Effects of mustard husk, wheat straw and flaxseed residue blending on combustion behavior of high ash coal and petroleum coke blends

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Pritam Kumar ◽  
Barun Kumar Nandi
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Combustion Behavior ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This present work reports the combustion studies of coal, petroleum coke (PC) and biomass blends to assess the effects of the mustard husk (MH), wheat straw (WS) and flaxseed residue (FR) blending towards improvement of coal combustion characteristics. Ignition temperature (TS), maximum temperature (TP), burnout temperature (TC), activation energy (AE) and thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔG and ΔS) were analyzed to evaluate the impact of biomass and PC blending on coal combustion. Experimental results indicate that coal and PC have inferior combustion characteristics compared to MH, WS and FR. With the increase in WS content in blends from 10 to 30%, TS reduced from 371 to 258OC, TP decreased from 487 to 481OC, inferring substantial enhancements in combustion properties. Kinetic analysis inferred that blended fuel combustion could be explained mostly using reaction models, followed by diffusion-controlled and contracting sphere models. Overall, with the increase in FR mass in blends from 10 to 30%, AE decreased from 108.97 kJ/mol to 70.15 kJ/mol signifying ease of combustion. Analysis of synergistic effects infers that higher biomass addition improves coal and PC blends' combustion behavior through catalytic effects of alkali mineral matters present in biomass. Calculation of thermodynamic parameters signified that combustion of coal and PC is challenging than biomasses, however, blending of biomass makes the combustion process easier.

Oxygen-Enriched Combustion Characteristics of Solid Fuel - The Lignite

2016 ◽  
Vol 693 ◽  
pp. 594-596
Author(s):  
X.Y. Chen ◽  
Yong Feng Zhang ◽  
Q.C. Zhang ◽  
Q. Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Rate ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
Combustion Behavior ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Combustion Tests ◽  
Application Scope

Oxygen-enriched Combustion behavior of indigenous lignite was investigated by using thermo gravimetric analyzer (TG). Combustion tests were carried out in six different atmospheres. The experiment results showed the oxygen–enriched atmosphere can improve the combustion rate of the lignite and expand the application scope of the lignite. Determine the Combustibility index to reveal the oxygen-enriched combustion process in detail.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the combustion characteristics of isolated droplets of Jet A blended with ethanol and butanol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Ballester ◽  
Álvaro Muelas ◽  
Pilar Remacha
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Alcohol Mixtures ◽  
Free Falling ◽  
Scarce Data

In light of the potential of ethanol and butanol as alternative fuels for blending with conventional kerosene in gasturbine engines, experimental data regarding the burning characteristics of these blends are required in order tobetter understand their combustion process. In this study, free-falling droplets of Jet A, ethanol, butanol and theirmixtures (20% alcohol in Jet A by volume) were examined in a combustion chamber which providesrepresentative conditions of real flames, both in terms of temperature and oxygen availability. Results show thatthe evolution of droplet diameter for Jet A and its blends with both alcohols are very similar, regardless of theobvious compositional differences. On the other hand, sooting behaviors are found to be quite different, with aclear reduction in the sooting propensity of the Jet A/alcohol mixtures when compared to neat kerosene. Theseresults are consistent with previous studies in gas turbines, suggesting that such blends are viable alternativefuels with similar combustion characteristics to Jet A, but with much less propensity to produce soot. Moreover,this study provides new results on the combustion properties of Jet A/ethanol and Jet A/butanol mixtures, forwhich very scarce data exist in the open literature.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4990

INFRARED EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE EFFECTS OF DIRECT WATER INJECTION IN AN OPTICAL ENGINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Amer Farhat ◽  
Taewon Kim ◽  
Ming-Chia Lai ◽  
Marcis Jansons ◽  
Xin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Direct Water Injection

Abstract The effects of water injection on combustion characteristics were investigated in an optically-accessible light-duty engine retrofitted with a side-mounted water injector. The main objective was to study the effect of water injection on autoignition and subsequent combustion process in compression ignition engines. Numerical zero-dimensional simulations were first performed to separate the thermal from the kinetic effects of water on the ignition delay and maximum temperature reached by a reacting mixture. Then, experimental investigations were performed at different intake temperatures and levels of thermal stratification achieved via direct water injection. Combustion analysis was performed on cylinder pressure data to study the effect of water injection on the overall combustion process. Infrared imaging was performed to provide insight to how water injection and the resulting water distributions affect thermal stratification, autoignition, and combustion characteristics. A new method in quantifying the water distributions is suggested. The results show that the overall level of stratification is sensitive to water injection timing and pressure, where increased water injection pressures and advanced injection timings result in more homogenous distributions. Moreover, water injection was found to affect the location of ignition kernels and the local presence of water suppressed ignition. The level of water stratification was also observed to affect the combustion process, where more homogenous distributions lost their ability to influence ignition locations. Finally, the infrared images showed high levels of residual water left over from prior water-injected cycles, suggesting that hardware configurations and injection strategies must be optimized to avoid wall wetting for stable engine operation.

