The F109-GA-100 Engine Designed Specifically for Trainer Use

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans F. W. Maertins ◽  
Thomas W. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Power Management ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Effective Life ◽  
The U.S

The F109-GA-100 (F109) engine, originally developed by Garrett under contract to the U.S. Air Force, is a state-of-the-art powerplant designed specifically for trainer use. The engine has been designed and demonstrated to be fully aerobatic capable, without limitations throughout the training envelope. To minimize student pilot workload, the engine features a full-authority digital electronic fuel control with automatic start and restart, automatic overspeed-/temperature-limiting, simple power management with no restrictions in operation and automatic thrust trim. Maintenance features include extensive built-in test and data logging to support effective life management. Designed for an 18,000-hour life to a duty cycle with a mission severity comparable to that of a fighter, the F109 has demonstrated exceptional durability and high reliability. This durability — coupled with excellent fuel efficiency that rivals a turboprop — resulted in extremely low life-cycle-cost (LCC) as demonstrated in accelerated mission testing. This paper describes the design features of the F109 that establish this engine as a trendsetter for the 1990s and beyond.

Techno-Economic Optimal Design of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Systems for Micro-Combined Heat and Power Applications in the U.S.

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Chp System ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
System Designs ◽  
The U.S

A techno-economic optimization study investigating optimal design and operating strategies of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) micro-combined heat and power (CHP) systems for application in U.S. residential dwellings is carried out through modeling and simulation of various anode-supported planar SOFC-based system configurations. Five different SOFC system designs operating from either methane or hydrogen fuels are evaluated in terms of their energetic and economic performances and their overall suitability for meeting residential thermal-to-electric ratios. Life-cycle cost models are developed and employed to generate optimization objective functions, which are utilized to explore the sensitivity of the life-cycle costs to various system designs and economic parameters and to select optimal system configurations and operating parameters for eventual application in single-family, detached residential homes in the U.S. The study compares the results against a baseline SOFC-CHP system that employs primarily external steam reforming of methane. The results of the study indicate that system configurations and operating parameter selections that enable minimum life-cycle cost while achieving maximum CHP-system efficiency are possible. Life-cycle cost reductions of over 30% and CHP efficiency improvements of nearly 20% from the baseline system are detailed.

EAGLE/DTA: A Life Cycle Cost Model for Damage Tolerance Assessment

1983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Damage Tolerance ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Cost Model ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

The U.S. Air Force and Pratt & Whitney Aircraft are currently engaged in developing technology to minimize low-cycle fatigue maintenance requirements in future gas turbine engines. The Life Cycle Cost/Damage Tolerance Assessment (LCC/DTA) program is directed toward furthering technology development in two important areas that relate to the overall life cycle cost of advanced Air Force weapon systems: life cycle cost modeling and analysis, and damage tolerance design (DTD). A major goal of the LCC/DTA program is to establish hot-section disk design criteria specifying acceptable levels for life and maintenance actions based on minimum life cycle cost. This paper discusses the methodology developed to evaluate the weapon system LCC impact of designing to damage tolerance criteria.

The Fall of the Firefly: An Assessment of a Failed Project Strategy

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bud Baker
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Future Success ◽  
Commercial Off The Shelf ◽  
Project Strategy ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
The U.S

Choices made early in a project determine future success. Missteps in early phases will cause trouble later in the project's life cycle. The U.S. Air Force's acquisition of the T-3A “Firefly” trainer was just such a troubled project. Rather than develop a new aircraft, the Air Force decided to save time and money by buying a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) trainer. But significant aircraft modifications undermined the integrity of the COTS strategy. This paper suggests four project lessons: Any project must be managed as a system of interrelated parts; a project strategy must be flexible to accommodate changing circumstances; testing must be done in realistic environments; and concurrency carries with it benefits and dangers.

Life-Cycle Cost Analysis: State of the Practice Versus State of the Art

2004 ◽  
Vol 1864 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaan Ozbay ◽  
Dima Jawad ◽  
Neville A. Parker ◽  
Sajjad Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Comparative Assessment of Low-Level Radioactive Waste Life-Cycle Disposal Costs of U.S. Commercial Facilities

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Bentz ◽  
C. B. Bentz ◽  
T. D. O’Hora
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Radioactive Waste ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Radioactive Waste ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Total Life

