The Volvo-Turbo Experimental Gas Turbine

1962 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. O. Kronogard
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Reduction Gear ◽  
Working Cycle ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Relative Arrangement ◽  
Selection Of

This paper gives a brief description of the Volvo experimental turbine, its working cycle, its basic components and their relative arrangement as well as some of the basic thinking behind the selection of the same. The paper also gives a short description of the new concept of a dual-geared power turbine, the combined reduction gear and high-speed hydrodynamic retarder, as well as some other new features incorporated.

scholarly journals An Empirical Approach to the Preliminary Design of a Closed Cycle Gas Turbine

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. op het Veld ◽  
J. P. van Buijtenen
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Preliminary Design ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Helium Gas ◽  
Source State ◽  
High Temperature Reactor ◽  
The Cost

This paper investigates the layout and achievable efficiencies of rotating components of a Helium gas turbine. This is done by making a preliminary design of the compressor and turbine needed for the power conversion in a combined heat and power plant with a 40 MWth nuclear high temperature reactor as a heat source. State of the art efficiency values of air breathing gas turbines are used for the first calculations. The efficiency level is corrected by comparing various dimensionless data of the Helium turbomachine with an air gas turbine of similar dimensions. A single shaft configuration with a high speed axial turbine will give highest performance and simple construction. If a generator has to be driven at a conventional speed, a free power turbine configuration must be chosen. The choice of the configuration depends among others on the cost and availability of the asynchrone generator and frequency convertor.

Marine Operation of Gas Turbine Engines and Waterjet Pumps for Small Passenger Vessels

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Kowleski ◽  
C. D. Harrington
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
High Speed ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Golden Gate ◽  
Operational Problem ◽  
Golden Gate Bridge ◽  
Selection Of

This paper describes the planning, developmental, equipment selection and operational problem phases of the high-speed ferry system presently being operated on San Francisco Bay by the Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District. The reasons for the selection of the vessel propulsion package consisting of gas turbine engines and waterjet pumps are discussed in some detail. Most importantly, the paper covers the problems experienced to date with this equipment in continuous marine operation.

Case Study: CODAG Power Plant for a Pleasure Boat: Theory - Project - Results

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Venturini ◽  
Giovanni Venturini
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Reduction Gear ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Shaft Line ◽  
Design Function

The gas turbine engine first went to sea in 1953 when the British Shipbuilding Company VOSPERS was selected to experiment with the gas turbine as a form of marine propulsion. The former Steam Gun Boat (SGB) HMS Grey Goose was rebuilt by the shipyard with the surprisingly sophisticated Rolls-Royce RM60 engine. Today, for any vessel project whose design function makes its speed or volume critical, the gas turbine has become a strong candidate for selection as a prime mover, due to its inherent power density and low weight. For marine use, the gas turbine is equipped with a power turbine in order to convert the energy in the exhaust gases into rotational energy. This energy is applied, via a shaft line, to a suitable propulsion system either by a direct mechanical drive system or by the intermediary of an electrical system: this is the case of yachts and mega yachts characterized by high speed performances. The case study concerns the motor yacht “OCI CIORNIE”, built by the shipyard PALMER JOHNSON in 1999 and powered with a CODAG (Combined Diesel and Gas) type propulsion plant made up of two diesel engines coupled to waterjets, via a reduction gear and by a gas turbine TF40, driving a surface piercing propeller (SPP) with Arneson transmission, via a reduction gearbox. According to expectations of the designer the top speed with the CODAG configuration was to be more than 55 knots while the speed with the only diesel engines running would be around 25 knots, but enough to reach the take off speed anyway. Instead, because of weight increase during the construction, the current maximum speed with the diesel propulsion is only 14÷16 knots, depending of the displacement and the sea condition, while the CODAG propulsion top speed is around 50÷52 knots. The paper will analyze the main steps of the development of the OCI CIORNIE project and will compare the performances of the planning stage with the final operating conditions of the yacht. Besides, the paper will consider, for the current displacement reached, the optimum distribution between the power of the diesel engines and the power of the gas turbine in order to obtain, for different speeds, the maximum range, the minimum wear and tear of the machines and, as a consequence, the minimum operating expenses, respecting the restrictions of the maximum torque on the gas turbine and on the diesel engines.

scholarly journals An investigation into the balancing of high speed, flexible shafts by external application of compensating balancing sleeves

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110084
Author(s):  
Grahame Knowles ◽  
Chris Bingham ◽  
Ron Bickerton
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dynamic Balancing ◽  
External Application ◽  
Tip Leakage ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Shaft Deflection ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