scholarly journals A Review on Combustion Characteristics of Ammonia as a Carbon-Free Fuel

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Shini Lai ◽  
Danan Chen ◽  
Rongjun Wu ◽  
Noriyuki Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Burning Velocity ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Laminar Burning Velocity ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
And Storage

A comprehensive review of combustion characteristics of ammonia (NH3) as a carbon free fuel is presented. NH3 is an attractive alternative fuel candidate to reduce the consumption of fossil fuel and the emission of CO2, soot, and hydrocarbon pollutants, due to its comparable combustion properties, productivities from renewable sources, and storage and transportation by current commercial infrastructure. However, the combustion properties of NH3 are quite different from conventional hydrocarbon fuels, which highlight the specific difficulties during the application of NH3. Therefore, this paper presents comparative experimental and numerical studies of the application of NH3 as a fuel during combustion process, including the combustion properties of laminar burning velocity, flame structures, pollutant emissions for the application of NH3 as a carbon free fuel. This paper presents the burning velocity and pollutant emissions of NH3 alone and mixtures with other fuels to improve the combustion properties. The aim of this paper is to review and describe the suitability of NH3 as a fuel, including the combustion and emission characteristics of NH3 during its combustion process.

Numerical Investigation of Char Reactivity in Oxy-Coal Combustion in Carbon Capture and Sequestration Technologies

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gharebaghi ◽  
B. Goh ◽  
J. M. Jones ◽  
L. Ma ◽  
M. Pourkashanian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Fluid Dynamic ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Cfd Modeling ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Char Reactivity ◽  
The Impact

Oxy-coal combustion with CO2 capture from flue gas is an emerging technology that can be adapted to both new and existing coal-fired power stations leading to substantial reduction in carbon emission from the power generation industry. However, switching to oxy-coal brings a number of uncertainties to the combustion process and there is a significant knowledge gap in this new technology. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) studies can be used as one of the tool to identify the extent of the modifications required due to changes in the process. One of the possible challenges is related to the the changes in char combustion and char reactivity which may have an impact on unburned carbon in the furnace. In this study, two approaches have been undertaken to investigate the impact of oxy-coal combustion on char reactivity: simple equilibrium calculations and numerical 3-D simulations. As the focus of this study, the influence of CO2-O2 combustion environment on char reactivity and particularly carbon in ash has been investigated. It has been found that the effect of C-CO2 and C-H2O reactions on overall char reactivity cannot be disregarded. In addition, in this study, it is suggested that using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism can provide a more accurate prediction for the effect of gasification reactions on unburnt carbon and char reactivity. The accuracy of the CFD modeling has been investigated using experimental data from a one MWth combustion test facility. In order to improve the validity of the CFD code for design purposes, further modeling improvements for accurate predictions are addressed.

Infrared Experimental Investigations on the Effects of Direct Water Injection in an Optical Engine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amer Farhat ◽  
Taewon Kim ◽  
Ming-Chia Lai ◽  
Marcis Jansons ◽  
Xin Yu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stratification ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Residual Water ◽  
Effect Of Water ◽  
Direct Water Injection

Abstract The effects of water injection on combustion characteristics were investigated in an optically-accessible light-duty engine retrofitted with a side-mounted water injector. The main objective was to study the effect of water injection on autoignition and subsequent combustion process in compression ignition engines. Numerical zero-dimensional simulations were first performed to separate the thermal from the kinetic effects of water on the ignition delay and maximum temperature reached by a reacting mixture. Then, experimental investigations were performed at different intake temperatures and levels of thermal stratification achieved via direct water injection. Combustion analysis was performed on cylinder pressure data to study the effect of water injection on the overall combustion process. Infrared imaging was performed to provide insight to how water injection and the resulting water distributions affect thermal stratification, autoignition, and combustion characteristics. A new method in quantifying the water distributions is suggested. The results show that the overall level of stratification is sensitive to water injection timing and pressure, where increased water injection pressures and advanced injection timings result in more homogenous distributions. Moreover, water injection was found to affect the location of ignition kernels and the local presence of water suppressed ignition. The level of water stratification was also observed to affect the combustion process, where more homogenous distributions lost their ability to influence ignition locations. Finally, the infrared images showed high levels of residual water left over from prior water-injected cycles, suggesting that hardware configurations and injection strategies must be optimized to avoid wall wetting for stable engine operation.