Abstract This paper provides a comparative assessment of low-level radioactive waste (LLW) life-cycle costs for U.S. commercial disposal facilities. This assessment includes both currently operational facilities and planned commercial facilities. After identifying the individual facility’s operational period, current or planned capacity, and historical disposal volumes (where applicable), the paper describes the respective facilities’ waste acceptance criteria, anticipated waste characteristics, and disposal technologies employed. A brief identification of key components of cost categories that constitute life-cycle cost for the disposal facilities is provided, as well as an identification of factors that affect life-cycle cost. A more specific comparison of certain life-cycle cost components for the disposal facilities is provided, with regard to U.S. LLW disposal volumes and characteristics. Similarities and differences in total life-cycle cost and life-cycle category-specific costs among the U.S. facilities are presented and discussed. The data presented reveals that: • No new LLW commercial disposal facilities have been sited in the U.S. since 1988, and that siting of LLW disposal facilities in the U.S. has become increasingly difficult and contentious, necessitating long lead times and significant up-front costs — without any certainty of success. • Overall, life-cycle costs for LLW disposal at U.S. commercial facilities have increased significantly over time, reflecting increased regulatory compliance requirements, state-imposed access fees and taxes, local community hosting incentive costs, and cost escalation inherent in delays in establishing facilities or modifying existing licensed facilities. • Life-cycle costs are also significantly affected by the nature of the engineered isolation technology employed, reflecting the geologic characteristics of the siting location and the activity levels of the wastes accepted. • Since many of the newly-planned facilities anticipate receiving lower total volumes with an increasingly greater percentage of higher activity wastes (than historical volumes disposed) and are to be sited in more ecologically sensitive geologic regions, they will require more comprehensive — and hence more expensive — engineered isolation technologies. As a result, currently planned facilities are anticipated to experience significantly higher total life-cycle costs than existing operational facilities.

Economic Analysis of Pavement Preservation Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (12) ◽  
pp. 10-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Zuniga-Garcia ◽  
Wilfrido Martinez-Alonso ◽  
Andre de Fortier Smit ◽  
Feng Hong ◽  
Jorge A. Prozzi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Chip Seals ◽  
Cost Variability ◽  
Effective Life

This paper summarizes the research study conducted to develop and implement a methodological framework, using an economic analysis technique, to evaluate the cost effectiveness of the three different preventive maintenance treatments applied to roadways in Texas: chip seals, microsurfacing, and thin overlays. The analysis is based on a stochastic evaluation of the effective life and cost of more than 14,000 maintenance and rehabilitation projects undertaken from 1994 to 2015. The effect of traffic loads, traffic volume, and roadway type was also evaluated. The life-cycle cost of the preventive maintenance techniques was obtained using a Monte Carlo simulation. Among the principal results, it was found that chip seals are the most cost-effective treatment and present the lowest life-cycle cost variability. The effective life of all three treatments was found to be quite similar. Additionally, it was found that the chip seals and microsurfacing tend to present comparable life-cycle costs when used on heavy traffic roadways.

Continued Enhancement of SGT-600 Gas Turbine Design and Maintenance

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Navrotsky ◽  
Mats Blomstedt ◽  
Niklas Lundin ◽  
Claes Uebel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Power Turbine ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control ◽  
Reliability And Availability

Current power generation and oil & gas markets are dynamic with continuously growing requirements on gas turbines for high reliability and availability and low emissions and life cycle cost. In order to meet these growing requirements on the gas turbines, the OEM should sustain continued product improvement and employment of innovative solutions and technologies in the area of design, operation and maintenance. This paper describes the successful development and operation experiences of SGT-600 Siemens’ medium size gas turbine and in particular the latest achievements in maintenance and life cycle improvements. High reliability and availability of SGT-600 gas turbine were enabled by further improvements and modifications of the combustor, compressor turbine blade 1 and vane 1, power turbine diffuser and control system. The developed modifications enable operators to utilize the opportunity: • to extend the life cycle of the engine beyond 120,000 EOH (Equivalent Operating Hours), up to 180,000 EOH, depending on the previous operation profile and history of the installation; • to extend the maintenance intervals from 20,000 EOH to 30,000 EOH and that to increase the availability of the engine by up to 1%; • to reduce the emission level to the latest SGT-600 standards.

The Benefits and Cost Impact of Aluminum Naval Ship Structure

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Lamb ◽  
Nathaniel Beavers ◽  
Thomas Ingram ◽  
Anton Schmieman
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Steel Structure ◽  
Cost Comparison ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Ship Structure ◽  
Naval Ship ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Total Life

Due to budget pressure and a growing diversity of mission requirements, the U.S. Navy is in need of affordable and operation flexible ships. This paper presents an acquisition and total-life cycle cost comparison of steel and aluminum equivalent naval ship designs. A common perception is that aluminum ships cost significantly more than steel ships. This paper illustrates that even though the cost of the equivalent aluminum ship structure is 40% more than the steel structure, the equivalent aluminum naval ship can be built within just 7.5% of the acquisition price of the steel ship. This is possible because of the cascading benefits of the aluminum ship’s significantly lighter weight. Advances in aluminum technology and new facilities in the shipyards for aluminum production are further improving the acquisition cost of aluminum ship. From a total life-cycle cost perspective, aluminum ships enjoy a clear advantage over steel ships, the details of which are provided in this paper. Based on the findings presented in the paper it is suggested that the U.S. Navy should consider broadening its use of aluminum ships.

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