Use of perforation and mathematical modeling to increase solar based steam distillation system efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Arslan Afzal ◽  
Anjum Munir ◽  
Waseem Amjad ◽  
Jorge L. Alvarado ◽  
Muhammad Umair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Different Parts

Abstract Solar distillation system has recently been explored and used for the extraction of essential oil from different agricultural herbs. The efficiency of conventional distillation systems is low and most are driven by hot gases. On the other hand, the solar-driven distillation system has higher efficiency and is based on renewable energy. The modified solar distillation system comprises a Scheffler reflector “concentrator”, newly design steam receiver, distillation still, steam condenser, florentine flask and biomass-based boiler. A perforated circular pan added at the still bottom and pattern of steam flow and temperature distribution was examined using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique. The CFD simulation results showed that homogeneity in the steam distribution in the distillation still which is required to get maximum essential oil extraction efficiency. The energy dissemination at different parts of newly design solar distillation system was estimated using mathematical modeling. The results of different experiments showed that the yield of essential oils from fresh Rosemary and Cumin were 0.17% w/w and 1.11% w/w respectively. The efficiency of the modified solar distillation system with a perforated pan and steam receiver was found to be 8% higher than the previous system.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition of the Different Parts of Eryngium aquifolium from Spain

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Palá-Paúl ◽  
Jaime Usano-Alemany ◽  
Joseph J. Brophy ◽  
María J. Pérez-Alonso ◽  
Ana-Cristina Soria
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Volatile Composition ◽  
Percentage Composition ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Different Parts

The essential oils from the different parts [inflorescences (E.a.I), stems + leaves (E.a.SL) and roots (E.a.R)] of E. aquifolium Cav. gathered in Cádiz (Spain), have been extracted by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Quantitative and qualitative differences have been found between the analyzed plant parts. A total of 107 compounds have been identified. The main constituents were germacrene D (30.3%) and sesquicineole (26.7%) for E.a.I fraction, germacrene D (46.0%) and myrcene (13.8%) in the E.a.SL, while E.a.R showed phyllocladene isomer (63.6%) as a unique major compound. The percentage composition of the other constituents was lower than 5.5% in all the analyzed fractions. In agreement with other Eryngium species, no specific compound could be used as a marker for the chemotaxonomy of E. aquifolium. However, similarities in volatile composition were found between E. aquifolium and other species growing under similar environmental conditions. As far as we know, this is the first report on the essential oil of this species.

scholarly journals Effect of stalk and leaf extracts from Euphorbiaceae species on Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) larvae

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Goretti Araújo de Lima ◽  
Ismália Cassandra Costa Maia ◽  
Bruna Dantas de Sousa ◽  
Selene Maia de Morais ◽  
Sílvia Maria Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Variance Analysis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Different Parts

The objective of this study was to evaluate the larvicidal activity of essential oil aqueous solutions (hydrolates) obtained by steam distillation of stalks and leaves of Croton argyrophylloides, Croton nepetaefolius, Croton sonderianus and Croton zehntneri against Aedes aegypti larvae. Twenty-five larvae of third instar were placed in plastic beckers, containing the hydrolates (50 mL), in a four repetitions scheme. Water was used as control and the number of dead larvae was counted after 24 hours. The data obtained were submitted to Variance Analysis and Tukey test. Significant differences were observed among the hydrolates from different species and from different parts of each plant (p < 0.001). The hydrolates of stalk and leaf from C. nepetaefolius and C. zehntneri and leaf hydrolate of C. argyrophylloides presented 100% mortality against larvae. The compounds present in C. zenhtneri and C. nepetaefolius are oxygenated phenylpropanoids that are more soluble in water than the monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes detected in the oils of C. argyrophylloides and C. sonderianus. This study showed that all species analyzed presented compounds with larvicidal properties, with differences between each plant parts.

Development of hybrid solar distillation system for essential oil extraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arslan Afzal ◽  
Anjum Munir ◽  
Abdul Ghafoor ◽  
Jorge L. Alvarado
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Distillation System

Mathematical Modeling of Essential Oil Extraction by Steam Distillation for Native Plants from Southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 839-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubem M.F. Vargas ◽  
Aline M. Lucas ◽  
Máurean S.T. Barroso ◽  
Débora V. Dutra ◽  
Marília V. Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Southern Brazil

scholarly journals Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Essential Oil from Eucalyptus: Study of the Effects of Operating Conditions

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Saoud ◽  
R.M. Yunus ◽  
R.A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Microwave Exposure ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Eucalyptus Globules

Classical extraction of essential oil such as Soxhlet and steam distillation is still a formidable and time-solvent consuming. Microwave assisted process (MAP) is used to accelerate the extraction process of target compounds. It can be used for the extraction of compounds from various plants and animal tissues, or the extraction of undesirable components from raw materials. The investigation of microwave extraction of eucalyptus (globules ) essential oil using ethanol as solvent was carried out. The influence of material (eucalyptus)/solvent (ethanol) ratio, required doses of microwave, and time of microwave exposure on extraction efficiency, was studied. 