Experimental Investigation of Combustion Behavior of Biodiesel-Water Emulsion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurjap Singh ◽  
Nicholas Hentges ◽  
Damion Johnson ◽  
Albert Ratner
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Economy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
The United States ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Compression Ignition Engine ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Combustion Behavior ◽  
Combustion Properties

Abstract Biodiesel has proved to be an attractive alternative fuel for the compression-ignition engine, with its blends of regular petrodiesel being sold at virtually every gas station in the United States. Researchers have explored many of its combustion properties and sought to modify them in the interest of better fuel economy, specific fuel combustion, and lower emissions. The emulsification of biodiesel with water in order to promote microexplosions during the combustion process is one such fuel modification method. Microexplosions fragment the fuel droplet into many smaller droplets, which promote homogeneous combustion, and can result in smoother power output and better fuel economy. Present research analyzes the droplet combustion properties of soy biodiesel with 10% water and 0.1% POLYOX™ polymer. A sub-millimeter droplet is suspended on three 16μm silicon carbide wires and ignited using hot wire loops. The combustion process is recorded at 1000 frames/second by a high-speed CCD camera. Combustion behavior of the emulsified fuel is then analyzed by post-processing the resulting high-speed images. Results show several microexplosion events. Combustion trends are plotted, and combustion rates are determined. Burning rate for the emulsion was found to be very close to that of base fuel, with 2.1% decrease noted. It is hoped that present research will spark further interest in the fuel behavior modification of biodiesel.

Co-Combustion Characteristics of Semi-Coke and Coal Under Air Condition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengqian Wang ◽  
Chang'an Wang ◽  
Zichen Tao ◽  
Maobo Yuan ◽  
Yongbo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Coke Coal ◽  
Interaction Coefficient ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Linear Superposition ◽  
Combustion Behavior ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Blended Fuels ◽  
Relative Root

In this work, the combustion characteristics of semi-coke, coal, and their blends under air conditions were studied. The influence of blending ratio on the combustion characteristics of blended fuels were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. It was found that the co-combustion of semi-coke and bituminous coal was a complicated process rather than a simple linear superposition, with interaction effect occurring in the co-combustion process. The synergy occurred in the whole combustion process and it was analyzed quantitatively by comparing the interaction coefficient f and the relative root mean square error RMS. The combustion of semi-coke and the blends can be divided to three stages, as well as two stages of coal. In addition, the blends show better combustion behavior with enhancing bituminous coal proportion, and bituminous coal can improve the combustion behavior of semi-coke.

Combustion Behavior of Jet A Droplets and its Blends With Butanol

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Muelas ◽  
Pilar Remacha ◽  
Adrián Martínez ◽  
Javier Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Droplet Diameter ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Droplet Sizes ◽  
Burning Rates ◽  
Petroleum Fuels ◽  
Scarce Data

In light of the potential of butanol as an alternative fuel for blending with petroleum fuels such as gasoline, diesel or Jet A, experimental data regarding the burning characteristics of these blends are required in order to better understand their combustion process. In this study, freely-falling droplets of butanol, Jet A, and their mixtures (10, 20 and 50% butanol by volume) were examined in a combustion chamber which provides representative conditions of real flames, both in terms of temperature and oxygen availability. The combustion characteristics reported here include evolution of droplet sizes, burning rates, soot measurements, and the occurrence of microexplosions and soot shells. Results show that the evolution of droplet diameter for butanol, Jet A and their blends are very similar, regardless of the obvious compositional differences. Sooting behaviors are found to be quite different, with a clear reduction in the sooting propensity as the butanol content in the fuel increases. These results are consistent with a previous study in a gas turbine showing similar performance among Jet A and its blends with butanol, suggesting that such mixtures are promising alternative fuels with very similar combustion characteristics to Jet A, but with much less propensity to soot. Moreover, this study provides new results on the combustion properties of Jet A/butanol blends, for which very scarce data exist in the open literature.

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