scholarly journals Problems and Operating Experiences With Gas Turbines Burning Residual and Crude Oils

1978 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Felix
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

This paper presents the most important problems which have to be expected when burning residuals and crudes in industrial gas turbines. Solutions for these problems are always influencing the operating costs of the powerplant. Careful economical studies should, therefore, be conducted before one or another fuel is selected. Finally, operating experiences with 14 BBC gas turbines located in Riyadh (Kingdom of Saudiarabia) burning local Khurais crude oil with turbine inlet temperatures of 650 to 850 C are presented.

scholarly journals A Gas Turbine Maintenance Information System for the Saudi Arabian East-West Crude Oil Pipeline

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Temple ◽  
F. L. Foltz ◽  
H. R. Jamalallail
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Maximum Throughput ◽  
Prognostic System ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Availability Constraints ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
East West

The 747-mile East-West Crude Oil Pipeline across Saudi Arabia employs 60 gas turbines for pumping and power generation. Mainline pump drives are three United Technologies Corporation FT4A-9 modular industrial gas turbines at each of 11 pumping stations. Two of the three mainline gas turbines are required for maximum throughput, while the third is an operational spare. High reliability and availability constraints and the remote unmanned station concept underscore the need for a modern maintenance information system. This paper describes an independent multiple-fault diagnostic/prognostic system, employing a patented gas path analysis technique.

Creole’s 50 Industrial Gas Turbines in Repressuring Service

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Sanborn
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Natural Flow ◽  
Ample Supply ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

This paper describes the application of gas turbines to crude-oil production in a Venezuelan underwater reservoir. Decreasing pressure caused a gradual slowing down of the natural flow, and Creole Corporation was faced with the problem of either artificial lifting of the crude or curtailment of operations with several years of ample supply remaining untapped. This challenge was met successfully through repressurization of the wells by gas turbines. The design of these turbine facilities, their operation, and some of the problems involved are described. The author summarizes with a review of the performance of the gas turbines at their various locations.

Inspection, Maintenance and Field Repair of Heavy Duty Industrial Gas Turbines

1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hartmann ◽  
R. Robben ◽  
P. Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Overhead Crane ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
Inspection And Maintenance ◽  
Inner Parts

The expenditures for inspection and maintenance of gas turbines are an important part of the total owning and operating costs. Maintenance outage time should be kept to a minimum. A proper design with adequate ports facilitates visual and boroscope inspection of critical areas. Maintenance outage time can be considerably reduced by special equipment which allows inspection and replacement of bearings and combustor inner parts and balancing of rotors without major disassembly of the unit. The advantages of an indoor installation with overhead crane with respect to maintenance are also discussed in this paper.

Requirements for Gas Turbine Inlet Systems in Russia

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tagir R. Nigmatulin ◽  
Vladimir E. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Inlet System ◽  
Climate Zones ◽  
Russian Market ◽  
Turbine Inlet ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Russian power generation, oil and gas businesses are rapidly growing. Installation of new industrial gas turbines is booming to fulfill the demand from economic growth. Russia is a unique country from the annual temperature variation point of view. Some regions may reach up to 100C. One of the biggest challenges for world producers of gas turbines in Russia is the ability to operate products at power plants during cold winters, when ambient temperature might be −60C for a couple of weeks in a row. The reliability and availability of the equipment during the cold season is very critical. Design of inlet systems and filter houses for the Russian market, specifically for northern regions, has a lot of specifics and engineering challenges. Joint Stock Company CKTI is the biggest Russian supplier of air intake systems for industrial gas turbines and axial-flow compressors. In 1969 this enterprise designed and installed the first inlet for the power plant Dagskaya GRES (State Regional Electric Power Plant) with the first 100MW gas-turbine which was designed and manufactured by LMZ. Since the late 1960s CKTI has designed and manufactured inlet systems for the world market and been the main supplier for the Russian market. During the last two years CKTI has designed inlet systems for a broad variety of gas turbine engines ranging from 24MW up to 110MW turbines which are used for power generation and as a mechanical drive for the oil and gas industry. CKTI inlet systems with filtering devices or houses are successfully used in different climate zones including the world’s coldest city Yakutsk and hot Nigeria. CKTI has established CTQs (Critical to quality) and requirements for industrial gas turbine inlet systems which will be installed in Russia in different climate zones for all types of energy installations. The last NPI project of the inlet system, including a nonstandard layout, was done for a small gas-turbine engine which is installed on a railway cart. This arrangement is designed to clean railway lines with the exhaust jet in a quarry during the winter. The design of the inlet system with efficient multistage compressor extraction for deicing, dust and snow resistance has an interesting solution. The detailed description of challenges, weather requirements, calculations, losses, and design methodologies to qualify the system for tough requirements, are described in the paper.

scholarly journals Reliable Operation of Gas Turbines on Crude Oil

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Maderni ◽  
S. Gabella
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Different Sources

The paper deals with design criteria and operating experience of Authors’ Company Gas Turbine Power Plants operating on crude oils from different sources. In particular a group of power stations located in Middle East is described, where crude oils from different fields are used. While two of the above power stations use basically the same crude oil, the other ones are fed by different fuel sources. Accordingly, different fuel handling and treatment plants have been selected, different problems have been encountered and different operating experiences have been accumulated. The positive operating results obtained confirm that reliable operation on crude oil requires each individual application be “tailor made” on the basis of the knowledge of the relevant fuels properties.