Mathematical modeling for extraction of essential oil from Baccharis spp. by steam distillation

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Xavier ◽  
R.M.F. Vargas ◽  
E. Cassel ◽  
A.M. Lucas ◽  
M.A. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation

scholarly journals Study of the Energetic, Exergetic, and Thermal Balances of a Solar System in comparison with a Conventional System during the Distillation of Rosemary Leaves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Ezzarrouqy ◽  
Abdessamed Hejjaj ◽  
Ali Idlimam ◽  
Fatima Ait Nouh ◽  
Laila Mandi
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Steam Line ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Optical Losses ◽  
Solar Distillation ◽  
Distillation System ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
Intensity Radiation

Abstract The solar energy produced by Scheffler parabola (10 m2), is not fully exploited by solar distillation system of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants. In this work, the optical losses in the primary and secondary reflectors, and the thermal losses at each part of this system (distillation still, steam line, condenser) were determined. A thermal energetic and exergetic analysis was also performed for a solar system distillation of rosemary leaves. For average intensity radiation of 849.1W/m2 and 6 Kg of rosemary leaves during 4 hours of distillation, exergy and optical efficiencies of the system achieved up to 26.62% and 50.97%, respectively. The thermal efficiency of the still, steam line and condenser is about 94.80%, 93.08%, and 87.76%, respectively. Total efficiency of the solar distillation system, taking into account the heat losses in the still, steam line, and condenser, as well as the optical losses in the two reflectors, is 39.49%. The efficiency can be as high as 42.42% and if the steam line is insulated. Moreover, the comparison between the Solar Steam Distillation and Conventional Steam Distillation shows that solar distillation is much more efficient since it gives better results, and especially it avoids emission of 12.10 kg of CO2 during extraction.

Anti-Neuropathic Pain Activity of Ageratum conyzoides L due to The Essential Oil Components

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yedy Purwandi Sukmawan ◽  
Kusnandar Anggadiredja ◽  
I Ketut Adnyana
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Opioid Receptor ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Chronic Constriction Injury ◽  
Thermal Hyperalgesia ◽  
Ageratum Conyzoides ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Oil Components

Background: Neuropathic pain is one of the contributors to the global burdens of illness. At present many patients do not achieve satisfactory pain relief even with synthetic pain-killers. Taking this into consideration, it is necessary to search for natural product-derived alternative treatment with confirmed safety and efficacy. Ageratum conyzoides L is a plant often used as analgesic in Indonesia, however, anti-neuropathic pain activity of this plant is still unknown. Objective: To determine the anti-neuropathic pain activity of the essential oil and non-essential oil component (distillation residue) of A. conyzoides L. Methods: We conducted separation of the essential oil component from other secondary metabolites through steam distillation. Both components were tested for anti-neuropathic pain activity using chronic constriction injury animal models with thermal hyperalgesia and allodynia tests. The animals were divided into 7 test groups namely normal, sham, negative, positive (pregabalin at 0.195 mg/20 g BW of mice), essential oil component (100 mg/kg BW), and non-essential oil component (100 mg/kg BW). Naloxone was tested against the most potent anti-neuropathic pain component (essential oil or nonessential oil) to investigate the involvement of opioid receptor. Results: The GC-MS of the essential oil component indicated the presence of 60 compounds. Meanwhile, non-essential oil components contained alkaloid, flavonoid, polyphenol, quinone, steroid, and triterpenoid. This non-essential oil component contained a total flavonoid equivalent to 248.89 ppm quercetin. The anti-neuropathic pain activity test showed significantly higher activity of the essential oil component compared to the non-essential oil component and negative groups (p<0.05). Furthermore, the essential oil component showed equal activity to pregabalin (p>0.05). However, this activity was abolished by naloxone, indicating the involvement of opioid receptor in the action of the essential oil component. Conclusion: The essential oil component of A. conyzoides L is a potential novel substance for use as anti-neuropathic pain.

Comparison of Procedures for Isolation of Monoterpene Hydrocarbons from Fresh Needles of Picea abies and Picea omorica

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie Holubová ◽  
Iva Chvílíčková ◽  
Vlastimil Kubáň
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Monoterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
And Storage

Extraction procedures (steam distillation, supercritical fluid extraction and solvent extraction) for isolation of monoterpene hydrocarbons from fresh needles of Picea abies and Picea omorica were optimised. The procedures were compared with the aim of minimizing consumption of needles and improving the extraction efficiency and repeatability. An influence of homogenisation procedures and storage conditions (liquid nitrogen, -18 and 4 °C) on the total content and composition of essential oils was studied. Cryogenic grinding (liquid nitrogen) combined with the extraction with cold hexane (extraction time 2 h) and subsequent GC-MS determination in freshly homogenised needles gives the best results (1.5-4 times better extraction efficiency, RSD < 10% for P. abies and < 25% for P. omorica). Limits of detections (3 S/N) for individual monoterpene hydrocarbons from units to tens of ng/g and recoveries 97.2-101.4% were found in fresh needles (calculated to fresh weight). While cooling to 4 °C is unacceptable, freezing at -18 °C for the period of 18 days in the dark gives also good results.

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