and DIM are labelled with different classifiers due to their varying characteristics. In this work, we explore both point cloud types in a fully convolutional encoder-decoder network, which learns to classify ALS as well as DIM point clouds. As input, we project the point clouds onto a 2D image raster plane and calculate the minimal, average and maximal height values for each raster cell. The network then differentiates between the classes ground, non-ground, building and no data. We test our network in six training setups using only one point cloud type, both point clouds as well as several transfer-learning approaches. We quantitatively and qualitatively compare all results and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of all setups. The best network achieves an overall accuracy of 96<span class="thinspace"></span>% in an ALS and 83<span class="thinspace"></span>% in a DIM test set.</p>

LTCC Based Multi-Electrode Arrays for In-Vitro Cell Culture

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (CICMT) ◽  
pp. 000269-000274
Author(s):  
Heike Bartsch ◽  
Dirk Stöpel ◽  
Marcel Himmerlich ◽  
Martin Baca ◽  
Philipp Stadie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Gold Electrodes ◽  
Neural Cells ◽  
Electrode Arrays ◽  
Green Tape ◽  
High Level

Neurobiological concepts based on state-of-the art technology have so far lacked the complexity of actual high-level neurobiological systems. Two key advances are needed to improve our understanding of such systems: in vitro 3D-neuronal cell culture and 3D MEA systems for measuring such 3D-cultures. These requirements call for smart multilayer and packaging technology. The material Green Tape TM from DuPont Nemours is chosen for the presented works, because its compatibility and those of available metallisation with cell cultures is already proven. An LTCC multilayer circuit with gold electrodes is the base of the 3D MEA. The layout of the 3D MEA is designed to fit the MEA2100-System for in vitro recording from Multi Channel Systems and enable thus a comparable data processing to established 2D MEAs Slots. The surface topography of the thick film electrodes and the surface state is investigated with laser scanning microscopy, SEM, XPS and measurements of the wetting angle of contact. The impedance of the screen printed electrodes is discussed taking these data into account. Their impedance amounts to 24 kΩ and are falls thus below the impedance of commercially available electroplated gold electrodes of 30 kΩ. First promising results have been achieved using 3D MEAs for 2D culture of human pluripotent stem cell derived neural cells.

scholarly journals State-of-the-art and proof-of-concept installations for repository concepts based in crystalline rock

2015 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1665-1673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus Kronberg ◽  
Jan Gugala ◽  
Keijo Haapala
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Crystalline Rock ◽  
High Level Waste ◽  
Geological Disposal ◽  
Geological Repository ◽  
Reference Design ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Deep Underground ◽  
High Level

AbstractOver the last five decades private and national energy programmes worldwide have been producing a variety of radioactive wastes. One of the safest ways of disposing of this waste is to bury it deep underground in purpose-built geological disposal facilities. Currently, there is no operating geological repository in Europe for high-level waste but the goal of the IGD-TP is that the first repository shall be fully operational before the year 2025. Several studies and experiments are ongoing at various potential repository sites in Europe with the goal to establish general approaches that can be adapted for any country in need of a geological repository.The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Co (SKB) in Sweden and Posiva Oy in Finland are developing a method for geological disposal of high-level long-lived nuclear waste in crystalline rock, the KBS-3 method. KBS-3V (vertical) is both organizations reference design, but KBS-3H (horizontal) emplacement is also being researched as a potential alternative. Of high importance in the development is demonstrating the technical feasibilityin situof safe and reliable construction, manufacturing, disposal and sealing of such geological disposal facilities. Parts of these demonstrations are carried out under the framework of EurAtom/FP7 and one of these projects is the LUCOEX project where SKB is demonstrating horizontal emplacement, the Multi Purpose Test (MPT), and Posiva is demonstrating vertical buffer installation processes.The MPT includes the key components of the horizontal design and comprises all essential steps; manufacturing of the full-scale components, their assembly, installation in the drift and monitoring of the early buffer evolution. The MPT installation was successfully performed in late 2013. By combining the components, an initial verification of the design implementation has been achieved. At the same time, integrating the components has meant the recognition of some design weaknesses and the design will be updated accordingly.Posiva's KBS-3V buffer installation equipment that places buffer blocks with high precision in vertical deposition holes is currently being developed and will be tested during 2014 and 2015 in real underground conditions. The machine uses vacuum lifting tools for moving the buffer blocks and laser scanning technology to position both the machine and blocks. Functionality of the concept and equipment selected will be confirmed by the tests and the installation tests will provide important information about the suitability of the selected buffer dimensions and tolerances.