The paper investigates the use of compensating balancing sleeves positioned at the shaft’s end for the balancing of high-speed flexible shafts. The balancing sleeve is a new arrangement that creates a pure balancing moment with virtually zero radial reaction forces. For comparison purposes, experimental results from previous research are used to benchmark performance and to demonstrate the benefits newly proposed topology. The new configuration is commensurate with what is required for the Power Turbine (PT) shaft of a twin shaft industrial gas turbine, with an overhung disc. The study is also aimed at bladed shafts, such as those used in high speed gas turbines/compressors, with a view to improving their volumetric efficiency by reducing the formation of relatively large tip leakage gaps caused by shaft deflection/blade wear of abradable seals. It is shown to be practically possible to separate the two main dynamic balancing functions i.e. the control of bearing reaction loads and shaft deflections, thus allowing for their independent adjustment. This enables the required balancing sleeve moment to be determined and set during low-speed commissioning i.e. before any excessive shaft deflection and resulting seal wear occurs, as is typical when final balancing is undertaken at full operational speed.

scholarly journals The Differential Gas Turbine Using Electric Transmission

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. C. Balnes ◽  
N. Bressloff
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Electrical Transmission ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Power Outputs

This paper describes studies of simple gas turbine engines integrated with electrical transmission components. Recent developments in high-speed lightweight electrical machines and compact power electronics have enabled alternators and motors to be produced which can be coupled directly to the shaft of a gas turbine without an intermediate gearbox. For applications which require a wide range of power outputs, a single-shaft gas turbine with a high speed alternator can be run at constant speed while varying the current drawn from the alternator. This combines the flexibility of operation of a separate power turbine with the simplicity of a single-shaft engine. With this arrangement, in traction use high torques are obtained at low speed, while near-constant engine efficiency is sustained to about 50% of the design power. In the differential engine, the mechanical linkage between the compressor and the turbine is replaced with an electrical linkage. The turbine drives an alternator, and part of the alternator power is taken by a high-speed motor to drive the compressor. The excess alternator power forms the output of the engine. The compressor and turbine are now able to run at different speeds, and their operating points can be separately optimised at different engine conditions. For such an engine, studies show that high efficiency can be maintained to low power levels.

Power Turbine Dynamics: An Evaluation of a Shear-Mounted Elastomeric Damper

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Zorzi ◽  
J. Walton ◽  
R. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Roller Bearing ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Squeeze Film ◽  
Axial Thrust ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Damper Design

The safe and reliable operation of high-speed rotating machinery often requires the use of devices that dissipate undesirable rotor vibrations. As an alternative to the more conventional squeeze-film bearing damper designs, a Viton-70 shear-mounted, elastomeric damper was built and tested in a T-55 power turbine high-speed balancing rig. This application demonstrated, for the first time, the feasibility of using elastomers as the primary rotor damping source in production turbine engine hardware. The shear-mounted damper design was selected because of its compatibility with actual gas turbine engine radial space constraints, its accommodation of both the radial and axial thrust loads present in gas turbine engines, and its capability of controlled axial preload. The shear-mounted damper was interchangeable with the production T-55 power turbine roller bearing support so that a direct comparison between the shear damper and the production support structure could be made. Test results showed that the Viton-70 elastomeric damper operated successfully and provided excellent control of both synchronous and nonsynchronous vibrations through all phases of testing to the maximum rotor speed of 1676 rad/s (16,000 rpm). Excellent correlation between the predicted and experienced critical speeds, mode shapes, and log decrements for the power turbine rotor and elastomer damper assembly was also achieved.

The Development and Testing of the MFT8 Gas Turbine

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Akagi ◽  
K. Uematsu ◽  
T. Yashlki ◽  
J. Horner ◽  
K. Krivichi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
New Product ◽  
Simulation Approach ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Design Philosophy ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Power Testing

The MFT8 rated at 33,000 ps has been developed by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) in support of the Techno SuperLiner (TSL) R&D program. The MFT8 combines the GG8 Gas Generator from Pratt & Whitney/Turbo Power & Marine with a new 3 stage, 5000 RPM, cantilevered rotor power turbine which was designed by MHI specifically for the TSL program and other high speed marine craft applications. This paper illustrates the versatility that an independent, two shaft gas generator offers in developing a new product for a specific application. The text describes the design philosophy, power turbine and controls simulation approach followed by the presentation of the model and power testing results as compared to the predicted parameters.

scholarly journals Simulation of Transient Load Behaviour of Gas Turbines in High Speed Marine Applications