Evaluation and Application of Data Sources for Assessing Operating Costs for Mechanical Drive Gas Turbines in Pipeline Service

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Smalley ◽  
David A. Mauney ◽  
Daniel I. Ash ◽  
Sam L. Clowney ◽  
George P. Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Motor Drives ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Electric Motor Drives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reciprocating Engine ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Prime Movers

This paper evaluates and demonstrates how the public domain data provided by individual interstate pipeline companies to FERC, when combined with individual company equipment lists, can be used to regress industry information on cost of operations and maintenance, fuel gas used, and cost of fuel and power. The paper describes the methods of analysis and identifies their limitations. The paper presents results of such regression analysis as average and variance of cost and fuel usage for industrial gas turbines and aeroderivative gas turbines. It provides further comparisons between gas turbine prime movers, reciprocating engine prime movers, and electric motor drives, and presents annual costs per installed horsepower as a function of turbine size. The paper is based on work performed for PRC International and the Gas Research Institute. [S0742-4795(00)01003-6]

Investment Economics of Industrial Gas Turbines

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Doherty
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cash Flow ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Discounted Cash Flow ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

The application of industrial gas turbines generally requires more than a detailed energy system analysis. Usually the engineer must “prove-in” his project design to assure that it meets management’s criteria for profitability Several different economic evaluation methods have evolved and there is no one universally accepted practice. This paper illustrates a method of reducing a detailed engineering system design, such as an industrial energy system, to an economic evaluation. This includes developing the minimum investment base case and one or more alternatives which trade off higher first costs for lower operating costs, and then reducing all cases to cold cash — investment and operating costs. Next, three economic evaluation yardsticks are discussed: payout, discounted cash flow, and total owning and operating costs using fixed charges on investment. Advantages and disadvantages of each are pointed out. This includes a discussion of taxes, depreciation, investment tax credit, cash flow, and the time value of money. Finally, computer methods of discounted cash flow are illustrated including a problem with variable annual operating costs. This sets the stage for a “hands on” workshop session using a computer terminal following the presentation.

scholarly journals Application of Aero-Derivative Gas Turbines in the Onshore Oil Fields of Abu Dhabi

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Saadawi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Hostile Environment ◽  
Unique Challenge ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

For more than a decade, aircraft-derivative industrial gas turbines have been used in middle eastern oil fields for providing power to water injection and crude oil pumping installations. The remote desert locations and the hostile environment provide a unique challenge. This paper describes some of the experiences gained in operating aero-derivative gas turbines in the onshore oil fields of Abu Dhabi.

scholarly journals Evaluation and Application of Data Sources for Assessing Operating Costs for Mechanical Drive Gas Turbines in Pipeline Service

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Smalley ◽  
David A. Mauney ◽  
Daniel I. Ash ◽  
Sam L. Clowney ◽  
George P. Pappas
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Motor Drives ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Electric Motor Drives ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reciprocating Engine ◽  
Operations And Maintenance ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Prime Movers

This paper evaluates and demonstrates how the public domain data provided by individual interstate pipeline companies to FERC, when combined with individual company equipment lists, can be used to regress industry information on cost of operations and maintenance, fuel gas used, and cost of fuel and power. The paper describes the methods of analysts and identifies their limitations. The paper presents results of such regression analysis as average and variance of cost and fuel usage for industrial gas turbines and aeroderivative gas turbines. It provides further comparisons between gas turbine prime movers, reciprocating engine prime movers, and electric motor drives, and presents annual costs per installed horsepower as a function of turbine size. The paper is based on work performed for PRC International and the Gas Research Institute.

Study of the Effect of Crude Oils on the Metallic Corrosion

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Suresh Aluvihara ◽  
Jagath K Premachandra
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Ferrous Metal ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Ferrous Metals

Corrosion is a severe matter regarding the most of metal using industries such as the crude oil refining. The formation of the oxides, sulfides or hydroxides on the surface of metal due to the chemical reaction between metals and surrounding is the corrosion that  highly depended on the corrosive properties of crude oil as well as the chemical composition of ferrous metals since it was expected to investigate the effect of Murban and Das blend crude oils on the rate of corrosion of seven different ferrous metals which are used in the crude oil refining industry and investigate the change in hardness of metals. The sulfur content, acidity and salt content of each crude oil were determined. A series of similar pieces of seven different types of ferrous metals were immersed in each crude oil separately and their rates of corrosion were determined by using their relative weight loss after 15, 30 and 45 days. The corroded metal surfaces were observed under the microscope. The hardness of each metal piece was tested before the immersion in crude oil and after the corrosion with the aid of Vicker’s hardness tester. The metallic concentrations of each crude oil sample were tested using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The Das blend crude oil contained higher sulfur content and acidity than Murban crude oil. Carbon steel metal pieces showed the highest corrosion rates whereas the stainless steel metal pieces showed the least corrosion rates in both crude oils since that found significant Fe and Cu concentrations from some of crude oil samples. The mild steel and the Monel showed relatively intermediate corrosion rates compared to the other types of ferrous metal pieces in both crude oils. There was a slight decrease in the initial hardness of all the ferrous metal pieces due to corrosion.

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