Improving sustainability of residential homes: occupants motivation and behaviour

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 477-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick X.W. Zou ◽  
Rebecca J. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Content Type ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
High Level

Purpose – This paper aims to investigate residential occupants’ motivations and behaviour on energy savings. Energy consumption in residential buildings is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Design/methodology/approach – By using an online survey questionnaire instrument, this research collected 504 sets of responses from households in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Findings – Through statistical analysis of the data collected, this research found that construction cost and government incentive were considered as the major influencing factors on achieving energy-efficient residential building development, and the lower bills resulted from the reduced energy and water consumption were considered as the most important benefits. The research also found that many households exhibited a high level of awareness and had implemented some sustainability improvement measures. It is suggested, based on these research findings, that governments should articulate, by means of education, the rationale and benefits of sustainable home development that are identified in this research and reduce material costs and increase government incentives. Originality/value – A framework on improving residential sustainability was proposed in this paper. Stakeholders in the sustainable home supply chain could use this framework as a reference to pave the way for energy efficient home development from their perspective

Acoustic Microscopy for Evaluating Cracks Produced by CO2 Laser Within Thin Alumina Plates

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiaki Miyasaka ◽  
Bernhard R. Tittmann
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
High Power ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Post Process ◽  
Micro Cracks

The laser shaping of thin alumina ceramic plates appears to be an advantageous manufacturing method. Unfortunately, the failure rate for using this technique is high because of crack initiation during the application of a high power laser. We address the issue of crack initiation with the use of in-process and post-process analysis. This article reports our results on the evaluation of the surface and interior cracks with optical, scanning laser, scanning electron and scanning acoustic microscopy. We present images of surface and subsurface micro-cracks generated at different power levels of a high power CO2 laser system. The spatial variation of the Rayleigh wave velocity is measured by the V(z) curve technique. These preliminary data suggest that, some with improvement, the V(z) technique may detect residual stress with high spatial resolution. The obtained results may contribute to the understanding of the fracture mechanism, and can eventually provide guidance for the choice of laser parameters (e.g., power, focus, scanning rate, emitting duration, or the like) in laser shaping apparatus.

scholarly journals Energy Efficient and Secured Data Dissemination in Wsn

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Data Dissemination ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Application Service ◽  
Efficient Data ◽  
Small Change ◽  
High Level ◽  
Secured Data

Data dissemination is a high level application service, provided to WSN to update the configuration parameter to make the node perform intended services. The configuration parameters of the nodes are updated by means of reprogramming and reconfiguration through over air programming. In data dissemination, the data are so sensitive that even a small change in a data will lead to data corruption and nodes will not perform intended services. In most of the existing systems, providing energy efficient secured data dissemination is a major concern. The attackers can interrupt the process data dissemination and launch various types of attacks, In-order to overcome these challenges. In this paper, a novel Secure Based Dissemination protocol is proposed which can provide energy efficient data dissemination. The proposed protocol ensures better authentication during data dissemination. The proposed protocol is implemented in NS2 simulator. Simulation results justifies that, proposed protocol output forms the existing techniques and has better Packet Delivery Ratio, throughput , network life time, energy consumption, end to end delay and routing overhead .

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF POSSIBILITIES OF LOW-COST PHOTOGRAMMETRY FOR INTERIOR MAPPING

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W3 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
A. Dlesk ◽  
K. Vach ◽  
P. Holubec
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Lower Light ◽  
High Level

Abstract. This paper shows the possibilities of using low-cost photogrammetry for interior mapping as a tool to gather fast and accurate data for 3D modelling and BIM. To create a 3D model of a building interior with a high level of detail requires techniques such as laser scanning and photogrammetry. In the case of photogrammetry, it is possible to use standard cameras and SfM software to create an accurate point cloud which can be used for 3D modelling and then for BIM. The images captured indoor are often captured under lower light conditions. Using different exposure during capturing of images of building interior was tested. Frequent plain walls of a building interior cause that the images are usually lack of any features and their photogrammetric processing is getting much more difficult. In some cases, results of photogrammetric processing are poor and inaccurate. In this paper, an experiment of creating a 3D model of a building interior using photogrammetric processing of images was carried out. For this experiment digital camera with two different lenses (16 mm lens and fisheye lens) was used. For photogrammetric processing were chosen different software. All the results were compared to each other and to the laser scanning data of the interior. At the end of the paper, the discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of the shown method has been made.

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