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice F. White
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Transient Behaviour ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Marine Applications

This paper describes a model simulation of the transient behaviour of a twin spool gas turbine which could be used to drive a water jet propulsion system in a high speed vessel. The transient loading is considered to be due to torque variations that can occur due to the effect of air entrainment in the propulsor in a heavy sea. For the simulation, measured shaft torque from a diesel engined vessel operating in waves of height 2.0–2.5 meters were scaled to fit with the design output power of the studied gas turbine. This transient variation of torque was applied to the power turbine shaft in the mathematical model. The objective was to study the behaviour and thermal loading on the turbine under such conditions. Results from simulating the influence of heavy sea conditions show that very large shaft power drops can occur due to wave loading, and that for short periods of time higher gas temperatures can occur than the corresponding steady state values. In conclusion, this type of operation may increase the risk of damage due to cyclic variation of load and temperature, and lead to shorter component lifetimes compared with expected design values.

PGT25+G4 Gas Turbine Development, Validation and Operating Experience

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger De Meo ◽  
Michele D’Ercole ◽  
Alessandro Russo ◽  
Francesco Gamberi ◽  
Francesco Gravame ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Test Program ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
Extensive Test

The PGT25+G4 gas turbine, latest in GE Infrastructure Oil&Gas PGT25 two-shaft aeroderivative family, is a 34 MW-class gas turbine for mechanical drive and power generation applications and maintains the same efficiency and availability of the previous PGT25+. The PGT25+G4 was validated through an extensive test program, which included some key test-rigs such as the full-scale LM2500+G4 Gas Generator test and other component tests, in advance of the First Engine to Test (FETT). The FETT included an equivalent-to-production configuration package (gas turbine, auxiliaries and control system), ran in a dedicated area in GE Oil&Gas Test Facilities to validate the machine for both mechanical drive and power generation applications. All critical-to-quality parameters of the HSPT (High Speed Power Turbine) were investigated, such as turbine gas path components temperatures and stresses, PT performances and PT operability when coupled with the LM2500+G4 Gas Generator. First production unit is currently in operation at Alliance Pipeline Canada Windfall 1 Compression Station. This paper describes the gas turbine main features, how the test program was built and discusses FETT results. Moreover, gas turbine field operation experience and lessons learned are presented.

scholarly journals Management of High Speed Machinery Signatures to Meet Stealth Requirement in the Royal Swedish Navy Visby Class Corvette (YS 2000)

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Liwång ◽  
Lars Pejlert ◽  
Steve Miller ◽  
Jan-Erik Gustavsson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Reduction Gear ◽  
Exhaust Pipe ◽  
Sandwich Construction ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Delay Detection

Over the years, the word stealth has been used more and more when discussing design and operational characteristics in military applications. New and more challenging techniques are constantly being applied to minimize signatures and thus hinder or delay detection and identification. The Visby Class Corvette is a multipurpose combat ship with 600 tons displacement. The hull is a sandwich construction of a PVC core with carbon fiber/vinyl laminate. The propulsion system consists of two identical CODOG machinery systems, each driving a KaMeWa 125 size Water Jet Unit. The Ship has special requirements for all signatures, i.e. Radar-, Hydro acoustics-, IR- and Magnetic Signature. The High Speed Machinery is twin Honeywell TF50A Gas Turbines, cantilever mounted side by side on the Main Reduction Gearbox housing. The Main Reduction Gearbox is a dual input high performance marine Gearbox designated MA - 107 SBS, designed and manufactured by Cincinnati Gear Co. The Low Speed Machinery is a MTU 16 V 2000 TE90 Diesel Engine connected to the MRG by a power take in shaft. Combustion Air for the Gas Turbines is ducted from the shipside Air Inlet Screen (radar screen) via 3-stage separating filters. The Exhausts from the twin Gas Turbines are combined into one Exhaust Pipe and ducted to the ship transom above the Water Jet stream. Very little can be changed in the Gas Turbine, but high quality such as well balanced rotating part contributes to reduce the signatures. However, the main work has to be accomplished by the building shipyard in cooperation with the Gas Turbine manufacturer. The Main Reduction Gearbox is more available for changes to reduce signatures, but even for the Gearbox the building shipyard has to take design and installation measures. The HSM installation consist mainly of the Gas Turbine Engine, the Main Reduction Gear, Water Jets Unit and surrounding equipment such as main shaft, bearings and so on. The emphasis in this paper is on the GT, MRG and their effect on some of the more well known signatures i.e. RCS, IR, Hydro acoustics and Magnetic. Also some design measures are discussed.

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